Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 37 for “"incretin"”.
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G-Protein Coupled Receptors Modulating Incretin Hormone Secretion
The incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), secreted from K-cells and L-cells respectively, augment insulin secretion. In addition, GIP facilitates triglyceride storage and GLP-1 has anorexic effects. Incretins are released from the …
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Mechanisms underlying monosaccharide stimulated incretin hormone secretion from the intestine
… insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), known as incretins due to their insulinotropic properties, are produced and released by the EEC sub types L-cells and K-cells respectively. The monosaccharide glucose is a trigger for incretin secretion, which requires glucose uptake via the sodium-dependent …
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Extrapancreatic actions of incretin-based therapies on bone in diabetes mellitus
… leading to increased bone fragility. The incretin hormones, with a classical effect to increase insulin secretion following food ingestion, are now postulated to have important direct effects on bone. As such, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has dual actions on bone …
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Exploring the Patient Experience of Changes in Appetite and Diet with Incretin Analogue Therapy
Incretin analogue therapies are a valuable recent treatment option for type 2 diabetes (T2D) as they can improve blood glucose control and aid weight loss. The way in which an individual recognises and responds to changes in satiety signals induced by these treatments may explain why individual …
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Relationships of gastric emptying with glycaemia, insulin secretion and the incretin effect in health and type 2 diabetes
… relationships between gastric emptying, incretin hormones (GIP and GLP-1) and postprandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses in health and type 2 diabetes. Key themes relate to: 1) Evaluation of the relationships of ‘early’ and ‘late’ glycaemic responses with gastric emptying in …
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Physiology and pharmacology of diabetes therapies in the cat: insulin detemir, insulin glargine, exenatide and the incretin effect
… and poor compliance. Novel insulin analogs and incretin-based therapies are more effective and have fewer side effects than traditional therapies. We studied some of these novel therapies in healthy cats. We used the isoglycemic clamp method to compare the pharmacodynamics of the synthetic …
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Neuroprotective effects of incretin mimetics upon chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress : implications for novel therapeutic pathways and opportunities in Alzheimer's disease
Growing evidence suggests that incretin mimetics exert neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects across a range of experimental models of neuronal degeneration. In a recent pilot clinical trial, Liraglutide rescued the decline of the cerebral glucose consumption in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) …
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Generation and use of new tools for the characterisation of gut hormone receptors
… in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. GLP-1 is an incretin hormone, which enhances glucose induced insulin secretion by binding GLP-1 receptors (GLP1R) on pancreatic β-cells. Despite the therapeutic success, several extra-pancreatic clinical effects of GLP-1 remain unexplained. Here, a GLP1R …
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Circadian Secretion of Glucagon-like Peptide-1
… establishing diurnal metabolic homeostasis. The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion following nutrient ingestion and has recently been shown to follow a circadian rhythm of secretion that parallels the expression of the core clock gene, …
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The effects of a combined exercise programme aerobic and resistance on blood glucose, incretin, metabolic and inflammatory mediators that could control the diabetes and improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes patients
… GLP-1 secretion. Despite the range of studies on incretin undertaken here, still there is a need to compare the effect of exercise and different types of pharmacological therapy on GLP1. This study compared the effect of exercise on T2D plus medication in volunteers. It has been found that within …
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The Effects of Acute Consumption and Chronic Supplementation of Cocoa on Overweight and Obese Adults at Risk of Developing Diabetes
… postprandial glucose and enhance insulin and incretin hormone responses to a mixed meal challenge compared to a placebo. Second, we hypothesized that 15 g cocoa/day for 4-weeks would reduce gut permeability, attenuate endotoxin response to a high fat meal, improve insulin sensitivity, and …
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Deciphering the mechanism of foxa2 inactivation by respiratory pathogens in chronically diseased lungs
… of FOXA2. Furthermore, we showed that both incretin mimetics and thiazolidinediones drugs, prescribed to diabetes mellitus 2 patients, are strong agonists of FOXA2, by activating the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-mediated signaling that normalizes mucin expression and improved …
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The Cardiovascular Effect of GLP-1 in Humans
The incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) abolishes post-ischemic left ventricular contractility (stunning) in humans but the mechanism remains elusive. I hypothesized that this effect is mediated by peripheral or coronary vasodilatation. A comprehensive assessment of the haemodynamic effects of …
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The metabolic sequelae of oesophago-gastric resection
… resulted in enhanced secretion of satiety and incretin gut hormones (GLP-1, GIP, PYY) and insulin, followed by hypoglycaemia in a cohort of patients. Continuous glucose monitoring of gastrectomy participants over two weeks of normal lifestyle identified an increased incidence of day and night …
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Cardioprotective effects of Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) and their mechanisms
… Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a human incretin hormone that has been demonstrated to protect against non-lethal ischaemia reperfusion injury in the left ventricle in humans. It has been suggested from some animal research that this protection may be mediated through the pathway of …
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Identification of genipin as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes
… 10 and 100 μM concentration inducing significant incretin hormone release. L-cells exposed to genipin displayed a rapid increase in intracellular [Ca²⁺]i and the activity of phospholipase C (PLC). Inhibition of PLC ablated genipin-stimulated Ca²⁺] increase and GLP-1 secretion, suggesting that …
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Gut microbes and serum metabolomics in canine with diabetes mellitus
… promotion of inflammation, and altered incretin hormone responses. Enriching and diversifying an unbalanced gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may help improve gut function and glycemic control of diabetic dogs. The results presented herein are …
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Self-assembled peptide as a long-acting drug formulation
… of hypoglycaemic excursions [2]. However, native incretin hormones are quickly degraded by peptidases and renally excreted, which has so far impaired pharmaceutical exploitation of anorectic and glucose-homeostatic activities [3]. It is known that many – if not all – peptides can be converted to …
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Mechanisms by which variants in the TCF7L2 gene increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
… impaired β cell function including glucose- and incretin-stimulated insulin secretion and β cell survival. The aim of this thesis is to elucidate the function of TCF7L2 in the β cells and explain the mechanisms by which genetic variants in TCF7L2 confer the increased risk of developing T2DM. …
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Health Effects of Dietary Fermentable Fiber (Resistant Starch)
… in human studies with or without increased incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Two main studies were performed. In the first main study, low potency antibiotics (Ampicillin 1g/L and Neomycin 0.5g/L) were added to the drinking water of rats to reduce fermentation of RS. …
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