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Showing 1 to 13 of 13 for “"kinetochore-microtubule attachment"”.
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Molecular mechanisms of kinetochore microtubule attachment
… segregation during mitosis, the macromolecular kinetochore must remain attached to depolymerizing microtubules, which drive poleward chromosome movement. Microtubules are highly dynamic structures that undergo dramatic structural changes during depolymerization. The results presented in this …
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Molecular analysis of kinetochore-microtubule attachment in budding yeast
Kinetochores bind to microtubules and are responsible for chromosome segregation and the accurate transmission of genetic information during cell division. Kinetochores are DNA-protein complexes that assemble on centromeric DNA sequences. In budding yeast, the kinetochores consist of approximately …
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Regulation of chromosome attachment and dynamics by Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochores
Kinetochores are large, multi-protein complexes that bind centromeric DNA to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle and mediate chromosome movement throughout the cell cycle. The proteins that regulate both force generation at kinetochores as well as and the cell-cycle-dependent changes in …
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Safeguard of Mitosis: The Spindle Checkpoint
In mitosis, the kinetochore-microtubule attachment is under surveillance by the spindle checkpoint to ensure the fidelity of chromosome segregation. Defects in the checkpoint could lead to aneuploidy, which has been implicated in cancers, birth defects, and other human diseases. In presence of …
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The role of ZW10 and its binding partners in chromosome segregation
Kinetochores are proteinacious structures that assemble on centromeric DNA and fulfill several important functions during chromosome segregation. They attach chromosomes to microtubules of the mitotic spindle in a bipolar fashion and monitor the state of the kinetochore-microtubule attachment. In …
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Validation of The Activation of Aurora B Kinase By Caenorhabditis Elegans to usled-Like Kinase and The Identification of Cyclin B3 As A Phospho-Specific Tlk-1 Interactor
… Chromosomes are connected to mitotic spindle microtubules by way of a proteinacous, chromosome-bound organelle called the kinetochore. Two decades of research have confirmed that the conserved Aurora B/AIR-2 kinase is required for multiple mitotic events including the proper attachment of …
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Regulation of microtubule attachment at the kinetochore and cell cortex
… a successful mitosis, including the chromosomes, kinetochores, centrosomes, and the microtubule cytoskeleton that forms the mitotic spindle. To assemble the mitotic spindle, the two centrosomes radially nucleate dynamic microtubules that make important connections with kinetochores and the cell …
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Investigating mitotic vulnerabilities that arise upon oncogenic cell transformation
… and much of this regulation is centered around kinetochores. Kinetochores are large proteinaceous structures built upon centromeric heterochromatin that must form stable, load-bearing attachments to microtubules (MTs) emanating from the spindle poles. Failure to undergo high-fidelity cell …
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The regulation of chromosome segregation by Aurora kinase, protein phosphatase 1 and nucleolar protein UTp7
… passenger complex is essential for proper kinetochore-microtubule attachment and spindle stability in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Subcellular localization of this complex during anaphase is regulated by the Cdc14 protein phosphatase, which is kept inactive in the nucleolus …
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Role of phosphatases in the end-on conversion process
Proper attachment of chromosomes to microtubules is important for the accurate segregation of chromosomes and genome stability. The initial engagement of chromosomes happens along the lateral wall of microtubules through a highly specialised protein structure assembled on the centromeric DNA, the …
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Molecular Mechanisms of Mitotic Spindle Assembly and Accurate Chromosome Segregation
… First, interactions between the dynamic microtubules and kinetochores, the proteinaceous structures built on centromeres of mitotic chromosomes that act as the attachment site for microtubules, serve as major forces to position each pair of chromosomes to the metaphase plate. Secondly, a …
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Determining Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Division in Fission Yeast by Testing Major Assumptions of the Search, Capture, Pull, and Release Model of Contractile-Ring Assembly
… suggest CENP-A molecules exceed the number of kinetochore-microtubule attachment sites on each chromosome. We counted proteins in the cytokinesis nodes, based on the revised standard, and measured their dynamics to understand their assembly and architecture. We found a modular and hierarchical …
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Protein Phosphatase 1 at the Kinetochore Regulates Chromosome Segregation
… segregation in mitosis. First, improper kinetochore-microtubule attachments are destabilized through the error correction machinery. Second, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) delays anaphase onset until all kinetochores have achieved bioriented microtubule attachments. Both of these …