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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"histone H2B"”.
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Investigations into the regulation of histone H2B monoubiquitination
… des Lysinrestes K120 von Histon H2B (H2Bub1) beispielsweise mit transkriptionell aktiven Genen in Verbindung gebracht werden. Zum einen konnte gezeigt werden, dass diese Modifikation die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Chromatins verändert, zum anderen dient sie als …
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Sortase-mediated ubiquitylation of Histone H2B and its biological consequences
… the understanding of cell biological processes. Histone 2B (H2B) ubiquitylation has been suggested to collaborate in the complex mechanisms that control the activation or silencing of genes. Here we try to explain how we could use the sortagging technique to control ubiquitylation events inside …
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The primary structure of histone H2B from the mollusc Patella granatina
Histones H2B were isolated from the gonads of a mollusc (Patella granatina) and from chicken (Gallus domesticus), crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) and amphibian (Xenopus laevis) erythrocytes. The H2B's were purified by ion-exchange and gel exclusion chromatography. The complete primary structure of …
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The Role of Histone H2B Ubiquitylation and its Related Factors in Transcriptional Regulation in Mammalian Cells
<p>Diverse histone modifications such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation play important roles in transcriptional regulation throughout eukaryotes, and recent studies in yeast also have implicated H2B ubiquitylation in the transcription of specific genes. However, a systematic study of …
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Mechanistic Insights into the Stimulation of Dot1L-Mediated Methylation of Histone H3 by Semisynthetically Ubiquitylated Histone H2b
<p>Post-translational modification of histones plays an integral role in regulation of chromatin-templated processes through modulation of chromatin structure and function. One such modification, ubiquitylation of histone H2B on lysine 120 (uH2B), has been correlated with enhanced methylation of …
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REGULATION OF EUKARYOTIC TRANSCRIPTIONAL ELONGATION AND ASSOCIATED DNA REPAIR
… elongation is the monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 123. A complex of an E2 conjugase, Rad6p, and an E3 ligase, Bre1p, is essential for this process. Consistent with the role of histone H2B monoubiquitination in promoting the association of RNAPII with the active gene, this …
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Purification and Characterization of OTF-1, A Transcription Factor Regulating Cell Cycle Expression of a Human Histone H2b Gene: Demonstration of its Functional Identity with NF-III, a Factor Required for Efficient Initiation of Adenovirus DNA Replication
… OTF-1, which stimulates transcription of a human histone H2b gene, has been purified from HeLa nuclear extracts. This purification was achieved through the use of DNA affinity chromatography, and the factor was unambiguously identified by renaturation of activity following SDS-polyacrylamide gel …
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HISTONE POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS AND GENE EXPRESSION IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE
Covalent modifications of histones play a critical role in many important biological processes such as transcription, DNA repair and recombination. Among the major modifications known so far, histone H3 acetylation at lysines 9 and 14 (H3K9/14), monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine123 …
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Two -Photon Standing Wave Fluorescence Photobleaching With Application to the Study of Chromatin Motion
… groove binding dye Hoechst 33342 or GFP labeled histone H2B. The diffusion is highly constrained and cannot be observed in a standard, single beam fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiment. To determine the chemical origin of the diffusion, we study motion in isolated nuclei and vary …
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Defining The Functions of Usp22 and Usp44 In Regulation of H2Bub1 Levels
<p>Aberrant levels of histone ubiquitination are involved in various human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. Particularly, Histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) is highly associated with gene regulation in both normal cells and diseases. Many deubiquitinases (mainly …
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Non-proteolytic roles of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in memory formation across the lifespan
… in the brain. Epigenetic modifications, such as histone monoubiquitination and ubiquitin signaling, have emerged as key players in these processes. While monoubiquitination of histone H2B is a well-established regulator of increased gene transcription in memory formation, the role of histone H2A …
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Discovery of Novel Ubiquitin- and Methylation-Dependent Interactions Using Protein Domain Microarrays
… domain microarrays identifying novel readers for histone H2Aub1 and H2Bub1, and H3TM K4me3. Ubiquitinations of histone H2A at K119 (H2Aub1) and histone H2B at K120 (H2Bub1) function in distinct transcription regulation and DNA damage repair pathways, likely mediated by specific "reader" proteins. …
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Regulation of Histone Covalent Modifications During Yeast Apoptosis
… structure is the covalent modification of histones, which associates with DNA to form the nucleosome, the fundamental unit of chromatin. Phosphorylation of histone H2B at serine 14 (H2BS14ph), catalyzed by Mst1 kinase, has been linked to chromatin compaction during mammalian apoptosis. I …
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Identification of a Functional Hotspot on Ubiquitin Required for Stimulation of Methyltransferase Activity on Chromatin
<p>Histone post-translational modifications modulate chromatin structure and function either by directly altering the intrinsic physical properties of the chromatin fiber or by nucleating the recruitment and activity of a host of transacting nuclear factors. Histone ubiquitylation is one class of …
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Proteomic investigation of the molecular targets of mycophenolic acid in human cells
… SET, stathmin, 40S ribosomal protein S12, histone H2B type 1 A, and histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I). Functional annotation tool analysis showed that MPA modulated proteins were mainly involved in the cytoskeleton (26%), chromatin structure/dynamics (17%), and energy production/conversion …
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Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of fear memory
… regulation, such as post-translational histone modifications, is essential to memory formation and maintenance. Moreover, many studies on the mechanisms of memory have focused on fear memories underlying traumatic events, which helps to understand post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). …
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Mechanistic Insights into Direct Interactions that Mediate the Activity of DOT1L Complex in MLL-Rearranged Leukemia
… of telomeric silencing 1-like) complex. Aberrant histone H3 Lysine 79 (H3K79) methylation catalyzed by DOT1L was shown to be crucial for the maintenance of MLL-rearranged leukemia. DOT1L is the only known H3K79 methyltransferase, and further, a DOT1L inhibitor is currently being evaluated in …
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HISTONE-DEPENDENT AND HISTONE-INDEPENDENT PATHWAYS FOR RAD9 CHROMATIN RECRUITMENT AND CHECKPOINT ACTIVATION
… Ddc2, the Ddc1 component of the 9-1-1 complex, histone H2A. Another Mec1 target is adaptor Rad9. Phosphorylation of Rad9, followed by its oligomerization, allows the recruitment and activation of the effector checkpoint kinase Rad53. This is a key step in the signal transduction cascade; it can …
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Dynamics of DNA-repair factors and chromosomes studied by laser-UVA-microirradiation and laser-photobleaching
… Cells expressing a fusion protein of the core histone H2B with GFP (H2B-GFP) stably incorporate H2B-GFP into nucleosomes. In these cells chromatin regions were selectively marked by laser-photobleaching and followed by live cell microscopy. To this end, a live cell imaging system was …
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Dynamic organization of chromosomes in the mammalian cell nucleus
… from epigenetic modifications at the DNA- and histone level to a higher order functional nuclear topology, in the context of which gene-activating and -repressing processes influence the gene expression profile of an individual cell beyond the sequence information of the DNA. The present work …
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