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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"mechanosensitivity"”.
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Molecular Basis of Mechanosensitivity
<p>Mechanosensation is arguably the least understood of all senses. For most physiological processes, the first response to membrane stress is thought to be the opening or closing of mechanosensitive channels, but the clonal nature of the first mechanotransducers is still largely unknown. The …
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Investigating Mechanotransduction and Mechanosensitivity in Mammalian Cells
Living organisms are made up of a multitude of individual cells that are surrounded by biomolecules and fluids. It is well known that cells are highly regulated by biochemical signals; however it is now becoming clear that cells are also influenced by the mechanical forces and mechanical properties …
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Cellular mechanosensitivity in vitro: cell-ECM, cell-cell, and cell-material interactions
Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T21:02:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 ALI-DISSERTATION-2015.pdf: 4946984 bytes, checksum: 649de0269d74763792c883cf2346193d (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4215 bytes, checksum: b416febe9eaf70ac46d72a4e366da385 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-13
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Vagal Integration of Cardiopulmonary Regulation
… invertebrate. In the former I characterized the mechanosensitivity of 85 single murine slowly-adapting receptors (SARs) to address the hypothesis that polymodal neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) are linked with mechanosensitive SARs via a common vagal afferent population by assessing the impact of: …
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Expression and Function of Galanin in Colonic Sensory Neurones
… has been previously demonstrated to modulate the mechanosensitivity of vagal sensory afferents innervating the upper GI tract, but nothing is known about its role in the distal colon, i.e. the lower GI tract. Using mice, I therefore aimed to determine if galanin also modulates the lumbar …
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PROBING CELLULAR MECHANO-SENSITIVITY USING BIOMEMBRANE-MIMICKING CELL SUBSTRATES OF ADJUSTABLE STIFFNESS
… stacking, thus allowing the analysis of cellular mechanosensitivity. Here, we apply this novel biomembrane-mimicking cell substrate design to explore the mechanosensitivity of C2C12 myoblasts in the presence of cell-cell-mimicking N-cadherin linkers. Experiments are presented, which demonstrate a …
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Modulation of mechanosensitive gastro-oesophageal vagal afferents by novel targets.
… groups of identified receptors in modulation of mechanosensitivity of peripheral gastro-oesophageal mechanoreceptors and to identify endogenous ligands and receptors in vagal cell bodies to complement their known location in stomach. Methods: Novel in vitro mouse and ferret vagal …
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Probing cellular mechano-sensitivity using biomembrane-mimicking cell substrates of adjustable stiffness
… stacking, thus allowing the analysis of cellular mechanosensitivity. Here, we apply this novel biomembrane-mimicking cell substrate design to explore the mechanosensitivity of C2C12 myoblasts in the presence of cell-cell-mimicking N-cadherin linkers. Experiments are presented, which demonstrate a …
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An Account of Chemical and Mechanical Regulation of TRPC6 Channels in Podocytes
… podocyte cell lines and isolated glomeruli. This mechanosensitivity is repressed by podocin, a cholesterol-binding, membrane-associated partner of the TRPC6 channel. In addition, podocin mediates diacylglycerol activation of TRPC6, suggesting that podocin determines the favored mode of TRPC6 …
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Development of a Generalizable Assay for Probing the Effects of Mechanical Force on the Function of Fluorescent Proteins within Molecular Tension Sensors
… actin crosslinking sensor which leverages FP mechanosensitivity to provide new insights into mechanical processes inside cells.In our initial efforts, we focused on investigating the effects of cell generated forces on FP function within vinculin-based MTSs. We chose vinculin as our model …
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Regulation of Visceral Nociception by GPR35
… excites colonic afferents, induces afferent mechanosensitivity and releases neuropeptide Substance-P (SP) from the colonic tissues, which exerts excitatory effects on colonic afferents. Application of the GPR35 receptor agonists cromolyn or zaprinast attenuates TRPA1-induced afferent …
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The Role of the Stereociliary Glycocalyx in Hair Bundle Cohesion
… throughout the vertebrate evolutionary tree. The mechanosensitivity of the hair bundle is achieved by the tension-gating of mechanosensitive channels joined to proteinaceous tip links that connect the distal tips of neighboring stereocilia along the axis of mechanosensitivity. When the hair bundle …
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Design of Biomembrane-Mimicking Substrates of Tunable Viscosity to Regulate Cellular Mechanoresponse
Tissue cells display mechanosensitivity in their ability to discern and respond to changes in the viscoelastic properties of their surroundings. By anchoring and pulling, cells are capable of translating mechanical stimuli into a biological response through a process known as mechanotransduction, a …
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A Nanoindentation Device and the Scale-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Native and Decellularized Liver Tissue
… of these scaffolds is important due to the mechanosensitivity of many cell types. In addition, in the emerging field of multi-scale modeling an effort is being made to integrate the small fundamental scales with the large functional scales that exist in the hierarchial structure of …
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A Nuclear Mechanoresponse to Morphogenesis Drives Acquisition of Neuroectoderm Lineage Competence During Pluripotent Cell Differentiation
… to the nucleus and influence cell state. Nuclear mechanosensitivity can result in changes a cell’s molecular-epigenetic state and regulate gene expression during differentiation, thereby influencing cell fate. During implantation, pluripotent cells within the embryo undergo an apical constriction …
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Differentiation Induces Dynamic Alterations in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Nuclear Architecture and Mechanotransduction
… MSC cellular/nuclear biophysical properties and mechanosensitivity, and determined their importance in MSC mechanotransduction. Our findings demonstrate that MSC differentiation mediated by either a soluble factor, TGF-β3 or resulting from dynamic tensile loading (DL) is accompanied by …
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The role of mechanotransduction in signalling and pluripotent stem cell fate
… stem cells suggested that while the lack of mechanosensitivity in WNT signalling was conserved, ERK signalling was reduced on both soft and stiff gels compared to plastic. This indicated that ERK signalling responds to differences in ECM-to-gel tethering between StemBond gels and plastic …
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Studying the direct effects of forces on embryonic stem cell behaviour
… pluripotency. As such, our results suggest that mechanosensitivity in ES cells is mediated primarily by tissue-wide changes to morphology and attachment.
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Light Stimulation of Sensory Hair Cells
… our senses of audition and balance. Their mechanosensitivity arises from direct gating of force-sensitive ion channels by the tension in tip links located at the tops of the stereocilia. The study of hair cells and their mechanically gated channels has heretofore required physical …
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