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Showing 1 to 17 of 17 for “"hair bundles"”.
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Robustness Enhancement of Sensory Transduction by Hair Bundles
… robust to parameter perturbation. The sensory hair cells of the cochlea are physiologically vulnerable: small changes in parameter values could compromise hair cells' ability to detect stimuli. Most ears, however, remain highly sensitive despite differences in their physical properties. I …
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Daple Orients and Patterns Sensory Hair Bundles in the Inner Ear
… two systems regulate the planar polarity of the hair bundle. The core planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins coordinate the orientations of hair cells across the epithelial plane. The cell-intrinsic patterning of each hair bundle is implemented independently by a G-protein complex comprising the …
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Hair Bundles of a Jawless Vertebrate Employ Tetrapod-Like Tuned Mechanical Amplification
… transduced by an elegant organelle called the hair bundle. Deflections of this structure apply forces to mechanically gated ion channels. Hair bundles are not passive receivers of stimuli, but are instead active participants in the process of sensory transduction. They expend chemical energy to …
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Finite-element analysis of inner ear hair bundles: a parameter study of bundle mechanics
Inner ear hair cells have been identified as the sites of mechanoelectrical transduction from a mechanical event (e.g. hearing, motion) to an electrical event (e.g. neural response). Deflection of bundles of hair-like stereocilia extending from these cells has been associated with the transduction …
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A Computational Study into the Effect of Structure and Orientation of the Red Ear Slider Turtle Utricle on Hair Bundle Stimulus
… shown to respond to linear acceleration (1949). Hair bundles (and hair cells), which are the mechano-electric transducers found within otoconial organs, respond to displacement of the overlying otoconial membrane (OM). Structure, position and orientation of the OM within the head may influence …
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Mechanical Control of Sensory Hair-Bundle Function
<p>Hair bundles detect sound in the auditory system, head position and rotation in the vestibular system, and fluid flow in the lateral-line system. To do so, bundles respond to periodic, static, and hydrodynamic forces contingent upon the receptor organs in which they are situated. As the …
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Measuring sound-induced motions of the alligator lizard cochlea
… of the entire basilar papilla and of individual hair bundles of hair cells were simultaneously measured. The basilar papilla, in which the hair cells reside, moved as a rigid body, exhibiting simultaneous translational and rotational modes of motion. Both modes apply shearing forces to hair …
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The functional role of tectorial membrane poroelasticity in cochlear mechanics
… matrix that overlies the mechanically sensitive hair bundles of sensory receptor cells in the inner ear. Based on this strategic position, it has long been accepted that the TM plays a critical role in the stimulation of sensory hair cells. Early measurements demonstrated elastic properties of …
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Hair Bundle Stiffness in the Turtle Utricle: Structural and Regional Variations
Vestibular hair cells are mechanotransducing sensory receptors in the vertebrate inner ear that detect movement and orientation of the head with respect to gravity. The morphologies of their ciliary bundles vary greatly for different species, endorgans, and within the same endorgan. Bundle …
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A Computational Study on the Structure, Dynamics and Mechanoelectric Transduction of Vestibular Hair cell
The hair cell, a specialized cell in the inner ear, is responsible for hearing and balance. The hair cell is an exquisite sensor that captures mechanical stimuli and generates neurosensory signals. A theory called gating theory has been developed and widely used to analyze the experimental data of …
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Tuning of the Active Hair Bundle
… upon a population of several thousand sensory hair cells to amplify and transduce acoustic, seismic, and kinesthetic signals. Each hair cell detects mechanical disturbances by means of its hair bundle, a motile organelle consisting of actin-filled, villous projections (called stereocilia) …
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Tension Propagation Along Tip-Link Cadherins: Regulation and Implications for the Auditory System
<p>Hair bundles detect sound by shearing in response to vibrations spanning orders of magnitude in intensity and frequency. Their responsiveness stems from mechanosensitive ion channels that sit atop the stereocilia and are gated by tension in tip links. Experimental evidence and theoretical …
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Experimental Measurements of Vestibular Hair Bundle Stiffness in the Red Ear Slider Turtle Utricle
… organs, sensory receptors in the form of hair cells detect motion and send a message to the brain for interpretation. Hair cells found in different parts of the inner ear are structurally different and are mechanically specialized to perform different functions. In this study, the linear …
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The Cellular Basis for Hearing
Hair cells constitute the cellular basis for hearing. Their primary role is to convert mechanical signal into electrical signal through the ion channels, called ``mechano-electrical transducer (MET) channels'', in the hair bundles of hair cells. Another important function of hair cells is to …
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The Role of the Stereociliary Glycocalyx in Hair Bundle Cohesion
<p>The sensory hair cells of the inner ear are exquisitely sensitive machines that translate the broad dynamic range of sound intensities in our auditory landscape into the electrical language of neurons. The mechanosensitive organelle of the hair cell is the hair bundle, a cluster of linked, …
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Light Stimulation of Sensory Hair Cells
<p>Hair cells are the mechanosensory detectors that underlie our senses of audition and balance. Their mechanosensitivity arises from direct gating of force-sensitive ion channels by the tension in tip links located at the tops of the stereocilia. The study of hair cells and their mechanically …
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The Nanomechanics of Protocadherin 15, A Protein Essential for Human Hearing
… of mechanotransductive ion channels atop the hair bundles in the inner ear. A mechanical element called the gating spring modulates the mechanotransduction channel's open probability by changing the force transmitted to the channels. The molecular identity of the gating spring is yet …