Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 16 of 16 for “"infectious disease epidemiology"”.
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Insights from serological surveillance in infectious disease epidemiology
Traditional infectious disease surveillance methods rely on testing of symptomatic individuals. However, such methods are often poor indicators of the true burden of infection in a population due to varying rates of subclinical infections, non-specific symptoms, and heterogeneity in health seeking …
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Socio-demographic Variables as Risk Factors for Neurologic Disease due to Infection by West Nile Virus
… be considered risk factors for neurological disease due to West Nile Virus?" Based on the results of this research, the answer is yes. Socio-demographic characteristics identified as risk factors are related to educational attainment, income, age of housing and poverty. Socio-economic …
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Fitting Stochastic Epidemic Models to Multiple Data Types
Traditional infectious disease epidemiology focuses on fitting deterministic and stochastic epidemics models to surveillance case count data. Recently, researchers began to make use of infectious disease agent genetic data to complement statistical analyses of case count data. Such genetic analyses …
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Nitroblue tetrazolium: its use in the diagnosis of infection and in the study of leukocytes, lipoproteins and liposomes
… of tests performed on patients with pyogenic disease, patients with other diseases and normal subjects. In addition, there was a significant observer error in the interpretation of the slide preparations. The extent of this error was reduced with experience, but was still considerable in the …
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The diagnostic ability of pediatric transthoracic echocardiography in the current era : a segmental appraisal
… in the care of pediatric patients with heart disease. However, despite numerus recent technological advances, there has been little re-assessment of its accuracy. We sought to systematically assess the diagnostic accuracy of pediatric TTE in the current era.
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Genetic polymorphisms and organophosphate neurotoxicity amongst emerging farmers in the Western Cape
BACKGROUND: Long-term exposure to organophosphates (OPs) can cause chronic neurotoxic effects which may be modulated by genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes (XMEs). No previous study investigated XME modulation of neurotoxicity outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether XMEs …
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Effect of diabetes and HIV on radiographic manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis
… in those where microbiological evidence of disease is lacking. A study was conducted to investigate the chest radiographic presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes, as well as to analyse the effect of HIV comorbidity on this association. The study was conducted in …
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Hypertension in Cape Town clothing industry clinics: Does treatment match risk?
… the patient' s absolute risk of cardiovascular disease. rather than their blood pressure in isolation from other risk factors, is now widely advocated because it targets treatment at those with most to gain. In South Africa blood pressure is traditionally managed according to the patient's level …
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Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance among private sector patients and prescribers in South Africa
Antibiotic resistance (ABR), alternately referred to as antimicrobial resistance, has been labelled as the next big global health crisis. If current levels of ABR continue along the same trajectories, by 2050 ABR will cost the lives of 10 million people a year, ABR cannot be stopped but it can be …
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Vitamin A status of HIV-infected adults in South Africa
… or plasma vitamin A levels in adults with HIV disease. Limited data suggests that HIV-infected adults from developing countries show even lower vitamin A levels. Factors that contribute to a low vitamin A status include a poor intake, malabsorption and repeated episodes of infections resulting …
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The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy
Objective: To investigate hearing loss among perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV-non-infected (HIV-) adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out to describe the prevalence, nature and predictors …
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HIV viral load monitoring in HIV-infected pregnant women established on antiretroviral therapy in Cape Town, South Africa
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) services have expanded over the past decade, providing treatment to over 15 million people globally. It is imperative that this scale-up of ART provision be accompanied by optimal treatment response monitoring strategies to timely and accurately detect …
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Predictors of good outcome in upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB)
… elderly people who tend to have other underlying diseases leading to the high mortality rate. From international literature, mortality varies from 4-10%. Most of the reports reflect mortality around 8%. A local retrospective study by Van Stiegmann et. al. (1983) on patients with bleeding peptic …
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Epidemiology and clinical investigation of West Nile Virus encephalitis in Houston, Texas
… (OR=2.9; p=0.012), and history of cardiovascular disease (OR=3.5; p=0.061) as independent risk factors for developing encephalitis from WNV infection. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity (being black) (OR=12.0; p<0.001), chronic renal disease (OR=10.6; p<0.001), being positive for hepatitis C …
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The evolution of virulence in Candida auris determined through experimental, ecological and epidemiological approaches
… 5). Finally, I update the global genomic epidemiology of the ongoing C. auris outbreak across six continents using 12,644 strains, including seven clinical strains from the first single hospital four clade outbreak in Algeria, and demonstrate evidence of polyploid homothallism in C. auris …