Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"high-grade gliomas"”.
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Establishing Intratumoral Modulation Therapy as a New Treatment Modality for High Grade Gliomas
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain cancer in adults despite aggressive treatments with surgery and chemo-radiation. Advances in electrotherapeutics offer a foundation for developing new treatment modalities that exploit an innate vulnerability of glioblastoma (GBM). Low …
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The Role of Anti-Viral Immune Response on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Oncolytic Virotherapy for High-Grade Gliomas
<p>Currently, there is no effective treatment for high-grade gliomas that are resistant to conventional treatments and immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Oncolytic viruses offer a new treatment modality by selectively replicating in cancer cells and inducing anti-tumor immunity. Among these …
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Molecular and Mechanical Heterogeneity in Adult and Paediatric High-Grade Glioma
High-grade gliomas are aggressive, lethal tumours of the central nervous system with no available cure. Both adult and paediatric high-grade gliomas (HGGs) are characterized by rapid proliferation and diffuse invasion of tumour cells into the surrounding stroma. Additionally, these tumours display …
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Identifying Children with Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMR-D) Syndrome in the Expanding Lynch Syndrome population in Cape Town
… a tumour spectrum including colorectal cancers, high-grade gliomas, non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphomas and leukaemias. It is characterized by biallelic germline mutation of one of four possible MMR genes resulting in loss of protein expression that can be identified by applying immunohistochemistry to …
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Molecular Consequences of High Taz Expression In Gliomas
<p>Diffuse high grade gliomas are complex and lethal neoplasms of the adult central nervous system that are driven by a range of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Molecular classification of these tumors has identified different transcriptional subtypes, the most notable being Proneural (PN) and …
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Targeting the formyl peptide receptor 1 for treatment of glioblastoma
Background and Aims Gliomas account for over half of all primary brain tumours and have a very poor prognosis, with a median survival of less than two years. There is an urgent and unmet clinical need to develop new therapies against glioma. Recent reports have indicated the overexpression of FPR1 …
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Automatic detection and segmentation of brain lesions from 3D MR and CT images
… T1- and T2-weighted MR images with low and highgrade gliomas using true positive volume fraction (TPVF), false positive volume fraction (FPVF) and false negative volume fraction (FNVF). The atlas-based method is also presented and relies on the assumption that abnormal brain tissues appear …
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The Investigation of Targets for Therapy in Brain Tumours
Gliomas are among the most difficult of tumours to treat. Their highly invasive nature leads to recurrence even after aggressive therapy including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A promising target for new therapies are tyrosine kinases, because they regulate a large range of proteins …
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Targeting Unique Domains of Lsd1 Regulates Pediatric Glioma Innate Immunity and Nk Cell Metabolism
… new modalities such as immunotherapy. Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) often possess mutations in histone coding genes that cause aberrant histone methylation and gene expression. Cells derived from these patient’s tumors display growth inhibitory sensitivity to epigenetic drugs targeting …
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Novel Oncogenic Drivers in Pediatric Gliomagenesis
<p>Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs), with a two-year survival rate of less than 20%, are some of the most aggressive human cancers. This dissertation begins with our analysis of 127 pHGGs, including brainstem (BS) and non-brainstem (NBS) tumors, from 118 patients using next-generation …
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MRI at 3 T of brain functions and fibre tracts adjacent to intracranial tumors
… (FA) can distinguish tumor-infiltrated edema of gliomas from pure edema of meningiomas and metastases (Paper 4). Results: Strict somatotopic organisation in the primary sensory cortex was shown in the group average; at the subject level the thumb was located laterally, anteriorly and inferiorly …
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Bioengineering-enhanced neurosurgical solutions
… topic of nanodrugs for adjuvant chemotherapy in high-grade gliomas, the most aggressive primary brain tumours. The use of hyaluronic acid nanoshells is proposed to encapsulate prodrugs and exploit the mechanisms of interaction between glioma cells and hyaluronic acid, a natural component of …
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Pharmacological Inhibition of LSD1/KDM1A in Diffuse Midline Glioma Models and Impact on Kinase Signaling
<p>Diffuse Midline Gliomas (DMG) occur in the midline structures of the brain such as the brainstem. DMG, a subset of pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs), confers poor prognosis in children with survival rates below two years post-diagnosis. This is heavily due to limited treatment options as …
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An automated classification system to determine malignant grades of brain tumour (glioma) in magnetic resonance images based on meta-trainable multiple classifier schemes
The accurate classification of malignant grades of brain tumours is crucial for therapeutic planning as it impacts on the tumour’s prognosis, where the higher the malignancy levels of the brain tumour are, the higher the mortality rate is. It is also essential to provide patients with appropriate …
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Decoding mechanisms of brain tumour initiating cell adaption and tumour growth
… characteristics which positively correlate with higher brain tumour grade and worse clinical prognosis. The glioma stem cells (GSCs) in GBMs are responsible for therapeutic resistance and tumour recurrence. Loss of the TRIM3 tumour suppressor in human brains increases stem-like properties, …
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Expression profile of multidrug resistance genes and proteins in cancerous and stem cells
… improved knowledge and advanced treatments of high-grade gliomas, the overall survival rate of glioma patients remains low due to the recurrences and locations of the tumour. Evidence shows that the existence of a subpopulation of cells - cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be the major obstacle in …
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Development and Evaluation of Brain Tumor Targeted Liposome Delivery System for Paclitaxel
… common cause of cancer-related deaths. High-grade gliomas are the most common type of primary brain cancer, and the affected patients have a median survival of less than 1 year. Almost all malignant gliomas are incurable with the present standards of healthcare. Currently accepted …
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The role of retinoic acid in glioma growth control
… of the central nervous system are known as gliomas, arising from the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells or from glial progenitor cells. Although a relatively rare diagnosis, there is disproportionate morbidity associated with a glioma diagnosis, owing to its diffuse and …
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Development and Characterization of a Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (rVSV) for the Treatment of Glioblastoma
… emerged as a possible option for treatment of high-grade gliomas. Particularly, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV), an enveloped, negative strand RNA virus, has shown promising results in preclinical studies. Tumor selectivity of VSV is thought to be associated with tumor specific …
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Genome-scale Precision Proteomics Identifies Cancer Signaling Networks and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities
… tool for biomedical research. But the highly diverse physical and chemical properties of the protein building blocks and the dramatic human proteome complexity largely limited proteomic profiling depth. Moreover, there was a lack of high-throughput quantitative strategies that were both …
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