Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 39 for “"likelihood ratios"”.
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A likelihood ratio analysis of digital phase modulation
Although the likelihood ratio forms the theoretical basis for maximum likelihood (ML) detection in coherent digital communication systems, it has not been applied directly to the problem of designing good trellis-coded modulation (TOM) schemes. The remarkably simple optimal receiver of minimum …
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The development of Case Assessment and Interpretation (CAI) in forensic science
… underlying logic of Bayes Theorem and the use of likelihood ratios, was proposed in 1998 as a model of good practice in forensic science. Over the course of the next 12 years, the model process was applied to most main-stream forensic science disciplines and, as a result, the ideas were refined …
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On decision making in tandem networks
… (almost sure or in probability) when the likelihood ratios of the private signals are bounded. When the private signals can be arbitrarily informative (unbounded likelihood ratios), we show that there is learning, in probability. Finally, we report an experimental test of how individuals …
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De Novo Transcription Factor Binding Site Discovery: A Machine Learning And Model Selection Approach
… measures of positional specificity, log-likelihood ratios for the three models are calculated and treated as features to classify TFBSs as biologically relevant or irrelevant. As a verification step, randomly generated positional distributions are analyzed to demonstrate the robustness …
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Soft Processing Techniques for Quantum Key Distribution Applications
… and a soft output classic channel. The Log-Likelihood Ratios, - also called soft-metrics - derived from the two channels are jointly processed at the receiver, exploiting capacity achieving soft-metric based iteratively decoded block codes. The performance of the proposed mixed-soft-metric …
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Importance sampling for reinforcement learning with multiple objectives
… algorithms. We employ importance sampling (likelihood ratios) to achieve good performance in partially observable Nlarkov decision processes with few data. Our importance sampling estimator requires no knowledge about the environment and places few restrictions on the method of collecting …
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Social networks : rational learning and information aggregation
… beliefs are unbounded (meaning that the implied likelihood ratios are unbounded), there will be asymptotic learning as long as there is some minimal amount of expansion in observations. This result therefore establishes that, with unbounded private beliefs, there will be asymptotic learning in …
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The value of shock index, modified shock index and age shock index to predict critical outcomes in a district level emergency centre
… for inclusion. Sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios were calculated for each variable as a predictor of critical outcomes with pre-determined thresholds. Results During the study period of 24 months, a total of 61 329 patients ≥ 18 years old presented to the EC with 60 599 included …
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Human Mitochondrial DNA from 5th – 3rd Millennia BCE: An Analysis of Iberian Populations
… DNA were searched for haplotypes, and likelihood ratios were calculated to investigate kinship between individuals with shared haplotypes. Obtained sequences were grouped with previously published data and haplogroup frequencies were compared with other ancient populations, and genetic …
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Use of Quantitative Admissions Data to Predict Academic And Licensure Examination Performance Among Physical Therapist Students
… characteristic (ROC) curves, and diagnostic likelihood ratios. The final sample included data on 3,585 students from 20 programs. When controlling for program, cohort, ethnicity, and age, undergraduate GPA (O.R. = 0.851 ±0.031), verbal GRE score (O.R. = 0.970 ±0.017), and quantitative GRE …
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Alcohol markers in hair: New detection techniques and evidence interpretation
… linked to the subject’s chronic alcohol use, the likelihood ratios were calculated and working examples were provided. This showed that a positive hair test for either EtG or FAEEs may very well be only ’limited’ evidence and therefore should only be used with a high prior odds. This means that a …
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Cortical Reorganisation in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
… (Sensitivity, Specificity, Predictive values and Likelihood ratios) for identifying patients at risk of CRPS within a Fracture cohort. This study demonstrates that novel signs are present in the majority of CRPS patients and can be reliably detected following simple training. They are practical …
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Evaluation of forensic DNA profiling success on teeth that have been submerged in the ocean
… No significant difference was observed in the likelihood ratio between DNA recovered from samples submerged in Table Bay (median: 1.031 × 1013; range: 4.221 to 5.633 × 1031) compared to False Bay (median: 3.501 × 1015 range: 1.557 × 103 to 2.578 × 1035). As expected, matched control samples …
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Selective Interference Cancellation and Frame Synchronization for Packet Radio
… and decoding in an iterative manner, using log-likelihood ratios of the estimated coded symbols. We investigate the performance of this system for both synchronous and asynchronous CDMA systems, and for both equal and unequal signal powers. Finally, a new code-assisted frame synchronization …
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Knowledge-based methods for automatic extraction of domain-specific ontologies
… approach. An unsupervised approach using log-likelihood ratios is proposed for extracting non-taxonomic relations. Further more, a supervised approach is investigated to learn the semantic constraints for identifying relations from prepositional phrases. The proposed methods are validated by …
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The performance of HIV rapid antibody detection assays in children
… specificity analyses and positive and negative likelihood ratios were performed. The reference standard was the laboratory HIV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test and HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Results: Blood samples from 1159 children (896 <18 months of age) with valid …
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Neuropsychological and functional magnetic resonance imaging investigations of anterior temporal lobe language function in patients with epilepsy : a pilot study
… differentiating left from right TLE. Very small likelihood ratios indicated only modest changes from pre-test odds. For the fMRI component of the study, although the two new fMRI tasks (Famous Faces naming, and Sentence Reading) resulted in the expected activation of language areas in group …
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Predicting Language Impairment Status: A Risk Factor Model
… classification groups. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratios were calculated for each cut-off value. Family history and maternal education arose as highly significant variables in both models. Gender was also included in the SPELT-FVM classification model. By …
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Diagnostic utility of pericardial fluid pH in diagnosing infectious pericardial effusions among patients with moderate and large effusions undergoing pericardiocentesis at Groote Schuur Hospital: a subs-study of the IMPI trial
… predictive values, negative and positive likelihood ratios for an a priori pH cut off of 7.35. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used for selection of ideal pH cut off. RESULTS Using a set sensitivity of 70% we estimated that we needed to recruit a sample size of 149 …
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Acute cognitive dysfunction, short and long-term outcomes and the impact of medical follow-up following hospitalisation for general medical illness in Cape Town, South Africa
… sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (+LR, -LR) of 74.4% (95% CI: 63.6-83.4, n/N: 61/82); 83.6% (95% CI: 79.6-87.5, n/N: 337/403); 4.5 (95% CI: 3.5-5.9); and 0.3 (95% CI: 0.2-0.4) respectively. Alternatively, a cut-point of RACY ≤ 3 optimised rule-out utility with a …
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