Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"excitatory synapse"”.
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Visualizing inhibitory and excitatory synapse dynamics In vivo
… know that even in the mature brain inhibitory or excitatory connections can be made and broken, modifying the information flow within a circuit by enabling or removing specific information channels. However, the properties of inhibitory and excitatory synapse dynamics are not well understood. To …
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The neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) promotes excitatory synapse formation through increasing insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor signaling
… of intellectual disability. NCAM2 is enriched at excitatory synapses and is involved in synapse maturation and maintenance. The role of NCAM2 in the regulation of synaptogenesis, however, remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that NCAM2 promotes synaptogenesis through regulating insulin and …
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Effects of Neuronal Nogo-A on Properties of Excitatory Synapses of the Sensorimotor Cortex
… input. To examine the roles of Nogo-A at the excitatory synapse of the neocortex, we used RNAi directed against Nogo-A and delivered it to the developing rat sensorimotor cortex via AAV2/8, a neurotropic vector. This resulted in lowered density of dendritic spines, which are known to house …
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BDNF and Astrocyte TrkB.T1 Signaling as a Mechanism Underlying Astrocyte Synapse Interactions in Motor and Barrel Cortex
Synapses are the fundamental units of communication in the brain, and their proper development and function are critical for cognitive processes and behavior. While the development of glutamatergic synapses has been extensively studied, the mechanisms underlying the formation of the tripartite …
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Identification of a Role for Huntingtin in the Control of Synaptic Connectivity in Circuits Disrupted by Huntington’s Disease
… study, I examined the role of wild type Htt in synapse formation and maturation synapses in the basal ganglia circuit, and I examined how loss of wild type Htt function may affect the pathogenesis of HD. To do so, I created conditional deletions of Htt in the mouse brain by crossing a floxed …
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The Role of MEF2 Transcription Factors in Neocortical Circuit and Synapse Development In Vivo
… to their proper layers and then undergo robust synapse proliferation to maximize contacts with presynaptic partners. Synapses are dynamic structures subjected to an equilibrium of formation and elimination rates to preserve meaningful and prune superfluous synapses, respectively. A neuron …
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Effects of MDGA2 Reduction on Synaptic Long-Term Depression and Development in Male Mice
MDGA2, an autism-linked synapse organizer, restricts excitatory synaptogenesis by inhibiting neurexin-neuroligin adhesion complexes and BDNF/TrkB signaling. Mdga2+/- mice, modeling autism-associated mutations, show increased excitatory synapse density and hyperexcitation in adulthood, resulting in …
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The Impact of pH on the Structure and Function of Neural Cadherin
… processes including tissue morphogenesis, excitatory synapse formation and dynamics, and metastasis of cancer. During neurotransmission and tumorigenesis, fluctuations in extracellular pH occur, causing tissue acidosis with associated physiological consequences. Studies reported here aim to …
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Inhibitory synapses are repeatedly assembled and removed at persistent sites in vivo
… of learning and memory. Removal or addition of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs onto a neuron can affect their relative influence on excitation in specific dendritic segments, and ultimately regulate neuronal firing. However, the structural dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory synapses …
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Pharmacological inhibition of CK2: the effect of an FDA designated orphan drug on pathology, neuroinflammation, and glial phenotypes in Huntington’s disease
… aggregation, increased DARPP-32 expression and excitatory synapse density, restored homeostatic astrocyte phenotypes and ameliorated neuroinflammation and microgliosis, altogether resulting in improved motor behavior. These results support CX-4945 as a strong candidate for a targeted therapy to …
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Three-Dimensional Single-Molecule Localisation Microscopy and Visualisation Techniques
… which make up the basic structural unit of an excitatory synapse, however, through the sensitivity of 3D DH-PSF imaging, we were able to observe the presence of diffuse PSD95 protein. We have developed a series of quantitative imaging analysis algorithms to compare the role of inter and intra …
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Identification and Characterization of Novel Mechanisms of Functional and Structural Synapse Remodeling: Focus on Vav Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors and MEF2 Transcription Factors
… elimination, maintenance, and plasticity of synapses. During early postnatal development, excess synapses are formed in most neural circuits, which are subsequently pruned during adolescence in a sensory- and activity-dependent mechanism. The brain also exhibits experience-dependent synaptic …
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Synapse Dysfunction Induced by Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated Shank3 Mutations
… investigations into understanding the roles of synapse dysfunction in the pathogenesis of ASD. Shank3 is a postsynaptic scaffolding protein that is essential to regulating both the function and structure of excitatory synapses and Shank3 genetic mutations have been described in people affected …
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS REGULATING SPINE REMODELLING
N-Cadherin plays an important role during dendrite arborisation, axon guidance and synaptogenesys. In particular, at synaptic sites, it is required for activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and dendritic spine remodeling. Recent studies have shown that N-Cadherin can be cleaved by the …
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The effects of anaesthetic agents on synapses of lymnaea stagnalis (L.)
… been shown that GABA and Glutamate can be both excitatory and inhibitory, and injection of GABA into Lymnaea has been shown to result in behavioural changes in feeding, locomotion, escape reactions, male mating and respiration. Injection of Na-thiopentone into the whole animal was carried out in …