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Showing 1 to 20 of 28 for “"histone H2A"”.
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Investigations into the role of histone H2A ubiquitination in chromatin
… vitro system was used to determine the effect of histone H2A ubiquitination on linker histone binding to mononucleosomes. Hybrid octamers containing either H2A or ubiquitinated H2A (uH2A) were reconstituted onto random sequence 167 bp DNA. The affinity of the resultant nucleosome cores for linker …
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Midaesin - a histone H2A antimicrobial peptide from the South African abalone, Haliotis midae
… shellfish that is farmed in the Western Cape. Histone H2A-derived peptides investigated from various organisms have been shown to act as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against a range of microbes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine whether the H. midae histone H2A acts as an AMP …
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Characterization of Histone H2A Functional Domains Important for Regulation of the DNA Damage Response
… nucleoprotein complex consisting of DNA, histones and associated proteins. As such, mechanisms that modulate chromatin structure, many of which involve the histone component of chromatin, have been shown to play a role in regulation of the DNA damage response. In my thesis work I …
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The Multifunctional Kinase Bub1 Acts as a Signaling Hub for the Spindle Checkpoint
… kinase. The only two identified substrates are histone H2A and Cdc20. Bub1 phosphorylates histone H2A threonine 120, which is important in recruiting Sgo1 and Aurora B kinase to the kinetochore. Bub1 also phosphorylates Cdc20 serine 153. It was shown in vitro that phosphorylation by Bub1 can …
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Faktoren des Kerntransports von Core-Histonproteinen: Strukturelle und funktionelle Analyse
Core-Histone sind kleine basischen Proteine, die die Nukleosomen im Chromatin eukaryonter Zellen bilden. In vitro Kernimportstudien zeigen, daß die vier Core-Histone H2A, H2B, H3 und H4 nicht durch freie Diffusion, sondern durch einen aktiven, rezeptorvermittelten Prozeß in den Zellkern importiert …
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The Regulatory Role of Mixed Lineage Kinase 4 Beta in MAPK Signaling and Ovarian Cancer Cell Invasion
… and has kinase activity towards histone H2A, but has no kinase activity towards the MAP2K, MEK4/SEK1, a known substrate for MLK3 and other MAP3Ks. Furthermore, MLK4beta interacts with MLK3 and inhibits MLK3 activation. In addition, MLK4 blocks matrix metalloproteinase-9 gelatinase …
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Structural Investigation of the Chromatin Remodeller Fun30
… wrapped around a protein core consisting of two histone H2A-H2B dimers and a histone H3-H4 tetramer. Chromatin structure can be altered through the action of a diverse assortment of proteins and protein complexes including ATP-dependent remodelling enzymes related to the yeast Snf2 protein. A …
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A role for the histone variant HTZ1 in meiotic chromosome segregation
… and post-translational modification of histone proteins (Dunn & Kingston, 2007; Kouzarides, 2007; Workman, 2006). An additional mechanism for chromatin regulation is the replacement of conventional histones with specific non-allelic variants. H2AZ, a highly conserved variant of histone …
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Two Redundant Ubiquitin-dependent Pathways of BRCA1 Localization to DNA Damage Sites
… ligase activity is necessary for recognition of histone H2A Lys13/Lys15 ubiquitylation by BARD1 although I cannot rule out the possibility that the BRCA1 RING facilitates ubiquitylated nucleosome recognition in other ways.
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Roles of H2A.z in Fission Yeast Chromatin
Covalent histone modifications such as methylation, acetylation as well as differential incorporation of histone variants are shown to coincide with different chromatin compartments and mark active or repressed genes. Msc1 is one of the seven JmjC Domain Proteins (JDPs) in Fission Yeast. JDPs are …
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Discovery and Characterization of Methylation of Arginine 42 on Histone H3: A Novel Histone Modification with Positive Transcriptional Effects
… turns of DNA wrapped around an octamer of core histone proteins composed of four histone species: one histone H3/H4 tetramer and two histone H2A/H2B dimers. Histones are basic globular proteins rich in lysine and arginine residues, with unstructured N-terminal "tail" regions protruding outside …
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H2A.Z : a molecular rheostat for gene regulation in embryonic stem cells
… during development and differentiation. The histone H2A variant H2A.Z is highly conserved among eukaryotes and is of particular interest because it has an essential, yet unknown role in early development. H2A.Z is enriched at the promoter regions of most genes that harbor H3K4me3 in mouse …
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TOWARD STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS INTO THE RECOGNITION OF H3K27 TRIMETHYLATION BY CANONICAL PRC1
… 1 (PRC1) catalyzes the monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub1) and are classified as canonical (PRC1.2 and PRC1.4) and variant (PRC1.1, PRC1.3 and PRC1.6), which differ in subunit composition, chromatin recruitment and catalytic efficiency. Canonical PRC1 complexes are …
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Biochemical and structural studies of histone and associated proteins from chick and human nuclei
Chromatin is the complex of DNA, histones and non-histone proteins that make up chromosomes and the region of dispersed chromosomes during the interphases and S phase of the cell cycle. It is found inside cell nuclei in eukaryotic cells. There are many important proteins in the nuclei which are …
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The role of Arabidopsis thaliana heterochromatin component H2A.W in meiotic recombination
… H3K9me2 and DNA methylation. Analysis of histone H2A variants via ChIP-sequencing has revealed that H2A.W is enriched in the heterochromatin. By combining cytogenetic, genetic and genomic assays, I have demonstrated that HTA7 is specifically involved in crossover repression within the …
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Non-proteolytic roles of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in memory formation across the lifespan
… in the brain. Epigenetic modifications, such as histone monoubiquitination and ubiquitin signaling, have emerged as key players in these processes. While monoubiquitination of histone H2B is a well-established regulator of increased gene transcription in memory formation, the role of histone H2A …
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EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS OF POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 1 IN INTESTINAL LINEAGE COMMITMENT
… which can mono, di, and tri- methylase the histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27); and Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) with the catalytic subunits RING1A/B, which catalyze the monoubiquitylation of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119) (1,2). In PRC1, the RING1A/B subunits form a core …
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Histone Variant H2A.Z Substitution Mediated by the SWR1-like Complex is a Novel Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanism Controlling Defense Genes and Immunity in Plants
… whose yeast homolog functions to exchange the histone H2A for its variant, H2A.Z. This replacement has been speculated to be involved in transcription regulation as it occurs in the promoter and/or genic region of actively transcribed genes. Interestingly, mutations in a few SWR1-like …
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Discovery and Characterization of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 of C. Elegans
… Polycomb repression complex 2 (PRC2) methylates histone H3 lysine 27 at target genes to modify gene expression, and this mark is recognized by PRC1, which ubiquitylates histone H2A. In Caenorhabditis elegans, a complex of the MES-2, MES-3, and MES-6 proteins is functionally analogous to the PRC2 …
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Discovery of Novel Ubiquitin- and Methylation-Dependent Interactions Using Protein Domain Microarrays
… domain microarrays identifying novel readers for histone H2Aub1 and H2Bub1, and H3TM K4me3. Ubiquitinations of histone H2A at K119 (H2Aub1) and histone H2B at K120 (H2Bub1) function in distinct transcription regulation and DNA damage repair pathways, likely mediated by specific "reader" proteins. …
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