Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 12 of 12 for “"kinetochore-microtubule attachments"”.
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Mechanistic Insights into the Microtubule-Mediated Differential Modulations of Aurora B Substrate Structures for Accurate Chromosome Segregation
… cell division depends on the ability of sister kinetochores on duplicated chromatids to attach microtubules from opposite spindle poles. Failure in this process causes aneuploidy and drives cancer formation. To maintain genomic integrity, aberrant kinetochore-microtubule attachments must be …
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Molecular mechanisms of kinetochore microtubule attachment
… segregation during mitosis, the macromolecular kinetochore must remain attached to depolymerizing microtubules, which drive poleward chromosome movement. Microtubules are highly dynamic structures that undergo dramatic structural changes during depolymerization. The results presented in this …
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Protein Phosphatase 1 at the Kinetochore Regulates Chromosome Segregation
… segregation in mitosis. First, improper kinetochore-microtubule attachments are destabilized through the error correction machinery. Second, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) delays anaphase onset until all kinetochores have achieved bioriented microtubule attachments. Both of these …
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The effect of spindle geometry on the establishment of merotelic kinetochore attachment and chromosome mis-segregation
… equally to the daughter cells. To this end, microtubules of the mitotic spindle must appropriately attach the kinetochores: protein structures that form on each chromatid of each mitotic chromosome. The majority of the time correct kinetochore microtubule attachments are formed. However, …
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Preventing aneuploidy and the consequences of failure
… detecting, and attempting to correct, incorrect kinetochore-microtubule attachments during both meiotic divisions. The meiosis I-specific protein Maml is found to link sister chromatids in a cohesin-independent manner, ensuring that they segregate together in meiosis I. In the presence of Maml, …
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PP2A-B56 isoform specificity at the centromere and kinetochore
… complex: the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC), kinetochore-microtubule attachments and sister chromatid cohesion. We show here that these key functions of PP2A-B56, which require its localization to either the kinetochore or centromere, are split between distinct subsets of B56 isoforms. …
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Molecular Mechanisms of Mitotic Checkpoint Complex Assembly onto Kinetochores
During metaphase, in response to improper kinetochore-microtubule attachments, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), activates the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), to inhibit the E3 ubiquitin ligase, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Inhibition of the APC/C then delays premature …
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Investigating mitotic vulnerabilities that arise upon oncogenic cell transformation
… and much of this regulation is centered around kinetochores. Kinetochores are large proteinaceous structures built upon centromeric heterochromatin that must form stable, load-bearing attachments to microtubules (MTs) emanating from the spindle poles. Failure to undergo high-fidelity cell …
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Unraveling the multifunctionality of human Spindly
… of the dynein/dynactin motor complex to kinetochores thus to promote chromosome alignment and mitotic progression. Kinetochore recruitment of the dynein/dynactin motor complex is crucial for maturation of kinetochore-microtubule attachments and for silencing the spindle assembly …
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STUDIES IN OOCYTES FROM THREE MAMMALIAN SPECIES DEMONSTRATE THAT MEIOTIC KINETOCHORES ARE COMPOSED OF PREVIOUSLY UNIDENTIFIED SUBDOMAINS AND REVEAL TWO NOVEL MECHANISMS BEHIND THE MATERNAL-AGE EFFECT IN HUMANS
… thesis demonstrates how unforeseen features of kinetochore organization that are unique to meiosis render this cell division process in mammals particularly prone to errors. Firstly, my results uncovered an unexpected multi-subunit organization of the meiotic kinetochore, which is widely …
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Role of phosphatases in the end-on conversion process
Proper attachment of chromosomes to microtubules is important for the accurate segregation of chromosomes and genome stability. The initial engagement of chromosomes happens along the lateral wall of microtubules through a highly specialised protein structure assembled on the centromeric DNA, the …
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Validation of The Activation of Aurora B Kinase By Caenorhabditis Elegans to usled-Like Kinase and The Identification of Cyclin B3 As A Phospho-Specific Tlk-1 Interactor
… Chromosomes are connected to mitotic spindle microtubules by way of a proteinacous, chromosome-bound organelle called the kinetochore. Two decades of research have confirmed that the conserved Aurora B/AIR-2 kinase is required for multiple mitotic events including the proper attachment of …