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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"inclusive fitness"”.
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Evolution of Altruism and Eusociality: Toward a Cost/Benefit Analysis of Fitness and Genetic Relatedness
… and/or reproduction; that is, individual fitness. Thus, altruism poses great challenges to Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection on individual fitness. Altruistic behaviors are commonly performed in eusocial animals, such as nearly all hymenoptera (including bees, wasps, and …
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The Adaptive Function of Freudian Ambivalence, A Freudian Neo-Darwinian Synthesis
… following adaptive functions: (i) to compute the inclusive fitness costs and benefits of social objects; and (ii) to regulate adaptive psychological and physiological responses to social objects.</p>
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Paternity and father-offspring relationships in wild chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii.
… of genes, individuals can increase their inclusive fitness by helping and/or not harming kin, as long as the benefits to kin outweigh the costs to the individual. We would expect animals to attain maximal inclusive fitness by discriminating both the available maternal and paternal kin from …
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Contrast sensitivity and emotion recognition across the menstrual cycle
… function, selected by nature to harness females’ inclusive fitness. However, there are a number of limitations facing this evolutionary account, one of which is the lack of a mechanistic explanation of such changes in female perception. In a novel approach to investigating candidate mechanisms of …
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Proximate and ultimate factors influencing honey bee reproductive-related behavior
… while ultimate questions are concerned with the fitness consequences of a behavior and why it evolved. I have examined aspects of honey bee (Apis mellifera) reproductive-related behavior using each of these forms of inquiry. I studied colonies of queenless worker bees in order to garner …
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Mister Parid's Neighborhood: Dispersal Behavior and Flocking Dynamics of the Social Black-crested Titmouse (Baeolophus atricristatus)
… < 0.05), potentially leading to an increase in inclusive fitness for both individuals involved. Family flocking dynamics of the BCTI are more complicated than previously thought, and future research may yield insight into how this species evolved its current social structure. With the …
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Group living features can challenge predictions for the evolution of altruistic behaviors
… occur when an individual decreases its personal fitness to help another individual. Such behaviors occur across a range of species and environments, and they take different forms. The diversity of altruistic behaviors is also characterized by various group living features, including group …
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Sociality in the common mole-rat, Cryptomys hottentotus hottentotus : the effects of aridity
… Colony members should therefore maximise their inclusive fitness by natal philopatry, delayed dispersal and cooperative foraging. Inter-site differences were also apparent in the response of colony members to foreign conspecifics. Common mole-rats from the arid site were markedly more xenophobic …
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Polymorphic social organisation in a eusocial insect : the ultimate and proximate causes
… evolution because skew directly impacts on the inclusive fitness gained through cooperation. In this thesis I present a novel model system for investigating skew, by providing detailed sociogenetic data to show a polymorphism in colony social organisation in a species of ant, Leptothorax …
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Social structure, individual fitness and the effect of climate in an obligate cooperatively breeding bird, the white-winged chough (Corcorax melanorhamphos)
… studies were conducted. Chapter 3 focuses on the fitness consequences for helpers and breeders under different environmental conditions. Using demographic data available across five different studies done on choughs under different environmental conditions ranging from 1959 to 2017, I investigated …
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Social structure, individual fitness and the effect of climate in an obligate cooperatively breeding bird, the white-winged chough (Corcorax melanorhamphos)
… studies were conducted. Chapter 3 focuses on the fitness consequences for helpers and breeders under different environmental conditions. Using demographic data available across five different studies done on choughs under different environmental conditions ranging from 1959 to 2017, I investigated …
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Of beauties, beaus, and beasts : studying women's and men's actual and imagined experiences of sexual and gender harassment
… were compared. Drawing on the notion of inclusive fitness, the (imagined) relationship between female participants and the harassed woman in the scenario was varied: The crucial comparison was between genetic plus social relatedness to the target (sister) and only social relatedness …
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A model-based test of the efficacy of a simple rule for predicting adaptive sex allocation
The division of resources between male and female reproductive function is defined as sex allocation. The usefulness of simple rules to predict adaptive sex-allocation decisions has been a contentious topic. Simple rules are difficult to apply when the biological details of the life cycle are …
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Estimation of population density and investigation of socio-spatial organization of ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) from comparison and integration of two noninvasive methods
… the cost of competition for shared resources is inclusive fitness (Hamilton 1964). To examine this possibility, I used noninvasive genetics to examine if individuals who overlapped in their use of space were more closely related than the population as a whole. I documented extensive intersexual …