Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 13 of 13 for “"ideal observer"”.
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The Benevolent Ideal Observer Theory
… this theory the response-dependent benevolent ideal observer theory or BIORD.</p><p>Although the way in which I express and argue for BIORD is original and unique, the core of the theory is old. In chapter 1, I explore these historical roots. The notion that moral value depends, in some sense, …
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Objective Assessment Methods for List Mode Imaging System
… of a medical imaging system, both the task and observer have to be well defined. The objective quality of the image depends on how well the specified observer can extract the desired information to perform the task. Classification or detection tasks are often considered in practice. Two commonly …
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Information theoretic design of breast sonography
… on breast cancer diagnosis and is based on the ideal observer concept for visual discrimination tasks, whereby tasks based on five clinical features are expressed mathematically as likelihood functions. Realistic approximations to the ideal strategy for each task are proposed as an additional …
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Peter Railton's moral realism
… his arguments for instrumental rationality, ideal observer theory, internalism, justification of morality and his objections to non-cognitivism.
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Objective assessment of sonographic quality for breast cancer imaging
… lowest cost and risk to patients and society. Ideally, medical imaging systems are designed by maximizing the benefit-to-cost ratio from a set of laboratory measurements that define ""image quality"" in the sense that they predict diagnostic performance in clinical applications. For ionizing …
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Sensory representations optimized for the natural environment
… two fields. In Chapter 2, based on a Bayesian ideal observer model that is constrained by efficient coding, I show how simple stimulus priors can provide a quantitative link between psychophysics and neurophysiology in the domain of speed perception. In Chapter 3, I extend these ideas to the …
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The materialist interpretation of John Millar's philosophical history: towards a critical appraisal
… within the method was the abstraction of an ideal observer or spectator. This abstraction was derived from the use of an empiricist method to understand the operations of the minds of particular individual subjects on the pre-determined experience of immediate circumstances. The method …
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Perceptual Learning, Long-Range Horizontal Connections And Top-Down Influences In Primary Visual Cortex
… was analyzed with ROC analysis to show that an ideal observer could predict the presence of an embedded contour from the spike count of a single neuron on a single trial as well as the animal's behavioral performance. A final set of experiments showed that prior to learning the same contour …
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Retrieving Information from Scattered Photons in Medical Imaging
… information, which approximates the Bayesian ideal observer performance. In the SPECT study, our aim is to determine if only the SPECT emission data acquired in list-mode (LM) format, including the scattered-photon data, can be used to compute the tissue-attenuation map. We first propose a …
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Amplitude resolution by human and ideal observers for Rayleigh noise and other Gaussian processes
The ability of human observers to discriminate aural differences in the amplitude of sinusoids, narrow-band noise, and wide-band noise was measured by the rating method of detection theory. Although each sinusoid (always 1000 Hz) was presented at a fixed amplitude, its amplitude on any trial was …
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Deep learning-enabled objective image quality assessment in medical imaging
Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-03-28 without embargo terms
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A Computational Neuroscience Approach to Higher-Order Texture Perception
… controlled by the addition of noise. To the ideal observer, all textures defined by a given amount of noise are equally detectable. However, humans are not ideal observers; their visual perceptual resources are restricted. Because of the number of textures available, we used mTurk to gather …
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A Computational Neuroscience Approach to Higher-Order Texture Perception
… controlled by the addition of noise. To the ideal observer, all textures defined by a given amount of noise are equally detectable. However, humans are not ideal observers; their visual perceptual resources are restricted. Because of the number of textures available, we used mTurk to gather …