Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 42 for “"drug-resistant tuberculosis"”.
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Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in South Africa
… treatment-related outcomes in patients with XDR tuberculosis in settings with high HIV prevalence. We reviewed the case records of 227 consecutively diagnosed South African patients with XDR-TB between 2002 and 2008, and analysed the records of another 115 patients, retrospectively, for adverse …
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Age appropriate treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa
<p>Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a threat to TB control globally. South Africa has the third highest epidemic of DR-TB – following only Russia and China, two much more populous countries. South Africa has stringent guidelines for treating DR-TB; however, little is known about adherence to …
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Optimising linezolid use for drug-resistant tuberculosis: pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and resistance
Background: Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) accounts for an expanding proportion of incident global TB cases and is a major barrier to global tuberculosis control. There is a need for more effective, safe, and well-tolerated drugs. Linezolid is a repurposed oxazolidinone antimicrobial …
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Novel therapeutics in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a review
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of Tuberculosis infection (TB). TB is still endemic throughout the World and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, killing over 4,000 people every day. Although a number of antibiotics have been available for the treatment of TB since …
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Efficacy and safety of novel and repurposed drugs for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis
… There is widespread concern about the rise of drug-resistant TB because treatment outcomes of affected patients remain poor and treatment options are limited. After more than a forty-year gap without any breakthrough discovery, several new (bedaquiline and delamanid) and repurposed drugs …
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Conflicted cure: explorting concepts of default and adherence in drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Khayelitsha
… dissertation examines default and adherence in drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa. The ethnographic data is drawn from three and a half months of participant-observation, illness-narrative interviews, in-depth interviews, focus groups, …
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Africa: prevalence and factors associated: a systematic review and meta-analysis
… information regarding prevalence of extensively drugresistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in Africa. Although countries in Africa conduct national tuberculosis surveys on a regular basis, this information has not been systematically reviewed to ascertain the overall prevalence of XDR-TB in Africa. …
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Factors that influence the utilisation of ototoxicity monitoring services for patients on treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis
Multi-drug resistance is increasingly becoming a challenge to tuberculosis control programmes globally. Treatment of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) includes aminoglycoside antibiotics which are known to cause hearing loss. Ototoxicity monitoring services are often provided to patients …
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Prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and associated risk factors among patients in the Northern Region of South Africa
Background: Drug-resistant TB is a major global health threat, driving the ongoing TB epidemic and increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, national tuberculosis (TB) control programmes are challenged by the emergence of drug resistance to more anti-TB drugs resulting in multi-drug …
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Development of an Autologous Human Dendritic Cell Vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Patients with Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Introduction: Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), and resistance beyond XDR-TB (often untreatable), is an increasing public health concern globally. Drug resistance has outpaced the drug development pipeline. Therefore, alternative immunotherapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In …
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Experiences of patients with extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis regarding prolonged isolation in a TB ward at a selected hospital in Namibia.
… the experiences of participants with Extensive Drug Resistance (XDR) regarding prolonged isolation. The participants with XDR-TB are admitted in isolation for a minimum of twenty (20) months in the hospital. Different factors contributed to the participants not adhering to the rules of isolation …
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A study to determine the palliative care needs of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis in the Southern sub-district of Cape Town
… The Palliative Care needs of patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) are under-researched, yet pertinent in the management and control of DR-TB. Most literature reviewed focused on treatment schedules, outcomes, transmission, drug adherence, drug side effects and further …
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Costing analysis of levofloxacin as antibiotic prophylaxis for pediatric household contacts of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients in a South African setting
… that there were approximately 11 000 multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB cases in South Africa. Despite having very clear guidelines on TB treatment programs and management, availability of inexpensive diagnostic tests, curative and preventive therapies, and the widespread use of the BCG vaccines, …
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Molecular epidemiology, susceptibility profiles, outcomes and transmission dynamics in patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in two provinces of South Africa
… TB control in South Africa are being reversed by drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB and XDR-TB), which has a high mortality, is a threat to health care workers, and is prohibitively costly to treat. MDR-TB has been supplanted by XDR-TB, resistance beyond XDR-TB, and programmatically incurable TB. …
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Baseline prevalence and incidence and risk factors for new-onset drug induced hearing loss in adults receiving drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) treatment in Khayelitsha, South Africa
Treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is longer and associated with more significant side-effects than drug susceptible TB. Second line injectable therapy using kanamycin, amikacin or capreomycin is associated with irreversible hearing loss. There is a scarcity of literature regarding …
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Conceptualising the right to enjoy benefits of scientific progress and exploring its potential to enhance access to effective diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa
… access to effective diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a persistent global challenge. Human rights arguments for access to treatment mostly focus on the right to health. However, a key challenge in access to effective diagnosis and treatment is the glaring …
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An assessment of Hypoxis hemerocallidea extracts, and actives as natural antibiotic, and immune modulation phytotherapies
… to treat opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis. The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and extreme drug resistant tuberculosis, in recent years, is a major threat to human health. The treatment of TB, nosocomial bacterial infections, and fungal infections is now a …
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The relationship between chest X-ray findings, bacterial load and treatment-related outcomes in persons with extensively drug resistant TB
Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was first recognized in the 1990s with an increase in caseload of eighty-two percent between 2000 and 2007. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), a more difficult and more expensive form of TB to treat with poorer outcomes, emerged in South …
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Novel methods and syntheses toward HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis pharmaceuticals
… novel synthesis of tenofovir, an antiretroviral drug used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B. [chemical formula] We have proposed a novel synthesis toward bedaquiline, the latest pharmaceutical to be released in the market for the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. The …
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