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Showing 1 to 20 of 53 for “"in vitro selection"”.
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Synthetic coenzymes for in vitro selection of DNA enzymes.
… past 10 years a number of catalytically active single-stranded DNA molecules (deoxyribozymes) have been isolated from combinatorial libraries (pools) of randomized oligonucleotides. These enzyme-like DNAs customarily utilize divalent metal ions as cofactors in their catalysis. The metal ion …
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The in vitro selection and biochemical characterization of metalloDNAzymes
… are strands of catalytic DNA. First discovered in 1994, they have proved themselves capable of catalyzing many different types of reactions with significant rate enhancements. Because they often require divalent metal-ion cofactors, DNAzymes have readily been developed into metal-ion sensors, in …
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In vitro selection of monovalent metal ion-dependent DNAzymes
… thought of as only the purveyor of genetic information, but also as a highly programmable and functional biopolymer. It was discovered in 1994 that some single-stranded DNA sequences can fold into complex tertiary structures to catalyze reactions, these DNA sequences are called DNAzymes, or …
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In Vitro Selection and Metal Specificity of Transition Metal-Dependent DNAzymes
… Co2+-dependent DNAzymes further demonstrates the interplay between DNAzyme structure and metal specificity. The clone 11 and 18 DNAzymes were selected for study because the primary sequences differ by only four bases, producing vast differences in Co2+ specificity. Phylogenetic and mutational …
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In vitro selection and characterisation of human anti-HIV-1 antibody fragments
Generation of neutralising antibodies with broad specificity would be one of the effective approaches to control HIV-1 spread. It is clear that a method that allows rapid generation of neutralising antibodies is needed. This project aims at developing a novel approach to rapidly access human …
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In vitro selection of aptamers using quantum dot-assisted capillary electrophoresis SELEX
… oligonucleotide sequences that can selectively bind to targets with high affinity. Selection of aptamers is accomplished by the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). The target is incubated with a random sequence oligonucleotide library, and target-bound sequences are …
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In Vitro Selection and Characterization of Transition Metal -Dependent DNAzymes and RNAzymes
… on Co2+ for cleavage activity. By exploiting the electronic properties of Co2+, we have used UV-Visible spectroscopy to obtain a better understanding of the metal binding properties of the selected DNAzyme systems. Through analysis of the spectroscopic and metal binding properties of these …
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In Vitro Selection and Characterization of Catalytic DNA in Model Biological Systems
… research also details the first attempt to obtain useful information from heterogeneous DNA sequencing data. A sample of the selection population from each of the twelve rounds of in vitro selection was heterogeneously sequenced without any prior separation or purification. The observed …
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In Vitro Selection of Highly Efficient DNA Enzymes as RNA Nucleases and Metal Biosensors
Based on the superior activity of 17E in Pb2+ than in other metal ions, we evaluated its potential application in sensing Pb 2+ ions. Combining the high selectivity of 17E towards Pb2+ and the high sensitivity of fluorescence detection, 17E can measure the presence of Pb2+ ions over a concentration …
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Cytokinins tolerance and in vitro selection for dwarfism in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.)
A reliable in vitro shoot regeneration system was developed for leaf segments of six apple (Malus Xdomestica Borkh) cultivars ('Wijcik', 'McIntosh', 'Macspur', 'Regal Gala' and 'M 26') grown in vitro using modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with N-phenyl-N$\sp\prime$ …
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In vitro selection of deoxyribozymes for O-glycoside cleavage and for 3-nitrotyrosine modification
Proteins and RNA are biopolymers that form complex secondary and tertiary structures and perform catalysis in nature. Single-stranded DNA is structurally similar to RNA and is also capable of catalytic function. DNA enzymes, or deoxyribozymes, are not known to exist in nature, but they have been …
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In Vitro Selection and Characterization of Highly Selective Metal -Dependent DNAzymes With Potential Biosensor Applications
A separate in vitro selection experiment was carried out in the presence of Pb2+ in order to compare the secondary structures of the resulting DNAzymes with the structure of the 8-17-like DNAzymes, which were selected through three independent experiments in the presence of: (1) Zn2+, (2) Mg2+, and …
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In vitro selection and characterization of mono-, di-, and trivalent metal-dependent DNAzymes and their sensing applications
Since the discovery of nucleic acid enzymes and aptamers that can perform functional roles other than storing genetic information; a new paradigm in nucleic acid chemistry has been opened. In 1990 the first artificially isolated functional nucleic acid was discovered through an in vitro process …
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Mechanisms of CCR5 Agonist/Antagonist Inhibition of HIV-1 Entry and In Vitro Selection of Virus Resistant to Maraviroc
Entry inhibitors represent a new class of antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. These inhibitors target interactions of the viral envelope glycoprotein with host cell receptors as well as fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. Extensive development of inhibitors that target …
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In vitro selection of DNAzymes selective for monovalent metal ions and their development as sensors in living cells and organisms
Beyond the function of carrying genetic information, the recognition function (DNA aptamers), the structural function (DNA origami and DNA nanodevices), and most interestingly, the catalytic function (deoxyribozymes or DNAzymes) of DNAs have been explored since 1990s, which attract widespread …
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I. In vitro selection of aptamers for perchlorate and melamine II. Towards crystallization of DNAzymes III. A highly selective lead sensor based on a classic lead DNAzyme
… nucleic acids irreplaceable roles for all living creatures. It plays important roles in genetic information storage and transfer, as well as regulating various aspects of biology. The discovery of in vitro evolved functional nucleic acids opens a new field for nucleic acid chemistry and …
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Searching for ribozymes with new and improved properties
The technique of in vitro selection was used to learn more about the properties of RNA sequence space. In Chapter 1 I investigated how readily ribozymes with new catalytic activities and folds could arise from an existing ribozyme scaffold. In vitro selection was used to isolate 23 kinase ribozymes …
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Development of Functional DNA -Based Sensors and Investigations Into Their Mechanism
The starting point towards the development of a successful functional nucleic acid-based sensor is its isolation and this is done through in vitro selection. In vitro selection to isolate DNAzymes for Hg2+ and Cd2+ and the use of negative selections to overcome Pb 2+ interference at various stages …
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Deoxyribozyme-Mediated Synthesis of Branched and Lariat RNAs and Their Application in Studying Group II Intron's Splicing Mechanisms
Finally, a general strategy to synthesize 5'-adenylated RNA using T4 DNA ligase was developed. 5'-Adenylated RNA can be used for in vitro selection to identify deoxyribozymes with new activities.
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DNA as a Catalyst and as a Sensor: Investigating the Structure of the Ty1 Retrotransposition Intermediate and the Utility of DNA -Based Biosensors
In vitro selection has been utilized to develop aptamers and aptazymes as components of small-molecule sensors. Aptamers have been selected for a range of targets from proteins to small-molecule ligands. Aptazymes have an aptamer domain that can allosterically control the catalysis of an attached …
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