Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"expected utility theory"”.
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From Subjective Expected Utility Theory to Bounded Rationality
… categorization, which in the standard economic theory has received until now no attention, and on its implications for decision making. The three experimental studies conducted in this work provide empirical evidence that individuals don not behave according to the perfect rationality and …
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Harvesting behavior of perennial cash crops: a decision theoretic study
… and to describe the behavior with decision theory. The first objective was achieved by surveying a sample of 240 farmers. Fear of theft and immediate money needs were the reasons why most farmers harvested their crop at a premature stage. A logit probability model was used to explain this …
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Theory of Decision Based on Structural Health Monitoring
… rather than on rigorous evaluations of the expected monitoring system effectiveness. In this doctoral thesis, I apply expected utility theory for the development of decision support systems to be used in structural health monitoring and I develop a procedure for the design of structural …
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Consumers' purchasing behaviour under risk and uncertainty: three essays on food authenticity
… with standard theories of decision making (i.e. Expected Utility Theory and Subjective Expected Utility Theory). In the HGV setting, non-monetary lotteries are used. Participants bid for a high-quality seafood product, but there is a chance (known or unknown) they receive a lower quality seafood …
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Controlled and automatic processes in Pavlovian-instrumental transfer
… S-O-R account of PIT against a propositional expected utility theory, which suggests that PIT effects reflect verbalizable inferences about the probability and value of each outcome. Chapter 1 reviews the relevant literature. Chapters 2-4 then report 11 experiments that aimed to set the S-O-R …
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Fighting for frames or prospects for peace? : building a prospect theory model of ethnic civil war termination
… for one side. Recently, scholars have employed expected utility theory and the security dilemma to construct models of how ethnic combatants choose between settling their differences at the bargaining table or on the battlefield. Rooted in the rational choice paradigm, these models draw upon …
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The Challenge of Modifying Deviant Behavior: Restructuring Incentives in Renegade Regimes
… the expectations of rational choice and expected-utility theory with prospect theory in the decision calculus of renegade regimes. Finally, this thesis creates a basic model for limited prediction by combining expectations of prospect theory with the incentive offsetting/incentive …
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Problem-Independent Regrets on Expectation-Dependent Multi-Armed Bandits
… and Morgenstern [50] is the cornerstone of the expected utility theory. However, some empirical experiments show that the IA is often violated in the real world. We propose a new kind of multi-armed bandit problem where the expectation of outcomes may influence the agent’s utility which we call …
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Essays on Futures Trading Under Non-Standard Assumptions
… models and contrast them to the standard utility model in futures markets. Specifically the rationality assumption is relaxed and more reasonable assumptions about agents' decision context are considered in three studies on the behavior of hedgers and traders. Hedging behavior in futures …
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Experiential and Neurobiological Influences on Economic Preferences and Risky Decision Making
… with stable preferences and try to maximize the expected utility when facing risky decision-making problems, behavioral economics and neuroeconomics offer research strategies that help us explore the factors that influence economic preferences and risky decision-making process. This dissertation …
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Preference modelling approaches based on cumulative functions using simulation with applications
… Mean Variance Model (MVM) consistent with Expected Utility Theory (EUT) plays an important role in ranking preferences for various alternative options. Despite its wide use, this model is appropriate only when random variables representing the alternative options are normally distributed …
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Decision value of confidence intervals versus significance testing in surgical research: a mixed methods study
… more useful than p-values. A modified formula of expected utility theory has been presented to account for a skill’s conditional effect on a decision’s outcomes.
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The choice-theoretic characterizations of risk changes and risk attitudes in cumulative prospect theory : a stochastic dominance approach
… The emergence of the cumulative prospect theory (CPT), developed by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) and Tversky and Kahneman (1992), provides a prominent alternative to the expected utility theory. This thesis aims to provide a choice-theoretic characterization for risk changes and risk …
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Essays on public policy and consumer choice : applications to welfare reform and state lotteries
… consumer demand for lottery games respond to expected returns, as maximizing behavior predicts, or do consumers appear to be misinformed about the risks and returns of lottery gambles? Analyses of multiple sources of micro-level gambling data demonstrate that lottery spending does not …
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A new swarm optimal collective searching behaviour framework using decision-making under risk
… However,those decision models are based on the Expected Utility Theory (BUT) and tend tooptimize the outcome value of the utility function; in other words, the logical decisionprocesses used in these models are rational and risk avert and they perform poorlywhere risk is associated with the …
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Fire prevention and risk aversion among informal urban dwellers in Cape Town
… The empirical analysis is performed within the expected utility theory specification, assuming constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) defined over the lottery prize. We tests the hypothesis that risk averse individuals will take precautionary measures in as far as possible to mitigate the risk …
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Essays on contract theory and behavioral economics
This thesis is a collection of essays on contract theory and behavioral economics. Chapter 1 proposes a model of choice under risk based on imperfect memory and self-deception. The model assumes that people have preferences over their own attributes and can, to some extent, manipulate their …
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The puzzling behavior of equity returns: The need to move beyond the consumption capital asset pricing model
… to consider an alternative model that replaces expected utility theory with endogenous prospect theory and the Rational Expectations Hypothesis with an Imperfect Knowledge Economics representation of forecasting behavior. I find that my alternative model performs better than the consumption CAPM …
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Prospective Balance: Loss Aversion and Consistency in International Relations
Prospective Balace is an interactionist systemic theory that utilizes the concepts of non-additivity and non-linearity to better explain the incidence of cooperation and conflict. The theory argues against neorealism in which the distribution of power in the international system purports to explain …
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Portfolio optimization with quantile-based risk measures
… we analyze Portfolio Optimization risk-reward theory, a generalization of the mean-variance theory, in the cases where the risk measures are quantile-based (such as the Value at Risk (V aR) and the shortfall). We show, using multicriteria theory arguments, that if the measure of risk is convex …
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