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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL)"”.
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Characterization of biofuel from diatoms via hydrothermal liquefaction
Previous studies of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) converting low lipid content microalgae (i.e., Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Spirulina platensis) have shown potential to utilize low lipid microalgae to produce bio-crude oil. Diatoms are a major group of microalgae in water bodies with a high growth …
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A stochastic techno-economic comparison of alternative jet fuel production pathways
… phase processing (APP) using woody biomass; hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) using woody biomass; and fast pyrolysis and hydroprocessing (FPH) using corn stover. The results indicate that none of the six processes would be profitable in the absence of government incentives, with HEFA using …
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Hydrothermal liquefaction of wild-harvested cyanobacterial bloom from hypereutrophic Lake Tainter, Wisconsin
… (HABs) as a feedstock for generating biofuels hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and asserts that HTL is a uniquely practical technology for use of this biohazardous material. Using a wild-harvested cyanobacteria HAB from Lake Tainter, Wisconsin as a low-cost feedstock for HTL, the projected …
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Extracting phycocyanin from spirulina and hydrothermal liquefaction of its residues to produce bio-crude oil
… extraction was converted into bio-crude oil via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The HTL bio-crude oil obtained from the original spirulina feedstock and the residual after the C-PC extraction were compared. A rapid and efficient process for extraction and purification of food-level C-PC from …
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Hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae: Influence of varying cell compositions on biocrude yield and quality
… advantages of microalgae as a feedstock. Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) is a thermochemical process that uses water as the reaction medium to convert biomass into biocrude oil under elevated temperatures and pressures (200–350°C, 5–20 MPa). While there is extensive literature on the …
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PROCESS AND TECHNO-ECONOMIC MODELING FOR WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESSES TO IDENTIFY EFFECTIVE FACILITY SCALING
… waste-to-energy (WTE) biofuel production using hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The study focuses on facility scaling, feedstock dynamics, unpiling strategies, and cost modeling to evaluate how process conditions and supply constraints influence the minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) of biocrude. …
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Upgrading hydrothermal liquefaction biocrude oil from wet biowaste into transportation fuel
… biocrude oil converted from wet biowaste via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). Three types of feedstocks (algae, swine manure, and food processing waste) were converted into biocrude oil via HTL for upgradation processes, which includes pretreating feedstocks, separation, esterification and …
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Effects of hydrothermal liquefaction on algal toxins from harmful algae blooms
… environment and convert them into biofuel via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). A large coproduct of the HTL process is the aqueous product (HTLaq), which could be discharged back into the environment or recycled for beneficial reuse applications. The purpose of our study was to determine the …
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Harvesting natural algal blooms for concurrent biofuel production and hypoxia mitigation
… Four different biofuel conversion processes, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), anaerobic digestion (AD), transesterification and fermentation, were compared in the model. Hydrothermal liquefaction and anaerobic digestion are generally more favorable in terms of energy production because they …
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Computational fluid dynamics modeling of a continuous tubular hydrothermal liquefaction reactor
… dioxide capture, and wastewater treatment. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is the key component in the technology. It involves the conversion of biowaste and algae into hydrocarbon fuels at elevated temperature and pressure. However, E2-Energy is not yet commercially feasible due to a lack …
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Hydrothermal processes to recover energy and nutrients from liquid portion of swine manure
… via physical and biological concentration and hydrothermal processes. First, LPAM was concentrated physically through evaporation for hydrothermal processes, including hydrothermal liquefaction for biocrude oil production, and catalytic hydrothermal gasification for biogas production. Related …
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Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Municipal Sludge: Feedstock Composition, Inorganic Interactions, and Co-Liquefaction as a Dewatering Alternative
… like per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a near-term solution for wet sludge conversion because subcritical water tolerates the 96–99% moisture content of waste activated sludge (WAS) without the need for extensive drying. Three decades of HTL research …
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Investigation of combustion enhancement with biomass derived fuels blended with diesel
… method of creating fuel out of waste streams is hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), which is different from other methods as it uses the water from the bio-waste as the reaction medium. Even though fuel can be created from those processes, it is still a concern whether or not it can be utilized …
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Hydrothermal liquefaction of wastewater algae mixtures into bio-crude oil
… reaction pathways and nutrient recovery via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) were investigated. HTL was conducted at temperatures scan of 260 to 320 ˚C between 0 to 1.5 hour retention time at 0.7 MPa N2 initial pressures. The highest bio-crude oil yield, 49 %, produced from AW (based on dry …
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Hydrothermal liquefaction of spirulina with aqueous phase recirculation
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), an efficient thermochemical conversion technology, can produce biofuels from biomass, but also a large amount of processing wastewater. This study mainly focuses on the recirculation of the aqueous phase from HTL in order to effectively address the aqueous phase …
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Improving algal biofuel production through nutrient recycling and characterization of photosynthetic anomalies in mutant algae species
… and the biomass was harvested and fed into a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process for biofuel production. The post-HTL wastewater (PHWW) accumulates most of the nutrients from the incoming biomass and this can subsequently be fed back to the algae culturing system to recycle nutrients for …
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Reaction mechanisms of hydrothermal liquefaction of model compounds and biowaste feedstocks
It has been demonstrated that hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) could be an efficient technology that can not only reduce COD and pollutants in the bio-wastes but also generate valuable renewable bio-crude oil from many biomass sources. Previously, swine manure has been successfully converted into …
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Augmented growth of haematococcus pluvialis using nutrients from post hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater (PHWW)
… used in this study was the aqueous product of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), which is an attractive process for the conversion of wet biomass to bio-crude oil. Using recycled nutrients from the post HTL wastewater (PHWW) or other wastewater sources for growing algae can reduce costs and …
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Experimental and modeling study for hydrothermal liquefaction of wet biowaste
… large-scale application of wet biowaste hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process. Experiments in lab scale and pilot scale are conducted to investigate the reaction mechanism and overcome technical challenges. Technoeconomic analyses are performed to understand the economic feasibility of …
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Hydrothermal gasification of human feces as an alternative means of waste mitigation and hydrogen production
… relatively novel area of gasification, catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG). This specific type of gasification deals with utilizing the moisture in the feedstock as the primary gasification agent and sidesteps the energetically costly step of dewatering the feedstock. This portion of the …
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