Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 66 for “"host immunity"”.
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Vip And Host Immunity
… dissertation was to examine how VIP regulates host immunity and corneal healing, specifically, its control of growth factors and TLR expression in the P. aeruginosa infected cornea. Firstly, VIP treatment increased growth factor expression (EGF, GHF, FGF and VEGF) in infected cornea. Notably, …
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Exploiting Ruminococcus gnavus and Limosilactobacillus reuteri to strengthen host immunity and treat infections
… millions of years of coevolution between the host and intestinal microbiota have fostered a predominantly symbiotic relationship, the intestinal epithelium is tasked with balancing immune tolerance and anti-pathogen immunity. One way in which the mucosal epithelium maintains healthy …
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Exposure heterogeneity, host immunity and virulence evolution in a wild bird-bacterium system
… A major source of heterogeneity in free-living host populations is the degree of exposure to a pathogen, as well as a host's history of exposure to a pathogen, which can create variation in standing immunity. We sought to determine the role of exposure heterogeneity on host susceptibility and …
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The roles of papain-like protease-related proteins in viral replication and host immunity
… have been shown to be actively involved in host innate immunity manipulation and virus replication. In this dissertation, the research were focused on the elucidation of biological roles of nidoviral PLPs-related proteins in innate immunity suppression and viral RNA transcription regulation. …
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Elucidation of Mechanisms of Host Immunity against Orientia tsutsugamushi in a Newly Developed Murine Model
… of 7-15%. The current gaps in the knowledge of immunity include the unknown mechanisms of host immunity to O. tsutsugamushi. Using an intravenous (i.v.) disseminated infection mouse model, we observed that more CD8+ T cells than CD4+ T cells were present in the spleens of infected mice at 12 …
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Using Tumour Evolution to Understand the Epigenetic and Transcriptional Adaptations of Cancer to Host Immunity
Immunoediting describes the process in tumour development whereby tumours evolve to avoid the immune system. The relevance of immunoediting in carcinogenesis, metastasis and immunotherapy resistance makes understanding the mechanisms of immunoediting essential in informing cancer therapy and …
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TNF-[alpha] in host immunity to tuberculosis : in vivo and in vitro studies of protection and pathogenesis
Tuberculosis has been widespread from earliest history as demonstrated by skeletal deformities suggestive of spinal tuberculosis (Potts Disease) seen in Neolithic man (5000 BC) [Sager P, Schalimtzek M and Moller-Christensen V, 1972]. The earliest written reports similar of tuberculosis probably …
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Evidence for Organelle-Like Extracellular Vesicles from a Parasite of Drosophila and Their Function in Suppressing Host Immunity
… in natural ecosystems. Adept at suppressing immunity of their insect hosts, these natural enemies of insect pests are used for biocontrol in many parts of the world. Female parasitic wasps of the closely-related species <em>Leptopilina heterotoma</em> (<em>Lh</em>), a generalist of many …
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The role of IL-4 and Th2-like cytokines in pulmonary tuberculosis
… unclear as to what constitutes protective host immunity. Despite high levels of IFN-γ at the site of disease, the Th1 cytokine associated with protection, many individuals still have progressive active TB. Whether a Th2-like immune response (IL-4; IL-4δ2; IL-9) can subvert protective host …
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Regulation of Adaptive and Innate Immunity by the Circadian Transcription Factor NFIL3
… cycle and the circadian clock influence host immunity. Here, I show that the circadian transcription factor NFIL3 is critical for both adaptive and innate immunity by regulating TH17 cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), respectively. First, NFIL3 transcriptionally represses RORgt, the …
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Control of Salmonella Virulence by Microbiota-Derived and Dietary Fatty Acids
… mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences host immunity to defend against invading pathogens, how microbiota directly antagonizes pathogen virulence is less studied. In particular, gut microbiota produces large amounts and varieties of small molecules that may impact both host immunity and …
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The role of IL-4 and IL-13 in pulmonary tuberculosis using gene-deficient mice and protective efficacy of the purine-deficient auxotroph of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
… confirmed that endogenous IL-4 does not reduce host immunity. In contrast, IL-4Rα genedeficient mice, which lack both IL-4 and IL-13 signalling, had reduced bacterial burden in the lungs and other organs, increased survival and cellular immunity with macrophage activation. Therefore IL-4Rα …
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N-Glycosylation Protects Host from Mycobacterial Infection
Host immunity against tuberculosis (TB) is primarily mediated by macrophages. Macrophages phagocytose *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* and restrict their growth. Through a zebrafish forward genetic screen, we have identified the early steps of N-glycosylation are required for the macrophage to resist …
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The role of pulmonary innate and adaptive immune responses to helminth infection
Immunity to nematode infections requires a host T helper 2 (Th2) response promoted by epithelial cell driven IL-33 induction of cytokine secretion of Interleukin (IL)-4, 5 and 13 by a range of immune cells including innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2s) and CD4+ T cells. This induces effector …
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The role of pulmonary innate and adaptive immune responses to helminth infection
Immunity to nematode infections requires a host T helper 2 (Th2) response promoted by epithelial cell driven IL-33 induction of cytokine secretion of Interleukin (IL)-4, 5 and 13 by a range of immune cells including innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2s) and CD4+ T cells. This induces effector …
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Microbiological, genomic and transcriptomic analyses of human tuberculosis lung cavities
… candidates have failed in clinical trials and host immunity in the lung remains poorly understood. Pathogenesis of pulmonary cavitation, the basis of TB transmission, is poorly understood. The degree of heteroresistance in the human lung remains unclear. METHODOLOGY: Multi- and extensively …
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Remodelling of Mycobacterial Peptidoglycan During Cell Division and the Epigenetics of Macrophages during M. tuberculosis infection
… (Mtb), has evolved the ability to evade the host immune system using several mechanisms; emphasising the need for novel treatment strategies. Peptidoglycan (PG) is an important immunomodulatory heteropolysaccharide structure that can be shed during mycobacterial infection with immunological …
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Potential for probiotics to mitigate environmental stress in Western honey bees
… probiotic strains have been shown to enhance host immunity and buffer against pathogens. In addition, certain Lactobacillus strains can inhibit P. larvae growth, potentially preventing outbreaks. There is also some evidence that lactobacilli increase resistance against Varroa mites through …
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Surface Coat Replacement Dynamics and Antigen Glycosylation in T. Brucei Influence Evasion of the Host Antibody Response
… of human and animal trypanosomiasis, evades host immunity through antigenic variation of its variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat. During infection, the VSG coat elicits a robust antibody response, but the parasite escapes antibody-mediated clearance by repeatedly accessing its large …
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Preconception maternal exposure to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis transfers protection against Nb to her offspring
… and can have a long lasting influence on host immunity. Children of mothers exposed to helminth infections may display T cell sensitization to endemic helminth infections and associations have been made between maternal helminth infection and altered immune responses to childhood diseases …
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