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Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 55 for “"efflux pumps"”.
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On the Structure and Function of Multidrug Efflux Pumps
… export drugs through the intrinsic activity of efflux pumps. In this work, a summary is provided of our current understanding of the structures and molecular mechanisms of multidrug efflux pumps in bacteria (Chapter 1). The emerging picture of the structure, function and regulation of efflux …
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Analysis of resistance nodulation division efflux pumps in Acinetobacter baumannii
… expressed resistance nodulation division (RND) efflux pump was adeFGH. A collection of A. baumannii isolates from the environment showed decreased susceptibility to at least three antibiotics and expression of three RND efflux pumps (adeFGH, adeABC, adeIJK). From the clinical collection two …
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Structural and Mechanistic Studies of Multidrug Resistance Efflux Pumps in Multiple Families
… is through the activities of multidrug efflux pumps. These pumps remove a variety of potentially noxious compounds from inside the cells of bacteria and other infectious organisms. In this study, I have looked at multiple families of efflux pumps in an effort to answer the most pressing …
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Investigating The Functional Relationships Of RND Efflux Pumps In Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
The RND superfamily of efflux pumps plays vital roles in the intrinsic defence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens. The staphylococci have two genes encoding RND transporters; farE, which promotes efflux of antimicrobial fatty acids, and an uncharacterized gene we have named femT. Although RND pumps …
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The Role of Multidrug Efflux Pumps in the Stress Response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Organic Contamination
… damage due to the upregulation of multidrug efflux pumps. Further study of this PCP-mediated induction of efflux pumps revealed a simultaneous increase in antibiotic resistance. It was discovered that the resistance nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pump, MexAB-OprM, in particular is …
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Computational Study on MFP MexA in MexAB-OprM and RND transporter AcrB in AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pumps
… known as Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR). Molecular efflux pumps are among the major contributors to MDR, recognizing and expelling several noxious compounds into the external medium. In Gram-negative bacteria, efflux pumps of the Resistance Nodulation-cell Division (RND) superfamily are particularly …
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Molecular Mechanisms of Antibacterial Resistance Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Multi-Drug Efflux Pumps and Their Interactions with Other Resistance Mechanisms
The expression of multi-drug efflux pumps belonging to the Resistance-Nodulation- Division family of exporters has been shown to contribute to both intrinsic and acquired resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These pumps are able to recognize and export diverse compounds including several …
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Impact of environmental conditions on expression levels of resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps and outer membrane porins in Acinetobacter baumannii
… as Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) efflux pumps and outer membrane proteins, is regarded to be amongst the most important strategies in the arsenal of this pathogen. Despite considerable efforts being dedicated in the attempt to understand the underlying mechanisms in the development …
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The Chemical Analysis and Biological Activities of the Secondary Metabolites from Dalea mollis and Dalea albiflora
… not limited to, the production of biofilms and efflux pumps. Efflux pumps prevent antimicrobial drugs from reaching their biological target, so the coordinated use of efflux pump inhibitors and antimicrobial drugs has been identified as a potential treatment for multidrug-resistant …
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Prodrug Approach to Improve Oral and Brain Absorption of HIV Protease Inhibitor, Lopinavir
… is to develop prodrug strategies to circumvent efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance associated proteins (MRPs), thereby enhancing oral and brain absorption of lopinavir (LPV). Oral absorption of LPV is severly limited due to low aqueous solubility, intestinal …
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Structural and Functional Study of Multidrug Membrane Transporters
<p>Multidrug membrane transporters (efflux pumps) in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are responsible for ineffective treatment of a wide variety of diseases, including infections and cancer, underscoring the importance of better understanding of their structures and functions for design of …
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of verapamil analogues, reversed isoniazids and hybrid efflux pump inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
… drug degradation, target modification and drug efflux. Drug efflux by efflux pumps (EPs) is one of the major mechanisms responsible for the development of drug tolerance leading to the emergence of drug resistance. These efflux pumps are regulated by the house keeping proteins present in the …
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Structural characterization of superbug proteins involved in regulating beta-lactam resistance
… β-lactams and (3) overexpression of multidrug efflux pumps which actively expunge β-lactams and other toxic substances. The overall goal of this thesis is the structural characterization of bacterial proteins involved in regulating β-lactam resistance. The notorious resistance of …
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DNA repair in bacteroides fragilis
… enzymes, over-expression of multidrug efflux pumps and the conversion of metronidazole to non-toxic derivatives by nitroimidazole nitroreductases (encoded by nim genes). However, metronidazole resistance could also potentialIy be mediated by the over-expression or enhanced activity of …
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Efflux-Mediated Multidrug Tolerance in Replicating Mycobacteria
… residence through the induction of distinct efflux pumps that are also required for intracellular growth. My findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the clinical tuberculosis treatment data gathered over the last 50 years where the length of treatment required for cure correlates with …
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Cloning and characterization of AdeMNO RND efflux pump of Acinetobacter baumannii
… of Resistance-Nodulation-cell Division (RND) efflux pumps in the antibiotic resistance mechanism of A. baumannii. Expression of six different RND pumps was analyzed in clinical isolates of A. baumannii. A novel RND family pump, AdeMNO, was found to be present in a majority of isolates. The …
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Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
… gyrase and/or DNA topoisomerase IV, and (2) drug efflux via unknown transporter proteins. Although previous studies have examined the selection of these resistance mechanisms to varying degrees, a more rigorous and extensive investigation was warranted. The current research aimed to compare the …
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Investigating antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using peptide probes
… of resistance is the expression of a multidrug efflux pump termed MtrCDE, which exports a wide range of antimicrobial agents. Efflux pumps are membrane-bound systems and consequently challenging to study and target with drugs. The transcriptional regulator (MtrR) of the efflux pump, however, is …
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Passive transport through biological membranes
… the membrane of Escherichia coli via influx and efflux pumps. Here we give an unambiguous proof that indole can freely diffuse through intact bacterial lipid membranes. We extend this study to other molecules with self intrinsic fluorescence , like for example the antibiotic norfloxacin and the …
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Macrolide and lincosamide resistance patterns in invasive and colonizing group B streptococcus isolated in Belgium
… of genes encoding RNA methylases (erm) and efflux pumps (mef) was confirmed by PCR. Of the 328 GBS isolates, 109 (33,2%) were resistant to erythromycin. Among these isolates, 102 (93,6%) exhibited the MLS phenotype (resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin); the M phenotype (resistant to …
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