Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"life-history evolution"”.
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Environmental variation and life-history evolution: experiments on Caenorhabditis remanei
… project is to examine by what means, population history can influence the responsiveness of populations to environmental change. In order to approach this question I used a model species (Caenorhabditis remanei) and selection experiments in the laboratory. Caenorhabditis species are widely used …
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Theory and Pattern of Life-History Evolution in Passerine Birds
A model of life-history evolution in passerine birds was developed to relate predicted traits to the maximum long-term rate of population increase. Differences in life-history traits among species were hypothesized to result from the interacting effects of mortality expressed as within-brood …
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Life-history evolution and cooperative breeding in the sociable weaver
… This study investigates what factors drive life-history evolution in a cooperatively breeding southern African passerine, the sociable weaver Philetairus socius. This species departs from the traditional cooperative breeding model in being a non-territorial colonial nester that inhabits an …
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Molecular basis of life-history evolution: a tale of two insects
The field of life-history evolution is aimed at understanding the diversity of fertility and longevity patterns observed in nature. These patterns are influenced by the interplay of traits that directly affect the fitness of individuals, including age at first reproduction, growth rate, …
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Life-History Evolution and Population Dynamics of a Neotropical Forest Bird (Hylophylax Naevioides)
Finally, I investigated nest-reuse decisions made by Spotted Antbirds and found that over a quarter of all nest attempts were located at a previously used nest site. Pairs were more likely to reuse previously successful nests, especially for a consecutive nest attempt, than previously depredated …
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Life history evolution of the lizard Sceloporus scalaris: comparisons of lowland and montane populations
… are presumably an intermediate step in the evolution of viviparity. Low elevation populations had life histories typical of lowland Sceloporus: eggs are laid at embryonic stages 32-33, clutch sizes are relatively large, hatchlings are relatively small, and more than one clutch is produced …
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The role of incubation temperature in determining avian phenotype: implications for avian ecology, life history evolution, and conservation
… has a profound influence on an individual's life history trajectory and parents have tremendous influence over this environment. Despite the wealth of research demonstrating that incubation temperature affects a suite of traits important to fitness in reptiles, we are only now discovering …
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Inference of ecology from the ontogeny of microfossils
… does not support the generalization that life-history evolution causes heterochrony, and casts doubt on the inference of life-history evolution from heterochrony where the data are drawn exclusively from extinct forms. In the second chapter, populations of Globorotalia menardii and G. …
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Factors Affecting Natal Dispersal by Song Wrens (Cyphorhinus Phaeocephalus): Ecological Constraints and Demography
… tests of three hypotheses proposed to explain life-history evolution in tropical birds. Second, I documented patterns of delayed dispersal of Song Wren offspring. Song Wren males typically delay dispersal much longer than do females. Two hypotheses proposed to explain the evolution of delayed …
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Age-specific mortality, pre- to post-fledging carryover effects, and the timing of fledging in altricial songbirds
… mortality as a critical factor shaping life histories, particularly with respect to the mortality of dependent offspring. Altricial songbirds provide a practical system to examine associations among variation in life histories and offspring mortality as nest and post-fledging account for …
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Sex-specific investment in incubation and the reproductive biology of two tropical antbird species
… wide variation in male care across a broad life-history gradient, but such variation among species remains poorly explored. At the same time, contributions of male assistance with incubation have been largely overlooked with the assumption that incubation is a time of low parental energy …
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Sex-specific investment in incubation and the reproductive biology of two tropical antbird species
… wide variation in male care across a broad life-history gradient, but such variation among species remains poorly explored. At the same time, contributions of male assistance with incubation have been largely overlooked with the assumption that incubation is a time of low parental energy …
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An experimental demographic approach to exotic plant success: <b>Cynoglossum officinale</b> in its native and introduced ranges
… these changed conditions influence individual life-history traits, and what particular factors spur increases in population abundance in the introduced versus native range, are not well understood. I conducted parallel experiments in both the native and introduced ranges of a widespread plant …
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An experimental demographic approach to exotic plant success: <b>Cynoglossum officinale</b> in its native and introduced ranges
… these changed conditions influence individual life-history traits, and what particular factors spur increases in population abundance in the introduced versus native range, are not well understood. I conducted parallel experiments in both the native and introduced ranges of a widespread plant …
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Ecological and evolutionary effects of dispersal on freshwater zooplankton
A recent focus on contemporary evolution and the connections between communities has sought to more closely integrate the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology. Studies of coevolutionary dynamics, life history evolution, and rapid local adaptation demonstrate that ecological circumstances can …
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Ecological Causes of Life History Variation Tested by Meta-analysis, Comparison, and Experimental Approaches
<p>The ecological causes of life history variation among taxa and the arrangement of such variation along geographic gradients is enigmatic despite the proximity of life history traits to fitness and implications for understanding basic and applied population ecology. One classic explanation for …
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Ecological Causes of Life History Variation Tested by Meta-analysis, Comparison, and Experimental Approaches
<p>The ecological causes of life history variation among taxa and the arrangement of such variation along geographic gradients is enigmatic despite the proximity of life history traits to fitness and implications for understanding basic and applied population ecology. One classic explanation for …
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The population biology of Ligia oceanica (L.)(Crustacea: Oniscoidea)
The dynamics and life history of an isolated population of Ligia oceanica (L. ) inhabiting a sea-wall exposed to moderate wave action have been studied over a period of three years. Sex ratio, size at maturity, growth, breeding phenology, size and age structure, population density and size, female …
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Evolution of major histocompatibility complex genes in New World bats and their functional importance in parasite resistance and life-history decisions in the lesser bulldog bat (Noctilio albiventris)
… role in parasite resistance and associated life-history strategies. In addition to pathogen-mediated selection also sexual selection mechanisms have been identified as the main drivers of the typically-observed high levels of polymorphism in functionally important parts of the MHC. The …
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The Evolutionary Effects of Fishing: Implications for Stock Management and Rebuilding
… inter-generational morphological and life-history changes in fish stocks that have been impacted by size-selective harvest. Evolutionary processes in biological populations occur through differential survival and reproductive success based, in part, upon individual phenotypic …
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