Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"human norovirus"”.
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Vesicular Stomatitis Virus as a Vector to Deliver Virus-Like Particles of Human Norovirus: A New Live Vectored Vaccine for Human Norovirus
<p>Human norovirus (NoV) is the leading cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite the significant health, emotional, and economic burden caused by human NoV, there are no vaccines or therapeutic interventions for this virus. This is due in major part to the lack of a cell …
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Identification of host cellular factors that regulate human norovirus replication
The human norovirus (HuNoV) is one of the most predominant causes of gastroenteritis, yet no suitable therapeutics are available for its control. Currently, our knowledge of the precise cellular processes that control its replication is limited. In this study, we used the virus replicon system in …
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Pathogenesis, immunity, and prevention of human norovirus infection in gnotobiotic pigs
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of viral epidemic acute gastroenteritis and responsible for the deaths of over 200,000 children each year worldwide. HuNoV research has been hampered by the long absence of a readily reproducible cell culture system and a suitable small animal model, …
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Profiling the Acquisition and Diversity of Antibodies to Human Norovirus in Infants
Human norovirus (HNV) is considered the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide, yet there is a deficit in our understanding of protective immunity against HNV. Such information is critical to vaccines currently being developed, as they are likely to have the highest impact in …
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Human Norovirus in Artificial and Environmental Marine Water: Development of Antibody Based Rapid Methods
Norovirus (NoV) is the principal cause of viral gastroenteritis in the United States. It has been linked to filter-feeding molluscan shellfish, that bioaccumulate the virus from contaminated surrounding waters. The consumption of raw or undercooked contaminated oysters may result in acute …
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Inactivation mechanisms of human norovirus surrogate Tulane virus by peracetic acid at different pHs
… acid (PAA) on Tulane virus (TV), a surrogate for human norovirus, at pH 7.8, 5.4 and 4.5. No significant difference was observed between the inactivation kinetics under different concentrations and pHs. A 2.5-log10 reduction in TV infectivity was achieved after 10 min exposure at 10 mg/L PAA or 5 …
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Evaluation of the novel P particle vaccine candidate against human norovirus using the gnotobiotic pig challenge model
Noroviruses (NoVs) are a cause of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis affecting all ages. NoV infections result in over 200,000 pediatric deaths in developing countries annually. Vaccine development has been hindered by the lack of cell culture systems and small animal models; thus, vaccine …
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Influence of Enteric Microbiota on Human Rotavirus and Human Norovirus Infection, and Rotavirus Immunity in Gnotobiotic Pigs
… Using gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs transplanted with human gut microbiota (HGM), we studied the effects of HGM on the immune response to oral rotavirus vaccination and rotaviral disease. We also used HGM transplanted Gn pigs to determine the effects of HGM on human norovirus infection. Despite …
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Characterization of diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli and human norovirus from daycare centres in the Vhembe Region of the Limpopo Province
… study to characterize diarrhoeagenic E. coli and Norovirus strains from child daycare centers in the Vhembe Region in Limpopo Province, South Africa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two daycare centers were randomly selected in the Vhembe District for this study. A total of 83 samples were collected from …
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Investigating behaviors of zoonotic and human pathogens on plants
… associated with the ability to cause disease in humans could potentially be responsible for some of these cases. The role of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) in human disease remains questionable, although genomic evaluations of these isolates suggest the ability of these extraintestinal …
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Innate sensing and regulation during enteric caliciviruses infections
Several decades after the discovery of the human norovirus, with thousands of lives and billions of dollars lost, the lack of a robust cell culture system still severely hampers development of vaccines and therapeutics. This is likely in large part as a result of our limited understanding of the …
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Norovirus Translation and Replication
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite the significant disease and economic burden, currently there are no licensed vaccines or antivirals. The understanding of norovirus biology has been hampered by the inability to cultivate HuNoV in cell culture. To …
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Studies of pathogenesis, innate immunity and therapeutics of human enteric viruses in gnotobiotic pigs
Norovirus and rotavirus are the most common viral causes of acute gastroenteritis among all age groups and in children under 5 years of age, respectively. Understanding the pathogenesis of the virus and correlates of protective immunity is fundamental to developing effective prevention and …
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To the Window, To the Wall: Improving Environmental Monitoring Protocols
… Salmonella Typhimurium, Tulane virus [TV; human norovirus surrogate]) from their sponge matrices. This study aimed to 1) compare the ability of EM tools to release microorganisms, 2) characterize EM tool performance at decreasing inoculum concentrations, and 3) assess the impact of elution …
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A cultivable primate calicivirus causes enteric infections in gnotobiotic piglets
… caliciviruses cause acute gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Examples of these include human norovirus (NoV), human sapovirus, and the newly discovered recoviruses. It is estimated that human NoV accounts for over 95% of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis worldwide. However, research …
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Decontamination of food and food-processing surfaces from norovirus by cold atmospheric-pressure gaseous plasma
Human Norovirus (HuNoV) is a leading cause of acute foodborne gastroenteritis outbreaks and sporadic cases. The estimated burden of HuNoV on public health is 685 million and 20 million illnesses each year in the world and the US, respectively. This results in approximately $4.3 billion and $60.3 …
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Artificial phylloplanes: A novel tool to study parameters linked to bacterial and viral contamination of fresh produce
… OSU, and tulane virus (TV), a surrogate of human norovirus. In addition, the artificial phylloplanes were used to screen commercially available and new sanitizers and to study the use of ultrasonication as an enhancer of viral detachment in the washing step. No significant differences in …
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Study of enteric virus infection and parenteral vaccines in the gnotobiotic pig model
Human rotavirus (HRV) and human norovirus (HuNoV) are the most common causative agents of acute gastroenteritis- (AGE) related morbidity and mortality around the world. Gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs are the ideal large-animal model that allows for accurate, and precise, preclinical evaluation of vaccine …
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Investigation of Novel Prophylactics Against Human Rotavirus Using Gnotobiotic Pig Models
Human rotavirus (HRV) is a major causative agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE), which causes severe dehydrating diarrhea in children under the age of five and results in up to 215,000 deaths worldwide each year. There are two live oral attenuated vaccines licensed for use in the United States that …
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Disinfection of fresh produce contaminated by enteric viruses and their inactivation mechanisms
… In contrast, disinfection efficacy of TV, a Human Norovirus surrogate, was not influenced by the vegetable type. However, resistance of suspended TV was significantly more resistant to free chlorine than suspended RV. Free chlorine inactivation mechanisms on viruses were also investigated to …