Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"internal ribosome entry"”.
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MIR-122 and DDX6 facilitate hepatitis C virus replication via independent mechanisms
… RNA and, at least in part, by stimulating internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation. A comparison of mutants with substitutions in only one site revealed S1 to be dominant over S2 site for its role in viral replication. However, a comparison of the replication capacities of the …
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Investigations into the role of RNA modification in the function of the c-Myc IRES
… cell stress response/permit cell survival, and internal ribosome entry segments (IRES) have been shown to recruit the mRNAs to ribosomes directly in these conditions. It is known that the majority of cellular IRESs, unlike viral IRES, require a “nuclear event” before they are active the …
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Structural Insights into Noncanonical Mechanisms of Translation
… the genetic code. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex, in concert with messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and a variety of proteins. The canonical mechanism of translation, introduced in Part I of my thesis, is divided into four distinct phases: …
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Regulation of hnRNP A1 Cellular Localization by Protein Kinases and its Biological Impact
Human Rhinoviruses (HRVs) utilize Internal Ribosome Entry Sites (IRES) to drive viral protein synthesis. IRESs are specialized RNA elements present within the 5’ UTR of mRNAs that recruit ribosomes independently of the 5’ m7G cap structure. hnRNP A1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1), a …
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Translation of Partially Decayed Messenger RNAs in Yeast
… in yeast. The reporters also contain an internal ribosome entry site from the cricket paralysis virus (CrPV IRES) to allow for cap-independent translation of the decay-protected gene, <em>LacZ</em>, encoding the enzyme β-galactosidase. Through the use of primer extension, βgalactosidase …
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Multilayered regulation of translation: roles of rRNA modifications, alternative initiation factors, and RNA-binding proteins
… a central process in gene expression, where the ribosome decodes mRNA to synthesize proteins. This dissertation explores distinct regulatory layers that influence translation initiation and ribosome function, focusing on alternative initiation factors, ribosomal RNA modifications, and RNA-binding …
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Mechanism of transmissible gastroenteritis virus nsp1-mediated translation inhibition
… translation of capped mRNAs, as well as certain internal ribosome entry site (IRES)- containing mRNAs, in HeLa S10 extract but not in rabbit reticulocyte lysate or wheat germ extract. In this dissertation the mechanism of TGEV nsp1-mediated translation inhibition is further elucidated. …
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Understanding and Targeting the FGF-2/S6K2 Signal Pathway in Small Cell Lung Cancer Towards the Development of Novel Anti-Cancer Treatments.
… mRNAs, XIAP and Bcl-X L , believably at Internal Ribosome Entry Sites (IRES) in the mRNAs 5‘ Untranslated Regions (UTR). The hnRNP A1-bound mRNAs are then shuttled to the cytoplasm where they are translated in a 5‘ cap-independent manner following ribosomal recruitment by the IRES …
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Graphical methods in RNA structure matching
… in RNA. In many cases, such as that of cellular internal ribosome entry sites, although we can identify RNAs that have similar regulatory responses, it is difficult to tell whether the RNAs have common structural features using current methods. Available tools for identifying common structures …
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Molecular characterization of the putative oncogene myeov
… of MYEOV protein synthesis to be mediated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Here we show that initial experiments using mono- and bicistronic reporter constructs supported this view. However, further examination by in vitro transcription/translation assays, Northern blot analysis and the …
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Human La Function in Expression of Coding Transcripts
… promoting cap-independent translation from the internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) of several cellular and viral coding RNAs. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which La interacts with coding transcripts. We show that in addition to a sequence specific UUU-3'OH binding …
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Targeting transcriptional and translational mechanisms to enhance utrophin A expression as a therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
… that utrophin A expression is enhanced via Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES)-mediated translation in response to skeletal-muscle regeneration and glucocorticoid treatment. Using transgenic reporter mice, we found that IRES-mediated translation of utrophin A occurs exclusively in skeletal …
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Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Cancer Stem Cell and Gene Therapy
… presented here implicates a novel cellular internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element in the c-Src mRNA responsible for the overexpression of c-Src proto-oncogene under stressed conditions such as HCV infection.</p> <p>These results presented here collectively suggest that HCV exhibits …
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The Role of Secondary and Tertiary Structure in the Cap-Independent Translation of FGF-9 and HIF-1-alpha
… UTR) of the RNA. eIF4G binding then recruits the ribosome to the transcript. While this mechanism is useful for translation of apoptotic transcripts and transcripts involved in cell survival, cap-independent translation is also utilized by oncogenic RNA for tumorigenesis. Previous work by our lab …
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Production and Testing of a Novel Live-Attenuated Chikungunya Vaccine
The following work was focused on production and testing of a novel live-attenuated chikungunya virus (CHIKV) vaccine. To this end, multiple strategies were adapted from the IRES-based vaccine strategy first employed with VEEV vaccine strain, TC-83. The first strategy, CHIKV/IRESv1, was highly …
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Translational Regulation in the 5′UTR of Enteroviruses
… six (dVI) stem loop structure within the viral internal ribosome entry site (IRES), some viruses have additional AUGs both up and downstream of this structure. However, whether these represent alternative sites of translation initiation has not yet been determined. Since many enteroviruses have …
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A mouse model to study inducible oncogene cooperation <i>in vivo</i>
… transduces growth signals from external to the internal environment. In fact, when activated, Ras exchanges GDP with GTP and this allosteric change allows binding of Ras effector molecules and transduction of signalling cascades.R as activity is required for cell cycle …
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The interaction of hepatitis C virus and intracellular lipid metabolism
… replicon was created in which the HCV internal ribosome entry site (IRES) controlled expression of the selectable marker neomycin phosphotransferase and the encephalomyocarditis virus IRES controlled expression of the NS proteins. RNA replicons were transcribed and electroporated into …
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Discovery of Inhibitors of Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins and Novel Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors as Potential Anticancer Agents
… The C-terminal RING domain of MDM2 binds to the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the XIAP mRNA and enhances the IRES-dependent translation of XIAP, which results in increased expression of XIAP and resistance to anticancer treatment. On the other hand, binding of XIAP IRES to the RING …