Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 66 for “"genome integrity"”.
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Essentiality of Mitochondrial Genome Integrity in Cell Survival
The mitochondrial genome encodes 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and 13 polypeptides that are subunits of the electron transport chain involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Because of its proximity to source of ROS generation and its non-chromatinized structure, mitochondrial genome is continuously challenged …
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Role of replication proteins in the maintenance of genome integrity
Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:45:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 LIN-DISSERTATION-2020.pdf: 29214283 bytes, checksum: 1364055a0e8936c8ce925146a446267b (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4209 bytes, checksum: 9b580efe2ef6653456ae9b36dad2dc2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-11-20
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Integration of ATM, ATR, and DNA-PKcs Signaling Maintains Genome Integrity During Neurogenesis
… complex DNA lesions arise to maintain genomic integrity. ATM, ATR, and DNA-PKcs (encoded by PRKDC) are related phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase like serine/threonine kinases (PIKK) that collectively regulate the DDR network. Studies have demonstrated these kinases can phosphorylate many of the …
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DDX47 and MECP2, two novel human functions controlling R-loop-mediated genome integrity
La integridad del genoma es un requisito indispensable para la correcta transmisión de la información genética de una célula a su descendencia. De hecho, evolutivamente, nuestras células han desarrollado numerosos procesos que actúan de forma coordinada para evitar o resolver amenazas que puedan …
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STING safeguards epithelial genome integrity and protects from carcinogenesis via mitotic checkpoint control
… STING as an epithelial, interferon-independent genome-integrity checkpoint that couples DNA damage signaling to cell-cycle control, thereby restraining chromosomal instability, tumor evolution, and providing a therapeutically exploitable vulnerability in cancer therapy.
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Stabilization of Topoisomerase 2 Mutants Initiates the Formation of Duplications in DNA
… 2 (Top2) is an enzyme that helps maintain genome integrity by resolving topological structures that arise during cellular processes such as replication and transcription. To resolve these structures, a Top2 dimer creates a transient double-strand break (DSB) in the DNA. Each subunit forms a …
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The Adenylate-Uridylate-Rich element RNA binding protein ZFP36L1 suppresses replication stress-induced genomic instability
… DNA replication fidelity and stability of the genome. Recently, a small number of AU-RBPs have emerged as key figures in the maintenance of genome integrity through mechanisms that govern the replication stress response and DNA repair. Herein, we report that treatment with low doses of …
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UHRF1 and the DNA Damage Response
… importance of Mus81-Eme1 enzyme in DNA repair, genome integrity, and tumor suppression, little is known about how the enzyme acts together with other components of signaling pathways that comprise the DNA damage response. My findings in chapter two characterized this interaction and linked …
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Understanding the activation mechanism of the Chk1 kinase
… into two daughter cells are essential to ensure genome integrity and cell survival. Genome integrity is constantly threatened by endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage. Consequently, eukaryotic cells have evolved the DNA damage response (DDR), a signalling network that monitors and …
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Responses to transposon activity and genome damage during germline development
… genetic elements, like transposons, and the host genome take place. Excessive transposon activity fulfils the selfish drive of transposons to increase in copy number in the host genome but can impair genome integrity and functionality, thereby threatening the faithful transmission of genetic …
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Discovering GCNA: A Novel Regulator of Germline Genomic Stability
… effects from becoming pervasive throughout the genome. The mechanisms underlying the robustness of germ cells in the face of DNA damage, however, are poorly understood. We initiated an in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen for genes highly enriched in the Drosophila female germ line. From this …
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THE DNA DAMAGE CHECKPOINT REGULATES MISMATCH REPAIR COMPLEXES DURING SINGLE STRAND ANNEALING PATHWAY
By threatening genome stability, endogenous and exogenous sources have the potential to alter the fundamental building blocks of genetic information. The vast majority of lesions are single-strand DNA breaks caused by physiological processes such as DNA replication or oxidative stress during …
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Higher Order Chromosome Organization and Recombination Dynamics of Meiotic Prophase I In Mouse Spermatocytes
… pathway towards maintaining germline genomic integrity are poorly understood <em>in vivo</em>at endogenous sites, especially in a mammalian system. More importantly, how germline genome integrity is ensured at both the DNA level by recombination activity and by higher order chromosome …
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Mechanisms underlying genome maintenance and tumour suppression by BRCA2
… BRCA2 acts as a tumour suppressor by maintaining genome integrity through its functions during DNA replication, repair and chromosome segregation. Neither the mechanisms underlying these functions, nor their significance to tumour suppression, is well understood. In this thesis, I report studies …
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Characterization of interplay among DNA repair, histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation and small interfering RNA pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans
… sequences has been proposed to maintain genome integrity in different species. Histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) has been shown to play an important role in mediating the formation of heterochromatin. In our lab, we use Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to study the …
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THE IMPACT OF REPLICATION STRESS ON THE EPIGENOME OF MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
… embryogenesis. To maintain cell identity and genome integrity, epigenetic marks are faithfully inherited during DNA replication through tightly coordinated processes. Our recent work demonstrated that disruption of DNA replication, known as replication stress, can expand the cell fate of mouse …
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MULTI-ORGAN FAILURE DRIVEN BY TELOMERE UNCAPPING
… fusions, with dramatic consequences for genome integrity and cell fate. The impact of TRF2 depletion is context-dependent, causing distinct outcomes in different cell types, however the systemic effects of acute TRF2 loss have remained poorly characterized. In this work, we adopted an …
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Analysis of DIE5 and LIA5 reveals the importance of DNA repair in programmed DNA rearrangement of Tetrahymena thermophila
… cell eukaryote Tetrahymena thermophila undergoes genome-wide programmed DNA rearrangement to eliminate transposon-like elements from its future soma. This process involves small RNA-directed heterochromatin formation followed by extensive nuclear reorganization to form subnuclear domains. While …
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Unveiling Dna Polymerase Synthesis And Proofreading Activities - One Molecule At A Time
<p>DNA polymerases maintain the genome integrity from one generation to the next by faithfully synthesizing new DNA and by participating in DNA repair processes. The Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase I has served as a model polymerase for decades because it is straightforward to purify, …
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p53 aggregation, interactions with tau, and impaired DNA damage response in Alzheimer's Disease
… many important cellular functions involved in genome integrity, including cell cycle control, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. Disruption of p53 results in a wide range of disorders including cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a …
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