Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"dual-process theories"”.
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Adult age differences in thinking styles and probabilistic reasoning : the effect of natural frequencies
… reasoning performance in the light of dual- process theories of thinking and reasoning, using thinking style measures to investigate whether normative reasoning is indeed most often associated with a tendency to reason analytically, rather than heuristically. The tasks were presented …
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Moral Reasoning and Moral Emotions Linking Hoarding and Scrupulosity
… These results are interpreted in terms of dual-process theories of moral reasoning. Additionally, implications for the conceptualization and treatment of hoarding and scrupulosity are discussed.
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Automatic evaluations of exercising
… and others do not (Ekkekakis & Zenko, 2015). Dual-process theories (Ekkekakis & Zenko, 2015; Payne & Gawronski, 2010) provide another perspective, that is not exclusively influenced by rational reasoning. These theories differentiate two different processes that guide behavior “depending on …
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Essays on Physiological and Psychological Influences of Economic Preferences
… the long-held belief that more intelligent individuals are less risk-averse, finding instead that intelligence reduces behavioral noise and improves choice consistency, without shifting underlying risk attitudes. The third paper examines impulsivity and finds no meaningful relationship between …
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Combating Problematic Information Online with Dual Process Cognitive Affordances
Dual process theories of mind have been developed over the last decades to posit that humans use heuristics or mental shortcuts (automatic) and analytical (reflective) reasoning while consuming information. Can such theories be used to support users' information consumption in the presence of …
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Risk-taking, thinking styles, and criminality: A fuzzy-trace theory perspective
… Tversky & Kahneman, 1986). According to standard dual-process theories, intuition is described as a thought process so quick, it is automatic and, at times unconscious; conversely, analytical thinking is slow and steady, involving analysis and conscious deliberation (Reyna & Brainerd, 2011). …
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Training and dual processes in human thinking
… variety of reasoning tasks and measures of individual differences. Tasks employed were documented in the literature for their differential responding according to heuristic and analytic processes. The reasoning tasks to be utilised in the training studies were also validated. In Chapter 4, two …
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Working memory and food-related decision making
Dual-process theories argue that cognitive processes, and executive functions in particular, underpin controlled, goal-directed, decisions about food intake and choice. A considerable amount of research has been devoted to understanding the role of one executive function, inhibitory control, in …
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Intuition in the context of revelation: a biofunctional approach
… of intuitive behavior. This is mainly because processes underlying intuitive decisions elude conscious awareness and therefore, remain unidentifiable. This elusiveness has in turn resulted in theories basing their objective measurement efforts on what intuition is not rather than what it is. …
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Overcoming Cognitive and Motivational Barriers to Media Literacy: A Dual-Process Approach
… literacy efforts typically emphasize thorough processing of media messages, dual-process theories of persuasion (e.g., Eagly & Chaiken, 1993; Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) suggest this is not always realistic. When motivation or ability is compromised, individuals default to a low-effort processing …
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A Dual-Process Account of Reactions to General and Specific Events: The Roles of Counterfactual Thinking and Pre-Event Expectations
On the basis of a dual-process account of reactions to general and specific cases, counterfactual thinking was hypothesized to occur more frequently in response to specific events than to general events. Cognitive reactions to general events were expected to be influenced by pre-event expectations, …
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Human Decision-Making In Phishing Email Detection: A Dual Process And Cue-Utilisation Approach
… of experiments examining one of the major theories of human decision-making: dual-process theory, and then delves into a cue utilisation approach, as applied to this important, real-world problem. Within this framework, phishing emails are conflict problems where messages are constructed to …
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ADHD and Reasoning Performance: Bridging the Gap between Science and the Classroom
Decision errors occur because faster, Type 1 processes supply an autonomous dominant response founded on beliefs that can be difficult to inhibit and override by slower Type 2 processes correlated with more rational thinking. ADHD is widely associated with primary deficits in inhibitory control …
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When 1 in 200 is higher than 5 in 1000: the "1 in X effect" on the perceived probability of having a Down syndrome-affected child
… studies deliver contrasting results, and theories elaborated on those basis point in diverging directions. These could be summarised in the suggestion, on the one hand, that people tend to neglect denominators in ratios (hence they judge 10 in 100 as larger than 1 in 10: “Ratio-bias” or …
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Investigations of the neural basis of source memory strength
… experience. You may have a memory of the individual items you have encountered. We may also have memories of where those items came from, the source of those memories. Source memory includes elements regarding the perceptual or conceptual context of an item, such as the person who said or wrote …