Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"escape rate"”.
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Localization, escape rate and delocalization in kinked ratchet potentials
… in the effective potential. Analogous Kramers rate for transition between kinks is derived through simulations under different values of parameters defining the system. Adding tilting to the system with a proper choice of tilting frequency induces stochastic resonance. Delocalization of a …
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Effects of dissipative environments on some quantum systems
… the persistent current of a metallic ring, the escape rate of an electron from a helium surface, and the transition probability of the Landau-Zener level crossing.
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An endogenous search model and its applications
… literature on empirical job search models concentrates on studying the effects of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, and the primary interest has been in male displaced workers. It is usually assumed that displaced workers start to search for new jobs immediately after the separation, treating …
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Thermal activation and macroscopic quantum phenomena in superconducting devices
This thesis is a study of escape from metastable wells in one and two dimensional potentials of superconducting devices. We have measured escape rates due to both thermal activation over the barrier and macroscopic quantum tunneling through the barrier. The measurements were performed for a variety …
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Characterization of Josephson Devices for Use in Quantum Computation
… and through temperature control. The tunneling escape rate of the junction from the states |0> and |1> (zero voltage) to the running state (finite voltage) depends on the occupation probability of the energy levels and served as state readout. Experiments to measure the relaxation time T1 …
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Escape of hydrogen from the exosphere of Mars
… of water vapor by solar UV light, and that its escape can be directly linked to the escape of water from Mars. Theoretical analysis of hydrogen transport in the martian atmosphere suggested a steady escape rate limited by diffusion of hydrogen through the martian atmosphere. Subsequent missions …
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On stochastic completeness of weighted graphs
… with respect to the graph distance as well. 3. Escape rate of the random walk. We provide upper rate functions for stochastically complete random walks in terms of the volume growth function.
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Escape processes far from thermal equilibrium : path integrals and force spectroscopy
Thermally activated escape over a potential barrier is ubiquitous in physical, biological, chemical, and technical processes and its understanding of paramount importance. For example, single-molecule force spectroscopy experiments, and a number of other physical systems are governed by thermally …
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Theory of nonequilibrium transport based on a class of chaotic fluctuations
… the enhancement or suppression of Kramers escape rate, as well as the correspondence between chaotic and stochastic resonance. Moreover, under the condition of free field, we have found interesting connection between the particle dynamics and statistical mechanics, and have uncovered the …
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Effects of dissipative environments on some quantum systems
… the persistent current of a metallic ring, the escape rate of an electron from a helium surface, and the transition probability of the Landau-Zener level crossing. Chapter one contains a general introduction to these physical systems and a brief review of the theoretical methods I shall use. The …
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Stochastic chaos and thermodynamic phase transitions : theory and Bayesian estimation algorithms
… Fokker-Planck equations, we investigate Kramers' escape rate problem. We show that there is a deep analogy between kinetic rate theory and stochastic chaos, for which we propose a novel definition. In Part II, we develop techniques based on Volterra series modeling and Bayesian non-linear …
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The Microcirculation in Trauma and Sepsis
… prostacyclin (PGI2) on PV-loss, transcapillary escape rate (TER) of 125I-albumin and cytokine release. In experimental sepsis, we studied the importance of charge for microvascular permeability and observed the effectiveness of albumin versus Ringer's acetate compared to a hemorrhage model. …
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Deterministic transport: from normal to anomalous diffusion
… the present work the deterministic diffusion generated by simple dynamical systems is considered. The deterministic nature of these systems is more clearly expressed through the dependencies of the transport quantities as functions of systems parameters. For fully hyperbolic dynamical systems …
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Circulating proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans during critical illness
The endothelial glycocalyx is the carbohydrate rich inner layer of the blood vessels. Important components of the glycocalyx are the proteoglycans with their attached glycosaminoglycans. At this location these molecules contribute to the adhesion and transport of leucocytes to inflamed tissue, the …
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Biology and ecology of the predatory mite Iphiseius degenerans (Berlese)(Acari: Phytoseiidae)
… when offered thrips nymphs. Moreover, a high escape rate was observed when prey was considered suboptimal for development and reproduction. The predatory behaviour and prey preference were examined in the second experimental part. The predation rate of I. degenerans is generally low. Further, …
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Kinetics of Brownian Transport
The rate of progress of Brownian processes is not easily quantifiable. An importantmeasure of the ”speed” of Brownian motion is themean first-passage time (FPT) to a given distance. FPTs exist in various flavours including exit- and transition-path times, which, for instance, can be used to …
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Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels
… austenitic stainless steels, constant elongation rate tests (CERT) and sub-critical crack growth (SCG) tests were used to measure the susceptibility and cracking rate. The tests were performed in H$\sb2$SO$\sb4$/NaCl solutions in the pH ranges from 0 to 7 and at temperatures from 25 to …
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Seasonal Variability of Heat and Mass Transport Process in the Upper Tropical Atlantic Ocean: A Numerical Model Study
… numerical model was developed and used to illustrate the seasonal variability of heat and mass transports in the upper tropical Atlantic Ocean, associated with the seasonal movement of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The model ocean was forced by seasonally varying climatological wind …
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Determining The Genotype-Phenotype Connection In Synthetic Inducible Gene Expression Systems
<p><strong>Introduction</strong> Gene expression is an important process whereby the genotype controls an individual cell’s phenotype. However, even genetically identical cells display a variety of phenotypes, which may be attributed to differences in their environment. Yet, even after controlling …
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Characterization of type-II GaSb quantum rings in GaAs solar cells
… light illumination has shown that some photogenerated minority holes from the base region can be re-captured by the QRs, which reduces the Jsc and the Voc. Hence, in this thesis, the carrier dynamics and extraction mechanisms occurring in the GaSb QRs is investigated by photoluminescence …