Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"horizontal transfer"”.
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Linking sequence to function in microbial genomics
Microbial genomes show high plasticity due to horizontal transfer, large community sizes, and rapid growth paired with adaptive mutations. Despite this mutability of gene content, most studies of microbial communities still rely on bulk, single-gene amplicon sequencing. In this thesis, I present …
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Antibiotic Tolerance and Heteroresistance: Associated Fitness Costs and Potential in Evading Antibiotic Killing
… by assessing the efficiency and fitness costs of horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants. We hypothesized that the fitness tradeoffs incurred by resistance determinants would define the likelihood of such resistance to emerge in a clinical setting. Clinically relevant …
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Population genetics of P transposable elements and their host species, with emphasis on Drosophila willistoni and Drosophila sturtevanti
… million years ago, and that a minimum of eleven horizontal transfer events among species have taken place since then. This indicates that horizontal transfer is more important than anticipated in the transmission of P elements among species. The evolution of P elements within species was studied …
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Genome diversity and evolution in canine transmissible venereal tumour
… transmitted between dogs by the allogeneic transfer of living cancer cells during coitus. CTVT first arose several thousand years ago and has been reported in dog populations worldwide. The goals of this Thesis were (1) to gain further understanding of CTVT distribution patterns and …
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Variability of photosynthesis genes in purple bacteria and molecular determinants of their spectral properties
… variations in gene transcription and expression. Horizontal transfer of genes between Amb. purpureus and Allochromatium vinosum might have played a role during the evolution of the multiple pufA genes. Along with extraordinary absorption properties of the LH1-antenna (909 nm), Rss. parvum exhibits …
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Origin, evolution, and global spread of a transmissible cancer clone
… between unrelated individuals by the physical transfer of living cancer cells. These clones can ‘metastasise’ through populations, having adapted to transmit across external environments and evade the host immune response. Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour (CTVT) is a sexually transmitted …
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Specificity and benefits of an exclusion mechanism for a mobile genetic element in Bacillus subtilis
The horizontal transfer of mobile genetic elements, including Integrative and Conjugative Elements (ICEs), plays an essential role in bacterial evolution by helping to promote the spread of genes involved in antibiotic and heavy metal resistance, metabolism, symbiosis, and pathogenicity. Like …
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Change in the Structure of Soil Microbial Communities in Response to Waste Amendments
… in turn have consequences for ARG levels and its horizontal transfer to various members of the soil community. Addition of waste from livestock is a historical method for increasing nutrients needed in the soil for the cultivation of crops, and in turn causes pronounced shifts in soil microbial …
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An examination of novel archaeal stress response genes
… the srb genes are suggested to have undergone horizontal transfer across large phylogenetic distances on several occasions. A sequence homologous to srb family members was identified as part of a hypothetical ORF in Clostridium perfringens, which encodes a protein that consists of a fusion of a …
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Exosomes and miRNAs in disease pathogenesis and opportunities for molecular targeting
… among cells and across tissues, through horizontal transfer of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Exosomes have been the subject of numerous research in recent years; however, their roles still have to be identified in the pathogenesis of different diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small …
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons in Mosquitoes: Diversity, Evolution, and Analysis of Potentially Active Elements
… (Mouches et al. 1991), has been implicated in horizontal transfer in three non-sibling species of the Aedes genus (Mouches, Bensaadi, and Salvado 1992). PCR was used to obtain sequences from 18 mosquito species of six genera. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates predominant vertical inheritance …
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Exploring the Evolution of Pathogenicity in a Mult-host Bacterial Pathogen Using Comparative Genomics
… P. septica and P. ananatis, in two independent horizontal transfer events; both from human pathogenic genera of Enterobacteriaceae. This thesis confirmed the identity of dozens of human Pantoea isolates and demonstrated that P. septica specifically appears to be adept at infecting humans. This …
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Gram-positive infections in patients with end-stage renal disease
… gel electrophoresis. This highlighted horizontal transfer of microorganisms between different patients and the environment. The phenotypic characteristics of these strains were also investigated to determine characteristics that could be used as markers for dialysis catheter-associated …
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Mobile genetic element contribution to the genome architecture of the human parasitic flatworm Schistosoma mansoni
… parasite proliferation, invasion, and survival. Horizontal transfer of TEs is especially impactful, as periods of increased transposition are commonly observed post-acquisition, which may impact the genome, contributing to phenomena such as exaptation or the repeat-richness of the subtelomere. …
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DD34E DNA Transposable Elements of Mosquitoes: Whole-Genome Survey, Evolution, and Transposition
… genomic searches, suggesting a possible case for horizontal transfer. Additionally, it was discovered that in some mosquito genomes, there are several Tango transposons. These observations suggest differential evolutionary scenarios and/or TE-host interaction of Tango elements between mosquito …
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Phenotypic and genetic diversity of pseudomonads associated with the roots of field-grown canola
… the genome and the acquisition of genes by horizontal transfer systems, e.g. plasmids, bacteriophages, transposons or integrons. The purpose of this study was to examine the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of a subset of pseudomonads (N=133) isolated from the rhizosphere and root-interior …
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The emergence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> with CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the United Kingdom
… encoded by single plasmids, generally self-transferable. Among producers of CTX-M-15 enzyme, and regardless of their host strain's epidemic status, these plasmids were closely-related (IncFII) and encoded most often <i>bla</i><sub>TEM-1</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-1</sub> along …
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Modeling brake specific fuel consumption to support exploration of doubly fed electric machines in naval engineering applications
… DFEM concepts to naval engineering requires a horizontal transfer of the body of knowledge. Researchers in the field of DFEM technology need to gain a better understanding of the intricacies of integrating a marine vessel's engineering plant with the vessel's designed purpose. New methods of …
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Conjugative transfer and expression of an integrative and conjugative element in Pectobacterium atrosepticum : A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University
… to Mobile Genetic Elements, the means of Horizontal Gene Transfer enabling rapid exchange of genetic information between bacterial populations. Integrative and Conjugative Elements (ICEs) are Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) that are transferred largely by conjugation between two bacterial …
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A dynamic model for the evolution of protein structure
… is used to properly discount terms of horizontal transfer in a birth-death model since such a transfer contributes no new folds or FSFs to the net abundance across all organisms. Our model determines 1) that there is a tight connection between the history of folds and FSFs, 2) that the …
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