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Showing 1 to 20 of 65 for “"hepatotoxicity"”.
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Characterization of the Hepatotoxicity of Rifampicin and Isoniazid
<p>In a mouse model, rifampicin and isoniazid combination treatment results in cholestatic liver injury that is associated with an increase of protoporphyrin ix (PPIX), the penultimate heme precursor. Excess PPIX is believed to bind to bile acids, precipitate in bile canaliculi, and form bile plugs …
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Authentication and investigation of potential hepatotoxicity of Black Cohosh
… this popularity has been tarnished by claims of hepatotoxicity. The investigation of these reports has determined that implicated products did not contain Black Cohosh plant material. Other reports were shown to be incomplete or had other factors contributing. This has led to the suspicion that …
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The use of glutathione in canine itraconazole-associated hepatotoxicity
… with a number of adverse reactions including hepatotoxicity. The mechanism of this toxicity is unknown. As with many drugs, oxidative damage may play an important role in ITZ-associated toxicity. In rodent studies, ITZ administration increases levels of myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide and …
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The Orotic Aciduria of Chemical Hepatotoxicity (Liver Disease, Alcohol, Galactosamine)
Increased urinary excretion of orotic acid has previously been shown to occur as a result of defects in the pathway of utilization of orotic acid or as a consequence of excessive demands on the urea cycle. Orotic acid is a precursor of nucleic acids which may depend on carbamyl phosphate, a product …
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Investigating Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering and Hepatotoxicity Applications
… promise for utilization in tissue engineering, hepatotoxicity studies as well as screening for patient-specific therapeutics. Various reports have concluded that iPSC-Heps exhibit reduced hepatocyte function in comparison to PHHs. Prior reports on iPSC-Heps have focused on improving their adult …
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The Role of Serine Protease Inhibitors in Regulating Hepatotoxicity During Viral Infection
… hepatocytes to perforin and granzyme B dependent hepatotoxicity. To this extent, we examined SPI-6 expression after IFN-alpha treatment and during in vivo adenoviral infection of the liver. To detect changes in SPI-6 gene expression, mRNA and cytosolic protein was isolated from liver and real time …
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Integrated imaging and circulating biomarkers for the assessment of drug-induced hepatotoxicity
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major burden for health care systems and a principal reason for attrition during drug development. Prediction of clinical DILI remains difficult and diagnosis is usually based on exclusion using blood-based biomarkers for cell injury. Currently used chemistry …
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An in vitro and in vivo hepatotoxicity study of an aspalathin- rich green rooibos extract
Hepatotoxicity is an undesirable condition of the liver, often occurring due to the interaction of drugs. Although different methods have been employed in the diagnosis of drug-induced hepatotoxicity, none have accurately proven the hepatotoxic effect of drug-drug interactions or drug-herb …
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Protective effect of dietary antioxidants and plant extracts on acute inflammation and hepatotoxicity in vitro
… inflammation induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hepatotoxicity induced by DEN in vitro. The negative acute phase proteins (APP), transthyretin (TTR) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were used as inflammatory biomarkers analyzed by ELISA, whereas neutral red assay was used for evaluating the …
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Modelling hepatotoxicity in HIV/TB co-infected patients: extensions of the Cox Proportional Hazards Model
Hepatotoxicity which is also known as liver damage is mainly caused by intake of medicine. It is common among patients who are co-administering Tuberculosis (TB) treatment and the antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV). If severe, hepatotoxicity sometimes …
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Development and analysis of an in vitro model of inflammatory cytokine-mediated idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity
… only in large sample populations. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity, occurring in a very small fraction of patients, poses a major challenge to pharmaceutical companies due to its unknown mechanism(s) of action and deficient models for study. In vitro model systems may have the potential to predict …
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Development of a collagen gel sandwich hepatocyte bioreactor for detecting hepatotoxicity of drugs and chemicals
Understanding the hepatotoxicity of drugs and chemicals is essential for progress in academic research, medical science and in the development of new pharmaceuticals. Studying hepatotoxicity in vitro is a challenging task because hepatocytes, the metabolically active cells of the liver, are very …
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Combining a microfluidic platform with LC-MS for the detection of induced hepatotoxicity using primary hepatic spheroids
The success rate of bringing a new drug from conception to market is extremely low as well as time consuming and very costly. Simple sub-cellular models can provide high throughput data allowing early detection of many drugs doomed to fail, but do not encompass the complexity found in whole cell …
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LATE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF NETRIN-1 AND ADENOSINE A2B RECEPTOR ACTIVATION IN THE MURINE ACETAMINOPHEN HEPATOTOXICITY MODEL
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose causes severe hepatotoxicity and the current antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC), has a narrow early therapeutic window. Since most patients present late to the clinic, novel late acting therapeutic options are needed. The neuronal guidance cue netrin-1 has been shown to …
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ΠΕΙΡΑΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΔΙΕΡΕΥΝΗΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΗΠΑΤΟΤΟΞΙΚΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΜΕΘΟΤΡΕΞΑΤΗΣ ΣΕ ΣΥΝΔΥΑΣΜΟ ΜΕ ΑΛΛΑ ΦΑΡΜΑΚΑ
… AN ATTEMPT IS MADE TO STUDY METHOTREXATE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY. SIXTY SIX MALE ALBINO RATS WERE USED. OUR RESULTS ARE THE FOLLOWING: 1. METHOTREXATE- INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IS ENHANCED BY CONCOMITANT ADMINISTRATION OF PHENYLBUTAZONE OR PHENOBARBITAL, 2. PROBENECID ADMINISTRATION CAN PREVENT THE …
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In vivo and in vitro toxicity of M-741 (3,15 di-(5,5-dimethyl-3-N(-(cyclopropylmethylinium)-(N-propylinium));-1-cyclohex-1-enyl);-7,11,18,21-tetraoxa-3,15-diazatrispiro (5.2.2.5.2.2); heneicosane)
… [5.2.2.5.2.2] heneicosane produces hepatotoxicity in rats following intravenous administration. Hepatocellular pathology is characterized by parenchymal cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Electron microscopic evaluation could not identify any treatment-related effects …
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of potential DNA cross-linking agents based on pyrrolizidine alkaloids
… agents. Unfortunately, the high levels of hepatotoxicity induced by these compounds negates their effectiveness as antitumor agents. Modification of the chemical structure of the pyrrolizidine core could yield compounds with potent antitumor activity and reduced hepatotoxicity. The …
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Multi-Cellular Organotypic Liver Models for the Investigation of Chemical Toxicity and Liver Fibrosis
… study two critical aspects of the organ -- acute hepatotoxicity and liver fibrosis. There are tens of thousands of chemicals with undetermined effects on the human body. High concentrations of xenobiotics can cause acute liver damage and failure. Liver impairment can result in multiple organ …
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Paracetamol metabolism in postoperative patients
… cytokine concentration and for evidence of hepatotoxicity. Results: There were 33 patients that participated in the study. There was no evidence of clinically significant hepatotoxicity occurring in any patient during the study period, but there could have been changes following this time. …
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