Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 76 for “"fracture risk"”.
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Understanding vertebral fracture risk in astronauts
… affect spinal loading, a key aspect of vertebral fracture risk, but no prior studies have examined how spinal loading is affected by long duration spaceflight. Moreover, the effect of spaceflight on vertebral strength has not been determined, despite reports of significant vertebral trabecular …
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IMPACT OF MILD AUTONOMOUS CORTISOL SECRETION ONVERTEBRAL FRACTURE RISK
… and skeletal complications, including fragility fractures, even in the absence of overt Cushing's syndrome. However, the impact of MACS on vertebral fracture (VFx) risk and the potential benefit of adrenalectomy on skeletal outcomes remain incompletely defined. This thesis aimed to: (1) evaluate …
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Hip fracture risk predictions by x-ray computed tomography
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Program in Medical Engineering and Medical Physics, 1988.
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MUSCULOSKELETAL STRENGTH, FALL AND FRACTURE RISK IN EARLY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
… To evaluate the course of recovery in fall-risk and functional status over the first year following a distal radius fracture (DRF), and evaluate differences in fall and fracture risk factors in women over the age of 50 years with a DRF compared to their non-fractured peers. Methods: Two …
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Dynamic models of human falls for prediction of hip fracture risk
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1995.
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Effect of Physical Activity on Bone, Muscle and Fracture Risk during Growth
Osteoporosis and related fractures are a global health problem. Physical activity, especially during growth, has been suggested as a strategy to improve musculoskeletal health in the population. Previous prospective pediatric exercise intervention studies, however, are short-term, mostly covering …
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Epidemiological investigations of biomarker and dietary relationships with osteoporosis and fracture risk
Diet may aid osteoporosis and fracture prevention as it is modifiable, but limited evidence for a role of vitamin K1, vitamin C and iron exists, despite suggestions of potential underlying mechanisms. Positive associations between these nutrients and bone health have been reported in population …
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Effects of Marathon Training on Male and Female Femoral Stress Fracture Risk
<p>Marathon runners are prone to femoral stress fractures due to the high magnitudes and frequencies of lower extremity loads during training. Female runners tend to have a greater incidence of stress fracture compared to male runners. Sex-specific differences in body structure, joint pressure, and …
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Bone Mass Preservation and Fracture Risk Assessment with Bisphosphonate Therapy During Spaceflight
… of bone due long-duration spaceflight increases fracture risk, jeopardizing the success of the mission and postflight recovery. Bisphosphonates may be able to counteract this bone loss by altering the remodeling process. These drugs increase bone mass, thus reducing fracture risk, but also lead …
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Assessment of hip fracture risk in astronauts exposed to long-term weightlessness
… There exists an important need to quantify the fracture risk associated with this loss. Methods: Using computational modeling, the factor of risk for hip fracture (applied load divided by failure load) was assessed following 0, 6, and 12 months of weightlessness for: 1) the mid-stance phase of …
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The Influence of Physical Activity on Musculoskeletal Characteristics and Fracture Risk at Growth
… activity can perhaps however lead to more fractures. This is a longitudinal population-based exercise intervention study where the school-based physical education (PE) in one school is increased from mean 60 min/week to mean 200 min/ week. We registered fractures in all children during 6 …
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Role of the RUNX2 rs59983488 variant in bone mass determination and fracture risk in Malta
… leading to an increased fragility fracture risk. The Runt-related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2) protein encoded by the RUNX2 gene is involved in the maturation and differentiation of osteoblasts and chondrocytes that are, crucial for endochondral bone formation. The RUNX2 …
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Analysis of the forces on the spine during a fall with applications towards predicting vertebral fracture risk
Age-related vertebral fractures are a common public health problem for the elderly with an estimated 27 percent of U.S. women aged 65 years and over thought to have at least one vertebral fracture. It is important, therefore, to characterize the "at risk" patient and to find methods of reducing …
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Lateral and Posterior Dynamic Bending of the Mid-Shaft Femur: Fracture Risk Curves for the Adult Population
The purpose of this study was to develop injury risk functions for dynamic bending of the human femur in the lateral-to-medial and posterior-to-anterior loading directions. A total of 45 experiments were performed on human cadaver femurs using a dynamic three-point drop test setup. All 45 tests …
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Tibial-fibular morphology: variation, sexual dimorphism, and mechanical implications
Stress fractures are common injuries among runners and military personnel associated with the mechanical fatigue of load-bearing bone. The tibia is the most frequently fractured site and females are at much greater risk than males. Bone geometry and density are hypothesized risk factors for stress …
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Genetics of Osteoporosis - Studies on bone size, structure and strength in the rat
… leading to reduced bone strength and increased fracture risk. Several heritable components affect a bone’s ability to resist fracture, including size, structure and strength; therefore identification of the genes underlying several bone characteristics will help elucidate the pathogenesis of …
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Risk assessment for osteoporotic fractures among men and women from a prospective population study: the EPIC-Norfolk study
Osteoporotic fractures are a major and increasing clinical and public health concern internationally. Identification of individuals at high risk for fragility fractures may enable us to target preventive interventions more effectively. In this thesis, I aimed to evaluate novel risk factors for …
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Using finite element models under multiple loading conditions to improve the association between radius and tibia microarchitecture and prevalent osteoporotic vertebral fracture
… between individuals with a prevalent vertebral fracture and healthy controls. As fracture is a result of mechanical failure, FE models of these sites in physiologically relevant loading conditions (compression, torsion, bending) may reveal insight into fracture pathogenesis uncaptured by …
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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CONCOMITANT USE OF BISPHOSPHONATES AND SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS AND INCREASED RISK OF OSTEOPOROTIC-RELATED FRACTURES: AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
… osteoclasts are responsible for the reduction in fracture risk. SSRIs, however, are associated with increased fracture risk through decreasing osteoblasts and increasing osteoclastic activity. These effects of SSRIs could attenuate the beneficial effects of BPs. This dissertation describes the …
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Interactions Between Aging and Chronic Kidney Disease on the Skeleton
… are each independently associated with higher fracture risk, and thus overlaying CKD in the aging population presents an additive fracture risk. Cortical porosity is a central tenet underlying skeletal fragility and occurs in CKD and aging. Previous research on cortical porosity has focused on …
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