Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 28 for “"excitatory synapses"”.
-
Impact of Second Messenger Modulation on Activity-Dependent and Basal Properties of Excitatory Synapses
… and static properties of rat hippocampal excitatory synapses using electrophysiological and optical approaches. We focused on two second-messenger pathways that potentiate transmission: cAMP and diacyl glycerol: DAG) signals. In parallel, we also compared the effects of manipulating …
-
Effects of Neuronal Nogo-A on Properties of Excitatory Synapses of the Sensorimotor Cortex
… input. To examine the roles of Nogo-A at the excitatory synapse of the neocortex, we used RNAi directed against Nogo-A and delivered it to the developing rat sensorimotor cortex via AAV2/8, a neurotropic vector. This resulted in lowered density of dendritic spines, which are known to house …
-
cpg2 encodes a brain- and synapse-specific protein that regulates the endocytosis of glutamate receptors
… localized to a postsynaptic endocytic zone of excitatory synapses, often in the vicinity of clathrin-coated pits. I further show that, through its C-terminal coiled-coil motifs, CPG2 binds to the actin cytoskeleton and to endophilin B2, a member of a family of proteins involved in membrane …
-
Inhibitory synapses are repeatedly assembled and removed at persistent sites in vivo
… of learning and memory. Removal or addition of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs onto a neuron can affect their relative influence on excitation in specific dendritic segments, and ultimately regulate neuronal firing. However, the structural dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory synapses …
-
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF APPETITE AND ENERGY BALANCE
… neurotransmitter release at both inhibitory and excitatory synapses. The conditional deletion of ELKS caused significant obesity, driven by sustained day-and-night hyperphagia. Deletion of ELKS in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, but not in other key feeding nuclei, also caused obesity and …
-
Scaling of unitary synaptic strength in the context of network dynamics
… transmission from the standpoint of neighboring synapses, the post synaptic cell itself, or the network of neurons in which it is situated. The work presented here practices both approaches, by identifying a new molecular mechanism to which the quantal size of excitatory synapses can be …
-
Interaction of Quantal Inhibitory and Excitatory Neurotransmission in Regulation of Synaptic Homeostasis via Molecular Signaling
… is undeniably shaped by individual neurons and synapses. The type of synapse between any two given neurons determines the reliability, speed, and strength of signal transfer. Therefore, studying the organization and signaling capacity of the variety of synapses present in our nervous system is …
-
Investigating the Molecular Function of APP Interacting Proteins in Synaptic Neuromodulation
… thesis aimed to characterise CNTN4’s role in excitatory synapses and its significance to neurological disorders. We first investigated the effects of CNTN4 and APP on neurite outgrowth using neuronal-like cell models, assessing downstream effects on genes associated with synaptic plasticity. …
-
Synapse Dysfunction Induced by Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated Shank3 Mutations
… to regulating both the function and structure of excitatory synapses and Shank3 genetic mutations have been described in people affected with ASD. However, currently little is known about the effects of ASD-associated mutations in Shank3 on synapse structure, function and plasticity. The work in …
-
Investigating Experience-Dependent Plasticity in the Accessory Olfactory Bulb
… of excitation and inhibition at reciprocal synapses between mitral cells (MCs) and local interneurons. The mechanisms underlying these changes remain controversial. Moreover, it remains unclear whether MC-interneuron plasticity is unique to specific behaviors, such as mating, or whether it …
-
Rapid diffusion in the brain extracellular space - biophysical constraints and physiological implications
… models have shown that, in central glutamatergic synapses, changes in extracellular diffusivity or glutamate transporter functions exert significant influences on the excitatory transmission. Failures of transporter functions have also been related to neurological disorders. The underlying …
-
Pannexin-1 modulates short-term synaptic plasticity by facilitating endocannabinoid transport
… in the hippocampus at both inhibitory and excitatory synapses due to its actions as a transporter of the endocannabinoid/ endovanilloid, anandamide (AEA). Regulation of synaptic AEA concentrations is critical to homeostatic control of neurotransmitter release since AEA can act both at …
-
Visualizing inhibitory and excitatory synapse dynamics In vivo
… know that even in the mature brain inhibitory or excitatory connections can be made and broken, modifying the information flow within a circuit by enabling or removing specific information channels. However, the properties of inhibitory and excitatory synapse dynamics are not well understood. To …
-
Analysis of neural circuits in vitro
… an investigation of dopaminergic modulation of excitatory synapses in small circuits of neurons grown on glial micro islands. We found that dopamine transiently depressed excitatory synaptic transmission. Scaling up to larger circuits of neurons proved more challenging, since finding connected …
-
Regulation of Molecular Composition at Glutamatergic Synapses
… for the formation of functional glutamatergic synapses. Here I examined the clustering of presynaptic (Brain-Specific L-Proline Transporter, PROT) and postsynaptic (N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Glutamate Receptor, NMDAR) molecular markers in rat hippocampal cultured neurons. PROT localized specifically …
-
Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Excitatory Synaptic Transmission
At synapses, the sites of communication between neurons, neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic cell and binds to postsynaptic receptors on another. In the case of excitatory synapses, the predominant neurotransmitter, L-glutamate, binds to postsynaptic AMPA receptors (AMPARs). …
-
Experience-Dependent and Input-Specific Regulation of Neocortical Circuit Development by Genes Linked to Neurodevelopmental Disorders
… synaptic function, indicative of immature synapses. Sensory deprivation by contralateral whisker trimming normalizes callosal input strength, suggesting that experience-driven activity of postsynaptic Fmr1 KO L2/3 neurons weakens callosal synapses. Unlike callosal inputs, synapses …
-
Analyzing Ultrastructural characteristics of Post-synaptic targets of pre-identified Presynaptic Boutons in layer 3 and layer 4 of the Ferret Primary Visual cortex
… bigger pre-synaptic elements correlate to bigger synapses and bigger post-synaptic elements. We compared these two different layers because they receive synaptic inputs from different sources. Layer 4 is known to receive feedforward inputs from the thalamus, while layer 3 receives input from layer …
-
The neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) promotes excitatory synapse formation through increasing insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor signaling
… of intellectual disability. NCAM2 is enriched at excitatory synapses and is involved in synapse maturation and maintenance. The role of NCAM2 in the regulation of synaptogenesis, however, remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that NCAM2 promotes synaptogenesis through regulating insulin and …
-
The investigation of the neuronal and synaptic defects in early stage of amyloid-beta pathology
… 2 (Mdm2). PSD-95 is required for facilitating excitatory synapses and the surface expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors induced by Aβ. Inhibition of PSD-95 corrects these Aβ-induced synaptic defects and alleviates seizure activity in APP/PS1 mice, …
Page 1 of 2