Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"lipotoxicity"”.
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Lipotoxicity in smooth muscle
… and can cause cell dysfunction and death, termed lipotoxicity, in various cell types. However, lipotoxicity has not been shown in smooth muscle. The goal of this dissertation was to determine if lipotoxicity does occur in vascular smooth muscle and to determine how to modulate this lipotoxicity. …
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Mechanisms underlying lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity in pancreatic islets
… in part, a common signalling pathway in both lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Rosiglitazone (ROZ) effectively counteracted the deleterious effects of palmitate but not that of high glucose on the islet function. Glucose-induced expression of iNOS with subsequent β-cell dysfunction was markedly …
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Characterization of Palmitic Acid Induced Lipotoxicity in Schwann Cells
<p>Lipotoxicity is a response to lipid overload that has been associated with cellular dysfunction leading to cellular death. The mechanism of lipotoxicity and its impact on the nervous system is critical as it can lead to debilitating neurological conditions. This study examines key cellular …
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Nutraceutical modulation of lipotoxicity and the development of a tool to monitor palmitate induced sub-cellular dysfunction.
Nutraceutical modulation of lipotoxicity and the development of a tool to monitor palmitate induced sub-cellular dysfunction. - by Dean Frederick Ashley. Over 64.3% of the UK are currently overweight or obese according to the NHS survey, a number that has continued to increase throughout the …
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Mechanisms into the development of fatty liver disease: role of bile acids, Betaine and MHY908
… Firstly, this study aimed to investigate the lipotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction attributable to palmitic acid. Subsequent investigations focused on investigating possible alternative therapies for NAFLD such as bile acids, betaine and a PPARα/γ dual agonist MHY908. Method: Human …
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Impairments in signaling cascades mediating the progression of liver disease from chronic hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in animal and human models
… injury with oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipotoxicity. The major signal transduction pathways affected in both degenerative and neoplastic disease states in liver include: insulin/IGF, Wnt/β-catenin, and others.
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The effect of iron metabolism on palmitate-induced INS-1 cell death
… regulation. 60 E. Effect of iron regulation on lipotoxicity in other cells. 61 Ⅲ. RESULTS [Part II] 64 A. Control of PA-induced INS-1 cell death through the TCA cycle intermediate. 64 B. Role of SFA and SFC in various of cell death models. 71 C. The effect of aconitase inhibition on PA-induced …
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Single-cell Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Hedgehog Critically Regulates Hepatocyte Resiliency
… that develops when fatty hepatocytes experience lipotoxicity) or cirrhosis (the end result of maladaptive efforts to repair NASH that replace lipotoxic hepatocytes with scar).Hence, it is critical to improve understanding of the mechanisms that cause hepatic steatosis (NAFL) to progress to …
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Regulation of Metabolic Stress-Induced snoRNAs
… To elucidate molecular events critical for lipotoxicity, we used retroviral promoter trap mutagenesis to generate mutant Chinese hamster ovary cell lines resistant to lipotoxic and oxidative stress. This approach uncovered a previously unsuspected role for small nucleolar RNAs: snoRNAs) as …
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Search for molecular and metabolic mechanisms contributing to impaired β-cell function
… In paper III, we examined palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in β-cells and found that cellular stress introduced by lipotoxicity directs metabolism more towards metabolism of lipids than of glucose. Together with this, the cells exhibited poor glucose responsiveness in intracellular metabolic …
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TEMPOL and Insulin Resistance: A study of the underlying mechanisms behind changes in glucose metabolism, lipid accumulation and cellular stress
… mechanisms showing TEMPOL protected against lipotoxicity-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, hyperlipidaemia, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin secretion. In summary, TEMPOL was shown to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in all three key tissue types …
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INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL DERIVED LIVER MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF PNPLA3-ASSOCIATED NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
… were resistant to saturated fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity. Furthermore, lipidomic analyses suggest that the PNPLA3 edited cells may be avoiding cell death by shuttling the saturated fatty acids into triglycerides rather than other metabolic pathways. These findings were initially incongruent …
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The role of macrophage intracellular lipid partitioning in glucose and lipid homeostasis during obesity
… accumulate in other organs, where they cause lipotoxicity, leading to the development of insulin resistance and CVD. We therefore aim to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms that induce adipocyte dysfunction. The past two decades of research have established the immune system as an …
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Role of Ceramide Accumulation in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus in Driving Systemic Metabolic Impairments During Obesity
… diseases. In the field of obesity, the idea of lipotoxicity (accumulation of toxic lipids in cells unable to handle them) has become an accepted concept, with increases in tissue lipids being recognized to cause tissue dysfunction during obesity. One of these lipotoxic lipids is ceramide, a …
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The Roles of Free Fatty Acids and Inflammation in β-Cell Dysfunction
β-cell lipotoxicity refers to the adverse effects of chronically elevated plasma free fatty acids on β-cell function and mass and plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. The objective of my thesis was to investigate the role of inflammation in fat-induced β-cell dysfunction in vivo. I used in …
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Neuroprotective Functions of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Epidermal Fatty Acid Binding Protein
<p>Lipotoxicity (LTx) is involved in mostly every process of neuronal injury. Using NGFDPC12 cells we show that palmitic acid (PA) induces the expression of stress response genes HIF-1α and BNIP3, increases the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and decreases cell viability by apoptosis. …
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The Role and Regulation of Caspase-2 in Lipoapoptosis
… we investigated the molecular mechanism of lipotoxicity-induced caspase-2 activation, and identified a novel caspase-2 binding protein, TRAF3. TRAF3 knockdown was also able to reduce lipoapoptosis in cultured hepatocytes. Reducing the binding between these two proteins decreased the …
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The Cardioprotective effect of a Lanosteryl Triterpene from Protorhus Longifolia on H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts
… to improve glucose uptake, whilst decreasing lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to high glucose. Methodology: H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were cultured in either normal (NG- 5.5 mM) or high (HG- 33 mM) glucose for 24 hrs. Subsequently, …
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Estrogen and Serotonin – old dogs, new tricks, Implications for pancreatic beta-cell function
… In addition, AMS mediated protection from lipotoxicity in INS-1(832/13) cells. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to increased understanding of how estrogen and peripheral 5-HT mediate their effects on islet function and overall glucose homeostasis.
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Identifying dietary additive regulated mechanisms impacting intestinal epithelial cell responses and inflammatory processes
… approaches to mitigate emulsifier-induced lipotoxicity by using lipid and ferroptosis inhibitors. In the final part, the study examines the effects of rare sugars and sweeteners on human intestinal epithelial cells under both steady-state and inflammatory conditions such as IBD. Among the …
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