Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 73 for “"excitotoxicity"”.
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Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule neurones
Neuronal death due to excitotoxicity and oxidative stress is a critical part of several major disease processes, including ischaemic brain damage and Alzheimer’s disease. This study used cultures of cerebellar granule neurones as a model for investigation of these processes, considering both their …
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The induction of long-term potentiation attenuates kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity
The activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDARs) is required for the long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD) of excitatory synaptic transmission at hippocampal CA1 synapses, and plays an important role in learning and memory. In addition, it is accepted that …
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Angiotensin II Modulation of NMDA Receptor Function: Characterization of Mechanisms Attenuating Excitotoxicity in Neurons
… exposure to NMDA in a dose-dependent manner. Excitotoxicity in N1E cells was inhibited by the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801. Further, NMDA receptor-mediated cell death was attenuated by Ang II in NG108 cells. A concentration-dependent decrease in intracellular Bcl-2 protein …
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Exzitotoxizität im ZNS bei Mausmutanten mit veränderten Glutamatrezeptoren
Excitotoxicity is a detrimental condition that accompanies acute brain damage such as stroke. Extensive studies have documented that excitotoxicity is mediated by the NMDA receptors and the excessive Ca2+ influx triggered by prolonged NMDA channel activation. However, the contribution to …
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Non-canonical Activation of CREB/crh-1 Mediates Neuroprotection in a <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Model of Excitotoxic Necrosis
<p>Excitotoxicity, which is a major cause of neurodegeneration in brain ischemia, can also activate neuroprotective pathways. A frequently suggested neuroprotective cascade involves the activation of the transcription factor CREB by its phosphorylation, but on its own this mode of CREB activation …
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Screen for Suppressors and Enhancers of Excitotoxic Neurodegeneration
<p>Excitotoxicity is an important and frequently observed neurodegenerative process. Excitotoxicity mediates brain damage in a range of diseases and conditions including stroke, and is triggered by excessive stimulation of glutamatergic synapses. In spite of extensive studies, the molecular …
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Glutamate Excitotoxicty Activates a Novel Calcium Permeable Ion Channel in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
Glutamate excitotoxicity is the predominant mechanism implicated in neuronal cell death associated with neurological disorders such as stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury and ALS. Excessive stimulation of NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptors leads to protracted intracellular calcium elevations …
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Neuroprotection from the huntingtin-repressed transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α
… to increase extrasynaptic NMDAR activity and excitotoxicity in a non-additive way, suggesting common regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore exogenous PGC- 1α expression is sufficient to reverse this increase in extrasynaptic NMDAR currents and excitotoxicity by mtHtt. This thesis adds mechanistic …
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Mechanisms Mediating Adaptive Presynaptic Muting Induction
… as occurs during stroke or seizure, is known as excitotoxicity. One method utilized by neurons for reducing excitotoxicity within an overly activated neuronal network is to arrest excitatory neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals. The mechanisms responsible for inducing this …
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An investigation of the neuroprotective properties of fenamate NSAIDs, against experimental model of ischemic stroke
… shown to reduce glutamate-evoked cell death (<em>excitotoxicity</em>) in a concentration-dependent manner in cultured embryonic rat hippocampal neurons. Similarly, selected other fenamates also reduced excitotoxicity in the rank order (from highest): mefenamic acid > flufenamic acid ≥ meclofenamic …
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The development of a method to deliver neuroprotective peptides specifically into stroke-affected neurons
… cell death, a phenomenon appropriately termed excitotoxicity. Among the events triggered is the activation of the enzyme calpain, a protease whose action is dependent on the intracellular concentration of calcium, which is known to be elevated during excitotoxicity. In this thesis, I …
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Rapid neuronal responses during spreading neurotoxic and neuroprotective network activity
… receptors that trigger neuronal cell death (excitotoxicity). In this study, we have used dissociated hippocampal neurons cultured on coverslips and within novel microfluidic devices to study neuronal responses, both functional and morphological, to prolonged exposure to glutamate.<br/><br/>We …
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Investigating the Roles of DAPK, p53/CEP-1, and Mitochondrial Damage in Necrotic Neurodegeneration in C. elegans
… Most of the damage is attributed to excitotoxicity, where an accumulation of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the synapse overstimulates postsynaptic neurons and ultimately leads to cell death (largely by necrosis). Stroke treatments are often ineffective, due to the delay between …
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ORGANOIDS AS TOOLS TO STUDY BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
… magnesium (Mg) were investigated with a focus on excitotoxicity and neurodevelopment. Indeed, Mg is known to play crucial role in the CNS. It protects the CNS from inflammation, from excitotoxicity driven by NMDA-R over-activation, it has positive effects on the BBB integrity and it is involved in …
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Antioxidant Biomarkers and Nutraceutical Therapeutics in Neurodegeneration and Neurotrauma
… disruption, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein aggregation, axonal degeneration, and resulting neuronal death. These processes deplete the body’s endogenous antioxidant system. We report a retrospective analysis of antioxidant blood biomarkers …
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MECHANISMS OF NEUROPROTECTION IN SCN2.2 CELLS
… brain that exhibits endogenous resistance to Glu excitotoxicity. A previous study demonstrated that SCN2.2 cells (an immortalized SCN cell line) were resistant to Glu excitotoxicity as compared to GT1-7 neurons (from the neighboring hypothalamus). This thesis explored the cellular mechanisms …
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Probing spatial and subunit-dependent signalling by the NMDA receptor
… greater neuronal vulnerability to NMDA-dependent excitotoxicity. Collectively, this work enhances our understanding of the complex physiology mediated by the NMDAR by determining how pharmacological tools are best utilized to study the roles of NMDAR location and subunit composition in addition to …
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Role of the lateral olivocochlear efferent system in hearing : selective lesioning studies
… dopaminergic transmission controls glutamate excitotoxicity of auditory nerve dendrites after acoustic overexposure.
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