Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 26 for “"excess risk"”.
-
An evaluation of small-area statistical methods for detecting excess risk: with applications in breast and colon cancer mortality in Scotland 1986-1995
… small numbers consistently appears. Is there an excess risk or is it down to chance? This is a question which is paramount in small-area statistics and will be addressed in this thesis. An overview of the thesis is provided below: Chapter 1 introduces the concept of small-area statistics and some …
-
The role of the sociocultural context in explaining variance in incidence of psychosis and higher rates of disorder in minorities.
… has accrued to establish variance in psychosis risk across both geographical locations and demographic characteristics such as the excess risk in migrants and their descendants. Yet, the causes of this variation in rates between places and ethnic groups are still unclear, and I aimed to address …
-
Essays on the Financial Sector Inefficiencies
… price distributions. These externalities lead to excess risk taking and leverage in the financial sector. Excess risk taking behavior deteriorates welfare of both depositors and banks in a stochastic economy. I show that a restricted social planner is able to improve welfare by limiting the …
-
A quantitative risk assessment of exposure to nitrates in drinking water and thyroid disorders in East Anglia, United Kingdom
… nitrates in drinking water and goitre, the risk assessment framework was used to estimate lifetime excess risk of thyroid cancer in East Anglia given widespread nitrate contamination of drinking water sources in the region. Thyroid cancer was used as a proxy for goitre given that malignancy …
-
Health among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Questioning Teens in Hawai‘i: The Role of Social Support in Reducing Problematic Alcohol Use and Suicide Attempts
… outcomes and increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors, tobacco, alcohol and other illicit drug use compared to heterosexuals. The Minority Stress Model explains this excess risk by positing that unique external stressors in the SM population combine with internal stress responses …
-
Postmarket sequential database surveillance of medical products
… System is designed to identify and assess safety risks associated with drugs, therapeutic biologics, vaccines, and medical devices that emerge post-licensure. Per the initiating legislation, the FDA must complete a priori evaluations of the Sentinel System's technical capabilities to support …
-
Incidence of cancer among residents of high temperature geothermal areas in Iceland: A census based study 1981 to 2010
… sulphide and radon, is associated with the risk of cancer. Design: Observational cohort study where the population of a high temperature geothermal area (35 707 person years) was compared with the population of a cold, non-geothermal area (571 509 person years). The follow up from 1981 to …
-
Empirical Bayes via ERM and Rademacher complexities: the Poisson model
… theoretically optimal for minimizing the regret (excess risk over the Bayesian oracle that knows the prior) have several shortcomings. For example, the classical Robbins estimator does not retain the monotonicity property of the Bayes estimator and performs poorly under moderate sample size. …
-
Evaluation of genetic variants for Type 2 diabetes associated kidney disease in African Americans
… that genetic factors may contribute to the risk of DKD. While apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) G1 and G2 alleles explain approximately 70% of the disparity in non-diabetic ESKD in AAs, they fail to account for the excess risk of T2D-ESKD in AAs. Genetic studies have revealed >70 genome-wide …
-
An Empirical and Theoretical Analysis of the Role of Depth in Convolutional Neural Networks
… minimizes the bias and variance terms of the excess risk. The findings of this thesis imply that increasing depth for interpolating convolutional networks can in fact lead to worse generalization.
-
Information-theoretic bounds in learning algorithms
… goal is to satisfy a pre-specified bound on the excess risk at each time-step. More specifically, the design of the active querying algorithm is based on minimizing the excess risk using stochastic gradient descent in the maximum likelihood estimation setting. Our algorithm and theoretical …
-
Robustness and generalization guarantees for statistical learning of generative models
… but not identical. We devise an empirical risk minimization algorithm based on local worst-case risks, and provide generalization and excess risk guarantees of the learned hypothesis, that are robust to drifts in generative models. Second, we consider the learning of coding schemes, where …
-
Five year rehospitalization outcomes in a cohort of acute ischemic stroke patients: medicare linkage study.
… in a stroke cohort and compare long-term risks of major complications to a matched non-stroke cohort. Methods A cohort design with a matched non-stroke comparison cohort was used. The stroke cohort (SC) was a validated database of acute ischemic stroke patients, 65 years or older, …
-
Molecular Profile of Women With and Without Secondary Breast Cancer After the Treatment of Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma
<p>dentification of genetic risk factors associated with the development of secondary cancers would facilitate identification of at risk patients and permit modification of therapy and heightened surveillance that may reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women survivors of pediatric …
-
Cluster Analysis: Algorithms, Hazards and Small Area Relative Survival
… have been employed to determine if an excess risk occurs near hazardous sources and one of the studies in the portfolio compares the results of using three methods to determine if an increased risk of cancer occurs in the vicinity of landfill sites and electric power lines. This uses …
-
Theoretical essays on bank risk-taking and financial stability
… thesis proposes theoretical models to study bank risk-taking and financial stability. Three issues are explored: (1) the moral-hazard incentive for securitisation, (2) the socially optimal banking structure for the economy, and (3) the relationship between bank competition and financial stability, …
-
Modern k-Nearest Neighbour Methods in Entropy Estimation, Independence Testing and Classification
… and provide a new asymptotic expansion for its excess risk. We also show that, in certain situations, a new modification of the classifier that allows k to vary with the location of the test point can provide improvements. This has applications to the field of semi-supervised learning, where, in …
-
Age and gender differences in risk factor burden, myocardial dysfunction and cardiovascular events in relation to glucose metabolism
The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF) among individuals with diabetes is at least two times greater than in non-diabetic subjects. However, the excess risk of CVD in diabetic subjects seems to decrease with age. As the majority of patients with diabetes, CVD and HF are …
-
The Epidemiology and Management of Hypothyroidism in General Practice
… and overt hypothyroidism had an increased risk of cardiovascular events [Hazards ratios 1.22 (1.12-1.33) and 1.58 (1.44-1.73)] and death [1.29 (1.17-1.42) and 1.45 (1.31-1.62)] compared to euthyroid individuals after adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity and social deprivation. The increased …
Page 1 of 2