Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"maternal environment"”.
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Maternal environment affects adaptive seed and seedling traits in Elymus elymoides
… used in the Great Basin, are affected by its maternal growing environment. We grew a wild-sourced, agriculturally produced population under 6 maternal environments representing conditions ranging from high resource with high intraspecific densities to low resource, high interspecific density …
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Maternal environment and offspring physiology : the inheritance of information across a generation
… Darwin hypothesized that information about the environment could be passed from parents to progeny. However, in 1893, German biologist August Weismann tested these hypotheses and based on his observations concluded that information about the environment could not be transmitted from parents to …
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The avian maternal environment: Its influence on the physiological mechanisms contributing to progeny production efficiency in chicken meat birds
Alterations to the maternal and subsequent in-ovo environment during embryonic development, can lead to permanent phenotypic alterations, a phenomenon termed developmental programming. Developmental programming has enormous potential in the chicken meat industry due to meat chickens now spend ~40% …
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Hormonally mediated maternal effects in birds
… of this thesis was to investigate the effects of environmental conditions, particularly unpredictable or potentially negative ones, on the maternal transmission of the primary avian stress hormone, corticosterone, to developing embryos. We currently lack information on the extent to which …
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Maternal diet and programming of embryo and fetal development in the mouse
… of the fetus. The responses of the fetus to the maternal dietary challenge were studied close to the end of gestation (at day 17) using three broadly different approaches. Fetal hepatic tissue was examined for a response to the maternal dietary challenge in terms of global gene expression with …
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Composted dairy manure and arbuscular mycorrhizae influence on weed competition and potato yield
… due to elevated soil potassium levels. Burial environment did not affect seed survival within a species. As the compost rate in the maternal environment increased, seed mortality of SOLSA decreased, SETFA increased, and CHEAL was unchanged. Seed dormancy was unaffected by maternal and burial …
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Bet- hedging reproduction strategies in the massive Caribbean coral Favia fragum
… as an adaptive mechanism in unpredictable environments, yet is often overlooked as an evolutionary strategy in corals to adapt to environmental conditions associated with climate change. Most environments vary spatially and temporally over the lifespan of corals, and corals use cues from …
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Interactions of Early-life Temperature Exposure, Offspring Genotype and Maternal Care on Later-life Maternal Care Provisioning in Female Rats
The early-life maternal environment has a profound effect on offspring behaviour, including the transmission of maternal care across generations. Variations in rat maternal care provisioning are associated with alterations in the oxytocinergic and dopaminergic systems in the maternal brain and, in …
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The placenta in adverse maternal environments; exploring how hypoxia and food restriction limit fetal growth
… However, it must also work to balance both maternal and fetal needs and adapt to the maternal environment to support successful pregnancy. Failure to adapt can impact maternal health and fetal growth, which may have long-lasting effects on the offspring. For this study, pregnant mice were …
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Variation in postpartum maternal care programs the development of neuroendocrine and mesolimbic dopamine pathways in female offspring
Variation in adult rat maternal behavior is predicted by the experience of maternal licking and grooming (LG) in infancy, such that females that experience high levels of LG (High LG) during postnatal development typically themselves become High LG dams, and females that experience low levels of LG …
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Effects of mid-gestational L-citrulline supplementation to twin-bearing ewes on umbilical blood flow, placental development, and lamb production traits
… between the embryo and fetus with the maternal environment can have both short- and long-term consequences on health and development after birth. In some cases, these changes may be detrimental to the individual, but in other cases these developmental changes may be beneficial and …
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A murine model of developmental programming of atherosclerosis
… an important period of development during which environmental changes can lead to long term effects on an individual’s health. The association between poor nutrition prior to birth and an increased risk to develop coronary heart disease, hypertension and the metabolic syndrome is well …
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Exploring the sex-specific programming of cardiovascular disease by maternal obesity and assessing potential interventions to the mother
… pregnancy is known to have a negative impact on maternal health, pregnancy outcome, and the long-term cardiometabolic health of her offspring. Maternal interventions in obese pregnancy are needed to prevent transmission of poor cardiometabolic outcomes between mother and child. Maternal exercise …
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Investigations on the influence of CO2 on leaf epidermal development in Arabidopsis thaliana
The epidermis is every plant's interface with the environment. This dynamic tissue serves as a protective barrier against biotic or abiotic threats and controls the plant's exchange of gas, water and nutrients. Epidermal development is environmentally sensitive, allowing plants to adapt successive …
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Understanding the effects of maternal undernutrition in early gestation on placental development in late gestation
… with these adult diseases, inadequate maternal nutrition just prior toor during pregnancy is also a risk factor. The goal of my research is to identifythe critical time point by which maternal under-nutrition (MUN) during earlygestation permanently alters placental development, the …
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Clinico-Chemical Parameters of Fetal Fluids and Maternal Blood in the Bovine Model: Effects of Genetics and Sex and Relationships with Feto-Placental Phenotype
… by bidirectional exchange between the fetal and maternal systems that programme birth weight and postnatal phenotype. Fetal fluids are essential but unexplored areas for prenatal growth. This study examined allantoic and amniotic fluids and maternal blood in a Bos taurus, Bos indicus bovine model …
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The Role of Mouse Placental Endocrine Function on Offspring Metabolic Health
… between mother and fetus is required for optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. The placenta, the barrier between mother and fetus plays a key role in this partitioning; not only by transporting nutrients to support fetal growth, but also by secreting hormones, which alter the maternal metabolism. …
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Multigenerational effects of abnormal folate metabolism on embryo growth and development
It has been known for decades that maternal folate deficiency impairs fetal development. However, the molecular mechanism of folate metabolism remains unclear. To explore this, we study a mouse model of abnormal folate metabolism whereby the gene Mtrr was mutated causing a knockdown effect. MTRR is …
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The role of norepinephrine in arousal and attention: a human and rat study
… to be distracted and attempt to passively avoid environmental cues. Anxiety levels were reflected in the present cohort of 'healthy' participants' cortical activities related to the LC-NE system activity tonically by relative frequency power and phasically by the short latency in P300. This …