Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 27 for “"ion-exchange membranes"”.
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Performance and economics of monovalent selective electrodialysis desalination for irrigation
… osmosis (RO) is the most widely used desalination technology for the treatment of irrigation source water and wastewater. Brackish groundwater, seawater, and agricultural effluent often contain both monovalent ions damaging to crops (Na⁺, Cl⁻) and divalent ions beneficial for crops (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, …
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Numerical investigation of ion transport mechanisms in electrochemical energy storage devices: Similarity correlation and exergy destruction analysis
… of electrochemical energy storage solutions due to their scalability and ability to handle intermittency. In this thesis, the ion transport mechanisms are studied by modeling redox flow batteries (RFBs) and intercalation-based Li-ion batteries. Redox flow batteries are an emerging …
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Monovalent selective electrodialysis : optimizing energetics for desalination and mineral recovery
… electrodialysis (MSED) is a variant of conventional electrodialysis (ED) that employs selective ion exchange membranes to induce preferential removal of monovalent ions relative to divalent ions. This process can be beneficial when the divalent rich stream has potential applications. In …
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Direct measurement of vanadium cross-over in an operating redox flow battery
… of the RFB, due to its use of a single transition-metal element in both the positive and negative electrolytes. However, the performance of the VRB is affected by the cross-over of electrolytes through the ion-exchange membrane which separates the positive and negative electrolytes. Cross-over …
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Low cost reactors for redox-active polymer flow batteries
Redox-active small molecules, used traditionally in redox flow batteries (RFBs), are susceptible to parasitic crossover of electroactive species through a porous separator, and require expensive ion exchange membranes (IEMs) to achieve long lifetimes. Redox-active polymer (RAP) solutions show great …
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Advancing Microbial Desalination Cell towards Practical Applications
Conventional desalination plant, municipal water supply and wastewater treatment system are among the most electricity-intensive facilities. Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) has emerged as a promising technique to capture the chemical energy stored in wastewater directly for desalination, which …
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Streamside Management Zone effectiveness for protecting water quality following forestland application of biosolids
… management zones (SMZs) can limit nutrient pollution of streams. We delineated 15 m SMZs along three intermittent streams in an 18-year-old Pinus taeda L. plantation. We applied biosolids outside the SMZ on one side of each of the streams maintaining the other side of the stream as control. We …
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Microbial fuel cells coupled with open pond for wastewater treatment: is it viable?
… in a natural water body for energy production and contaminant removal. This MS project aims to explore whether it will be viable to apply SMFCs for wastewater treatment. Experimental SMFCs were studied in several configurations and operational modes for organic removal, nitrate reduction, …
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Functionalized Polymeric Coatings for Enhanced Selective Removal of Ions in Electric-Field Driven Processes
… any treatment or reuse and in developing regions, that number can reach up to 95%. This means, a significant percentage of available water in the world is inaccessible to fulfill everyday needs. To combat water contamination, there is a need to utilize various water treatment methods. …
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Calcium ion-selective electrodes with covalently-bound sensor groups.
A review of the development of ion selective electrodes (ISE), with particular emphasis on calcium ISE, is presented. The utility, in terms of an increased electrode operational lifetime and opportunities for the enhancement of selectivity and sensitivity of a calcium ISE membrane with a …
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Incorporation of charged polysaccharide binders to improve capacitive deionization performance
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a desalination technology which has been subject to a proliferation in research in recent years for its potential to be more energy efficient than reverse osmosis for the treatment of brackish water. One efficiency-limiting phenomenon is the repulsion of co-ions, …
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Enhancing materials for fuel cells and organic solar cells through molecular design
… to enhance selected properties for applications in fuel cells and solar cells. In chapter 1, triptycene poly(aryl ethers) are synthesized and characterized for enhancing ion conductivity of ion exchange membranes in fuel cells. Triptycene motif is incorporated to increase charge density and …
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Enabling integration of vapor-deposited polymer thin films
Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition (iCVD) is a versatile, one-step process for synthesizing conformal and functional polymer thin films on a variety of substrates. This thesis emphasizes the development of tools to further enable the use of iCVD for industrial applications. The ability to pattern …
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Development of seawater electrolysis with low-cost membranes for sustainable cement production and pretreatment
… is an electrochemical process that uses ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) to selectively migrate ions and recover valuable resources from seawater. Despite its advantages, its application in large-scale industrial processes like cement production has been limited by the high costs and low …
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Understanding ionic transport in the macrostructure of polysaccharide bound electrodes for capacitive deionization
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is increasingly being considered as a promising desalination alternative to reverse osmosis and other well-established technologies, especially when it comes to treating low salinity water, such as groundwater. Lifetime and charge efficiency (CE) are the two metrics …
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Bridging Mesoscale Phenomena and Macroscopic Properties in Block Copolymers Containing Ionic Interactions and Hydrogen Bonding
Anionic polymerization and controlled radical polymerization enabled the synthesis of novel block copolymers with non-covalent interactions (electrostatic interaction and/or hydrogen bonding) to examine the relationships between mesoscale phenomenon and macroscopic physical properties. Non-covalent …
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Mechanistic Underpinnings of Efficient Chemical-to-Electrical Energy Interconversion in Bipolar Membranes
The efficient operation of all electrochemical devices requires an understanding of how electrical and chemical energy can be freely interconverted with minimal losses. One way in which chemical energy can be stored is in the form of ionic gradients. Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are an emerging …
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Microfluidic engineering of water purification
… for several reasons, such as rapid industrialization of developing countries, environmental pollution and climate change, and development of biofuels and the resulting irrigation growth. To meet the needs for this growing demand for clean water, desalination has become an appealing solution as …
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Ionic separation in electrodialysis : analyses of boundary layer, cationic partitioning, and overlimiting current
… strongly depends on the boundary layer near ion exchange membranes. The thickness of the boundary layer has not been clearly evaluated due to its substantial fluctuation around the spacer geometry. In this study, the boundary layer thickness was defined with three statistical parameters: the …
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Coupling Treatment Technologies with Bioelectrochemical Systems to Optimize Resource Recovery from Wastewater
… and industrial processes. As the world’s population increases, the amount of wastewater produced globally is expected to reach approximately 450 billion m3 in the next two decades. Issues surrounding water, food, and energy accessibility will also become more imminent as the population grows. …
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