Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"extrasynaptic"”.
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Connectomics of extrasynaptic signalling: applications to the nervous system of Caenorhabditis elegans
… that long-distance chemical signalling via extrasynaptic volume transmission is also critical to brain function. As these interactions are not visible in the physical structure of the nervous system, current approaches to connectomics are unable to capture them. This work addresses the …
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State-dependent changes in astrocyte regulation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signaling in neurosecretory neurons
… presence of glutamate NMDA receptors at extrasynaptic sites (eNMDARs), their functional roles remain poorly understood. Factors influencing the concentration and time course of glutamate in the extrasynaptic space, such as the topography of the neuronal–glial microenvironment, as well as …
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Specifying molecular determinants of the subcellular targeting of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA A receptors
… and sub-membrane segregation of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA-A receptors. My data demonstrate that the synaptic targeting of g2-containing GABA-A receptors does not depend on the cytoplasmic TM3-TM4 domain of the g2 subunit. This result was actually surprising, until Alldred et al published …
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Synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurons: regulation of nuclear shape and cell fate
… activity is counteracted by overactivation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. Calcium influx through these receptors leads to a rapid loss of nuclear infoldings. It also activates pathways leading to the shut-off of CREB and to cell death. I attempted to dissect the intracellular pathways …
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Probing spatial and subunit-dependent signalling by the NMDA receptor
… of Ca2+ influx, NMDAR location (synaptic vs. extrasynaptic) as well as the subtype of the GluN2 subunit. Despite the recognition that NMDAR mediated physiology is multifaceted, tools used to study subunit and location dependent signalling are poorly characterized and in other cases, …
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Investigating the role of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors located in the infralimbic cortex in the binge-like alcohol intake of male C57BL/6J mice
Extrasynaptic GABAA receptors, often identified as those containing both α4 and δ subunits, appear to be a target for the actions of alcohol (ethanol) at relatively low concentrations, perhaps suppressing the activity of GABAergic interneurons which regulate activity in the mesolimbocortical …
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Neuroprotection from the huntingtin-repressed transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α
… and excitotoxic stress in vitro whereas extrasynaptic NMDAR expression is increased in HD. Excessive NMDAR activity, specifically through extrasynaptic rather than synaptic NMDARs, leads to excitotoxic death in neurons and its regulation has been targeted in the search for therapeutic …
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Super-resolution imaging of glutamate receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons under basal and LTP conditions
… NMDARs, however, are found in both synaptic and extrasynaptic regions. The ratio of synaptic/extrasynaptic population of the two NMDAR subunits (GluN2A and GluN2B) are found to be very different. This ratio is known to be significant in neuronal function/dysfunction. We also quantified this ratio …
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Rapid diffusion in the brain extracellular space - biophysical constraints and physiological implications
… synaptic responses. Modelling also predicts that extrasynaptic transporters have little effect on fast synaptic transmission through AMPARs and NMDARs. However, they influence the responses of high‐affinity extrasynaptic receptors, such as NMDA or metabotropic receptors. Conversely, intra‐cleft …
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Building and characterising the neuropeptidergic connectome of Caenorhabditis elegans
… and neuropeptides, which primarily act through extrasynaptic volume transmission. Neuromodulation is critical to nervous system function in all species, yet little is known about the structure and function of extrasynaptic signalling networks at a whole-organism level. Here I present data and …
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The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain
… These results indicate that both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAA receptors are altered by ethanol, but that its effects are dependent on circuitry. Posttranslational modification may occur to account for differences seen between gene expression and receptor binding density results seen here.
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Endogenous neurosteroid actions at GABAA receptors during neuronal development
… GABA release and “tonic” whereby high-affinity extrasynaptic GABAARs are persistently activated by ambient GABA. GABAARs exhibit a rich pharmacology and are the target for a number of clinically useful compounds including benzodiazepines, barbiturates and certain general anaesthetics. In …
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A Structural and Computational Study of GABAA Receptor Diversity
… used to structurally characterize synaptic and extrasynaptic receptors isolated from cells expressing various combinations of $\alpha$1, $\alpha$4, $\beta$3, $\gamma$2 and $\delta$ subunits. I discovered that, from a pool of two or more subunits, individual cells can assemble more than one …
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Modulating System xc- Activity As A Treatment For Epilepsy
… or antisense xCT, resulted in a 60% reduction in extrasynaptic glutamate in the nucleus accumbens. Additionally, investigations in tumor-associated epilepsy revealed that overexpression of SXC seen in glioblastomas lead to higher levels of peritumoral glutamate, neuronal excitotoxicity, and …
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Effects of perinatal phencyclidine treatment on neuronal viability, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor regulation and schizophrenic-like behaviors
… specific aim 3 to show that the synaptic or extrasynaptic localization of NMDA NR2A and 2B receptors may dictate function and neuronal susceptibility to cell death. Finally, the purpose of specific aim 4 is to demonstrate that neurotoxicity underlies the development of behaviors which model …
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Signaling Mechanisms That Control Gap Junctional Coupling Between Retinal Neurons
… in phosphorylation is mediated by activation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors associated with Cx36 gap junctions on AII amacrine cells and by Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation. Finally, these studies indicated that coupling is regulated locally at individual gap junction …
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Dopaminergic Inputs to the Amygdala: Differential Innervation of Interneurons and Convergence With Cortical Afferents
… that DA modulates RCx inputs primarily via extrasynaptic mechanisms. The lateral ICN is primarily innervated by RCx/TCx afferents. Selective innervation of the ICNs by mPFC and RCx/TCx excitatory afferents, and their neuromodulation by dopamine, have important implications in mediating …
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RABPHILIN3A: FROM NMDA RECEPTOR MEMBRANE DYNAMICS TO NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
… and led to increased surface levels of GluN2A at extrasynaptic sites. In addition, RPH3A mutants induce defects in NMDAR activity at synaptic sites, affecting postsynaptic calcium and glutamate influx at dendritic level. Collectively, this PhD work identifies Rph3A as a molecular marker of …
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Il trattamento neonatale con estradiolo modifica l'espressione e la funzione dei recettori GABAA e la sensibilità allo stress nel ratto adulto
… animals, associated with increased expression of extrasynaptic α4/δ subunit-containing GABAARs and tonic currents. Moreover, the same treatment altered the expression of synaptic receptors containing α1/α4/γ2 subunits as well as phasic currents. The changes in the expression and function of …
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Nucleus accumbens GABAA receptor-mediated inhibitory transmission: Relevance to early life stress and addiction
… the magnitude of a tonic current mediated by extrasynaptic α4βδ GABAARs. This effect of 5α-DHP was due in part to it being metabolised to the GABAAR active 5α3α, but also involved an additional action. The effect of progesterone on the tonic current was independent of a GABAAR-modulatory …
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