Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"glial scar"”.
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hepatocyte growth factor inhibits glial scar formation and
Formation of glial scars physically impedes growth of regenerating axons following CNS injuries such as spinal cord trauma. Glial scars also produce various species of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) that act as a potent inhibitor of axon growth. Thus, inhibition of glial scar formation …
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MODIFYING CHONDROITIN SULFATION ENHANCES RETINAL GANGLION CELL AXON REGENERATION
… proteoglycans (CSPGs) accumulate within the glial scar that forms at the lesion site in response to the insult. CSPGs inhibit axonal growth and regeneration, an action mediated by their sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, especially those with 4-sulfated (4S) sugars. Arylsulfatase B …
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Characterizing hydrogel imposed strain fields on brain tissue phantom for use in neural implant device coatings in presence of micromotion
Glial scar tissue forms in the brain as a response to the implant injury and hampers the effectiveness of the implant treatment. Constant relative micromotion between the mechanically mismatched neural implant and brain tissue is thought to play a key role glial scar formation. This study …
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A biocompatible, local drug delivery platform for the chronic treatment of neurological disorders of the brain
… approach to treat circuit diseases of the brain. Glial scar is a major barrier to neural probe function. A main objective of this thesis is focused on understanding the process of glial scar formation from a materials perspective. Micromotion and mechanical mismatch are thought to be key drivers …
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Spinal cord regression via collagen entubulation
… analyses showed severe fibrous and glial scar formation in Groups I and III, less fibrous scarring in Group II and very little scar manifesting in Groups IV and V. A quantitative analysis of myelinated axons in the center of the explants corresponded with the assessment of scar as a …
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Studying the glial cell response to biomaterials and surface topography for improving the neural electrode interface
… after implantation due to the development of glial scar tissue (Polikov et al., 2006; Zhong and Bellamkonda, 2008). The long-term effect of chronically implanted electrodes is the formation of a glial scar made up of reactive astrocytes and the matrix proteins they generate (Polikov et al., …
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Modulating Neuroinflammation with Porous Templated Scaffolds
… Via the foreign body reaction, macrophages and glial cells develop a “glial scar” around implants, increasing electrode impedance and leading to time-dependent declines in electrode performance. During the first two years of my PhD, I worked with Dr. Bill Shain to study the brain’s foreign body …
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A tailored biocompatible neural interface for long term monitoring in neural networks
… probe properties affect the development of a glial scar and neuronal cell death surrounding probes. After many cycles of testing – refinements, promising recordings of neural activity were obtained in both cerebellum and cortex cerebri (papers I-III). In paper IV, we evaluated the importance …
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Altering Inhibitory Extracellular Matrix Promotes Remyelination
… highly upregulated by astrocytes as part of the glial scar and restrict axonal regeneration. The role of injury-induced CSPG deposition on OPCs and remyelination is far less understood. In this thesis, I characterized a potent inhibitory phenotype of murine OPC adhesion and process outgrowth …
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In vivo responses of neural progenitor cells to extracellular matrix signaling under pathological conditions
… this was done without causing an exacerbated glial response or glial scar. In paper II we used a similar biomaterial with another naturally occurring sequence, RGDS, de-rived from fibronectin. In this study, we were interested in the potential of the RGDS-peptide amphiphile as a possible cell …
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An investigation into the characteristics and potential therapeutic application of human neural progenitor cell-derived astrocytes in experimental spinal cord injury
… presence of a physical barrier presented by the glial scar and the development of fluid-filled cystic cavities) at- and around the lesion site. Over recent years, increasingly more detailed knowledge has been gained that demonstrates the potential for axonal regeneration within the nervous system …
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The Glial Response to Focused Ultrasound-mediated Permeabilization of the Blood-brain Barrier: Evaluating the Potential Contribution of Microglia and Astrocytes to Pathology and Regeneration
… Outlier clusters (MORPHIOUS), to quantify microglial and astrocytic activation. MORPHIOUS is a machine learning tool that detects clusters of activated glia in histological sections by referencing control sample cell morphologies. As validation, identified clusters of activated microglia and …
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Vigorous orientated fibre outgrowth of adult sensory axons after microtransplantation into the central nervous system grey matter : an investigation into orientation and possible growth substrates
… the notion that the inhibitory molecules of the glial scar might play a greater role in preventing regeneration after CNS injury. In this context, two transplantation studies conducted by Silver and colleagues seemed ground-breaking: with the help of a special microtransplantation technique, …
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Development of Combinatorial Strategies Employing Neural Stem Cells and Polymer Scaffold for Spinal Cord Repair
… at the lesion site. Cavity wall is surrounded by glial scar and severely impedes axonal regrowth. Therefore, any regenerative strategy could be complemented with an attempt to bridge lesion cavities. In the current study, we implanted poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds to facilitate …
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The Role of Extracellular Matrix and Matrix-Degrading Proteases in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury
… lectican deposition over time likely leads to glial scar formation and a reduced capacity for neuroplasticity. Two subsequent series of experiments were conducted to determine the relative contributions of matrix-degrading proteases to injury, and whether proteolytic activity was associated …
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Functionalised self-assembled peptide hydrogel for cell transplantation
… the attenuation of the size of primary glial scar to half that of a stab injury(control), with increased organisation of astrocytes with fewer hypertrophic and intertwined processes within the scar, and a change of morphology to a cytotrophilic phenotype. This is essential to successful …
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Functionalised self-assembled peptide hydrogel for cell transplantation
… the attenuation of the size of primary glial scar to half that of a stab injury(control), with increased organisation of astrocytes with fewer hypertrophic and intertwined processes within the scar, and a change of morphology to a cytotrophilic phenotype. This is essential to successful …
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Effects of Dip-coated films on the Properties of Implantable Intracortical Microelectrodes
… This RTR culminates in the formation of a tight glial scar and a loss of neuronal density around implanted ICMs, and is accompanied by a decrease in signal to noise ratio and an increase in impedance. While no comprehensive mechanistic understanding of the underlying biology is currently agreed …
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Promoting bridging axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury
… of the central nervous system. These specialised glial cells are found in the olfactory system and are associated with the physiological restoration of neuronal circuitry in the first cranial nerve of the adult. There is conflicting evidence on the extent to which OECs promote long distance axonal …
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Repulsive cues and signalling cascades of the axon growth cone
The aim of the work described in this thesis is to investigate the nature and mechanisms of action of repellent cues for growing axons. In particular I try to resolve the controversy in the literature regarding the need for protein synthesis in the growth cone in response to external guidance cues. …