Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 36 for “"genome replication"”.
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ATR SIGNALING IN GENOME REPLICATION AND MAINTENANCE
DNA replication is essential for cell survival. During DNA replication, cells encounter many challenges, such as dNTP depletion, transcription intermediates, chemical adducts, double strand breaks, and heterochromatin. Replication stress induced by these challenges activates the sensor kinase ATR …
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Structural Basis For Poliovirus Cloverleaf-Mediated Regulation Of Genome Replication
… short, positive-sense single-stranded RNA genomes. During the viral replication cycle, it is critical that the virus generates the appropriate amounts of viral proteins and genomic RNA. Upon entry in the cell, the viral genome is first used as a template for translation of viral genes and …
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Widespread Phosphorylation of H2AX by Adenovirus Requires Viral Genome Replication and the E1B-55k or E4orf3 Proteins
… and E4orf3 proteins prevent recognition of viral genomes as a substrate for DNA repair by targeting members of the sensor complex composed of Mre11/Rad50/NBS1 for degradation and relocalization, as well as targeting the effector protein DNA ligase IV. Despite inactivation of these cellular sensor …
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Characterization of an Amphipathic Alpha-Helix in the Membrane Targeting and Viral Genome Replication of Brome Mosaic Virus
… membranes of host cells to establish viral replication complexes. The replication protein 1a of brome mosaic virus associates strongly with the nuclear endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, invaginates membranes into the lumen, and recruits various host proteins to establish replication …
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ANALYSIS OF HUMAN DNA MISMATCH REPAIR IN THE CHROMATIN ENVIRONMENT
Mismatch repair corrects errors made during DNA replication and inactive mismatch repair is associated with Lynch Syndrome and sporadic cancer. Genome replication in eukaryotes is accompanied by chromatin formation. The first step in chromatin establishment is nucleosome assembly, that starts with …
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Norovirus Translation and Replication
… were purified from clinical stool samples. HuNoV replication was tested in different cell types. The B-cell and intestinal organoids culture systems were validated. In addition, using organoids culture a DNA-based reverse genetic system was shown to recover infectious HuNoV. Due to the challenges …
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A tale of two microbes: Computational investigations of biological processes in escherichia and methanosarcina at multiple scales
… growth, homeostasis, metabolism, replication, and response to stimuli---result from concerted function of the physical and chemical interactions of thousands to trillions of molecules interacting with one another. In principle, the governing equations for a biological system could …
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The effect of phosphorus and nitrogen limitation on viral infection in microcystis aeruginosa NIES298 using the cyanophage Ma-LMM01
… and nitrogen limitation on phage and host replication was evaluated through modification of <em>M. aeruginosa</em> culture media. Growth of the host cells was monitored by culture light absorbance at 600 nm, while phage (genome) replication was quantified using real-time quantitative PCR …
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Understanding the determinants for substrate recognition, regulation of enzymatic activity and the development of broad-spectrum inhibitors of coronavirus 3-chymotrypsin-like proteases
… form the replicase complex machinery for viral genome replication. Due to its indispensable role in coronaviral replication, 3CLpro is an attractive drug target. Moreover, high sequence conservation in the vicinity of active site among 3CLpro proteases from different coronavirus subclasses make …
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RNA replication by poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: effects of residue 5 on elongation complex stability and processivity
… enzyme that is responsible for the replication of the viral genome. PV genome replication is much more involved than just repetitively incorporating a single nucleotide into an oligonucleotide primer. The polymerase must first go through multiple steps of initiation before processive …
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Role of basic and hydrophobic residues in the poliovirus polymerase elongation complex and the structure of a coxsackievirus polymerase elongation complex
… a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) for genome replication. This enzyme synthesizes negative-sense RNA from the infecting positive sense genome producing a replicative intermediate. The negative sense RNA then serves as a template for synthesis of additional positive-sense RNA. To …
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Role of DNA replication timing in gene expression and chromatin organisation
… conserved temporal pattern. This pattern of DNA replication is altered during development and differentiation and can be dysregulated in cancers. While temporal changes in genome duplication are associated with altered transcription and chromatin organisation, it is still unknown whether DNA …
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Investigating the dynamic nature of biomolecular condensates that support rotavirus replication
… rotaviruses (RVAs) induce the formation of viral replication factories, termed viroplasms, where new viral particle packaging and genome replication occur. The formation of such factories is driven by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of an intrinsically disordered phosphoprotein NSP5, which …
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Establishing DNA combing to investigate DNA replication stress in vitro
… replicate their DNA utilizing multiple DNA replication sites known as origins of replication. DNA is replicated to provide each daughter cell a complete copy of the genome. Replication proceeds bi-directionally from a minority of potential origins licensed for replication by a variety of …
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Bacteriophage PRD1 as a potential surrogate for adenovirus in drinking water disinfection with free chlorine, low pressure ultraviolet light, and sunlight
… because of its similar size, morphology, and genome replication mechanism. The objective of this research was to compare the inactivation kinetics of PRD1 with that of adenovirus when exposed to free chlorine, low pressure ultraviolet light, and solar disinfection to determine if PRD1 is an …
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Phase Separation Mediated Compartmentalisation of Rotavirus Replication
… cytoplasmic inclusions that function as sites of genome replication and viral particle assembly in rotaviruses. Intrinsically disordered proteins are key drivers of LLPS. In rotaviruses, the disordered protein NSP5 binds the RNA chaperone NSP2, viral RNAs and other viral proteins to form …
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GCD10 and GCD14 Proteins Facilitate Tomato Bushy Stunt Viral (TBSV) RNA Replication in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
… (TBSV) is a positive-sense RNA virus and its genome replication requires two viral proteins, p33 and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase p92. Previous studies showed that the 5 untranslated region (5UTR) of the genome is important, albeit not essential, for viral RNA replication in plants. Here, my …
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Using the single-cycle flavivirus particle replivax to study flavivirus replication and immune response
… in a single round of infection, where the replication of genome leads to the production of subviral particles (SVP) and NS1 antigens that are highly immunogenic and induce an antiviral immune response without causing disease. The overall goal of this dissertation was to understand the …
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Mechanistic analysis of the Zika virus translation-replication switch
The genomes of positive-sense RNA viruses are required for both translation and replication during infection. These two processes are antagonistic in nature, each requiring the RNA template in opposite directions. Thus, the balance between these processes during infection must be tightly regulated. …
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Comparative study of the kinetics and mechanisms of adenovirus and bacteriophage PR772 inactivation by disinfectants used for global safe drinking water
… analyze stages of the HAdV-2 and PR772 replication cycles that are able to distinguish between untreated viruses, partially inactivated (~90%) viruses, and inactivated up to 99.99%; (3) determined what stages of the HAdV-2 and PR772 replication cycles became inhibited after free chlorine …
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