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Showing 1 to 20 of 66 for “"helicases"”.
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Single molecule fluorescence studies of replicative helicases
DNA helicases are motor enzymes that convert the chemical energy of nucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis into mechanical energy for translocation on single stranded (ss) DNA and unwinding of double stranded (ds) DNA. All of the 12 known replicative helicases are hexameric helicases that are …
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Role of DDX RNA helicases in cancer cells
Ester Cannizzaro ROLE OF DDX RNA HELICASES IN CANCER CELLS Abstract DEAD-BOX (DDX) RNA helicases are a large family of proteins characterized by the presence of a DEAD/H (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) motif. Their main function is to unwind double stranded RNA to promote downstream molecular events. They …
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The Role of The Arched Helicases In Exosome-Mediated Function
<p>RNA processing and degradation are two important functions that control gene expression and promote RNA fidelity in the cell. A major ribonuclease complex, called the exosome, is involved in both of these processes. The exosome is composed of ten essential proteins with only one catalytically …
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Structure and Function of KH Domain in DDX43 and DDX53 Cancer Antigen Helicases
DDX43 and DDX53 are two cancer/testis antigens that are overexpressed in various tumors, but absent or expressed at very low levels in normal tissues; therefore, both are proposed to be valid candidates for therapeutic targets. DDX43 and DDX53 belong to the DEAD-box RNA helicase family, and contain …
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Development of in vitro iCLIP techniques to study spliceosome remodelling by RNA helicases
… events that are caused by the eight spliceosomal helicases. Purified spliceosomes assembled on a defined RNA substrate are analysed by UV crosslinking and next-generation sequencing, which allows for the determination of the RNA helicase binding profile at nucleotide resolution. In vitro …
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THE ROLE OF ADARS-INTERACTING RNA HELICASES IN SHAPING THE RNA EDITOME IN CANCER
… mass spectrometry analysis, we identified 23 RNA helicases as ADARs interactors, most having an unknown role in A-to-I editing. Employing an unbiased transcriptome-wide A-to-I editing analysis, I unravelled that 6 of these ADARs-interacting RNA helicases could reshape the A-to-I editome in a …
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Elucidating the functions of RNA helicases DDX3X and DDX3Y in normal and malignant B cells
DDX3X is an RNA helicase involved in multiple stages of RNA biogenesis, the most well-studied being as a regulator for translation. Its Y chromosome paralogue, DDX3Y shares 92% amino acid conservation. DDX3X is ubiquitously expressed and considered pan essential. While DDX3Y is widely transcribed, …
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Functional Investigation of RNA Viral Helicases as Molecular Targets for the Discovery of Novel Antiviral Agents
… stockpiling, combinatorial therapy. (+)ssRNA helicases, essential for viral replication, are among the most conserved proteins across several viral families, are a molecular class still underexplored, that lacks approved antiviral agents. In this respect, the identification of first-in-class …
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA helicases Mph1, Srs2 and Sgs1 collaborate for the reinitiation of stalled or collapsed replication forks
Das MPH1-Gen aus Saccharomyces cerevisiae kodiert für eine DNA-Helikase, die an der nicht-fehlerbehafteten Überbrückung von DNA-Lesionen durch homologe Rekombination beteiligt ist. Simultane Deletion der Gene MPH1 und SRS2 - das ebenfalls für eine DNA-Helikase kodiert - resultiert im …
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Mechanism and importance of Mcm2-7 double-hexamer formation during DNA replication initiation
… with loading of two heterohexameric Mcm2-7 helicases around origin DNA during G1 phase. The two helicases are loaded in opposite orientations and interact with each other at their N-terminal domains to form a head-to-head "double hexamer". In S phase, the helicases are activated by …
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An ORC Flip Enables Bidirectional Helicase Loading
… by loading two inactive Mcm2-7 replicative DNA helicases around the origin DNA in a head-to-head double hexamer. This conformation prepares the helicases to initiate bidirectional replication upon entry into S-phase. Interactions between three proteins and the Mcm2-7 helicase guide eukaryotic …
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XPD Helicase: Shifting the Inchworm Into Reverse
Directional translocation by helicases results in duplex separation and displacement of bound proteins which allows for the DNA processing events associated with DNA repair, replication, recombination, and transcription. Unresolved questions regarding DNA helicases include: (1) how is directional …
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Effect of Werner and Bloom Helicase Deficiencies On Dna Double-Strand Break Repair
… collapse of stalled replication forks. The RecQ helicases are a family of helicases known to aid in the repair of these DSBs and help maintain genomic stability and integrity. WRN and BLM are helicases in the RecQ helicase family. Mutations in the genes for each helicase result in a severe …
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The role of Orc6 in ORC binding-site switching during helicase loading
… coordinates loading of two Mcm2-7 hexameric helicases in opposite orientations to form the Mcm2-7 double hexamer. These Mcm2-7 double hexamers mark sites of eventual bidirectional replication initiation upon entering S-phase, when activation of these helicases and recruitment of DNA …
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The Biochemical Characterization of Drosophila melanogaster RecQ4 Helicase
… a member of the conserved RecQ family of helicases, is involved in replication and associated with several clinical syndromes. Although biologically important, the biochemistry of RecQ4 has remained elusive. We have expressed and purified Drosophila melanogaster RecQ4 from a baculovirus …
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Single molecule studies of helicase mechanisms
… of the RecQ helicase family, a group of 3’ to 5’ helicases which are homologs of the RecQ protein found in E. coli. Besides the canonical helicase function of unwinding duplex DNA, the RecQ family of helicases is known to preferentially bind to non-canonical DNA structures such as G-quadruplexes …
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HAGE, a novel cancer/testis antigen with strong potential as a target for immunotherapy against cancers
… of the DEAD-box family of ATP-dependent RNA helicases but very little is known about its actual function. RNA helicases are involved in various steps of RNA metabolism and their over-expression has often been linked with tumorogenesis. Using a combination of silencing and transfection …
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Single-molecule studies of eukaryotic helicase loading
… origins of replication. Once loaded, the helicases encircle dsDNA and are linked in a head-to-head double hexamer. Although the proteins involved in helicase loading are known (ORC, Cdc6, and Cdt 1), the mechanism by which they load two oppositely-oriented helicases and ensure their proper …
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Vulnerability to G - Quadruplexes in BRCA2 - Null Medulloblastoma: A Protective Role for the PIF1 Helicase
… we identified that several G4-resolving helicases are upregulated in tumor. Of these helicases, the PIF1 helicase was present in tumor and absent from normal cerebellum, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target that could selectively affect tumor cells. To assess the role of PIF1 …
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