Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 40 for “"drug efflux"”.
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Expression of the multi-drug efflux genes acrAB of Escherichia coli
The action of AcrAB-ToIC, a multidrug efflux system of Escherichia co/i, is largely responsible for the increased intrinsic resistance of this organism to many antimicrobial agents. The level of mRNA specific to the acrAB efflux genes is elevated by six-fold during exponential phase of growth in LB …
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Combating HIV-1 by Targeting Drug Efflux Transporters on the Macrophage Reservoir
… reside and replicate even under antiretroviral drug therapy (ART). Infected macrophages, which represent a long-term viral reservoir have been shown to lead to viral rebound independently. In response to the environmental stimuli, macrophages can be polarized into different phenotypes: the …
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Molecular Mechanisms of Antibacterial Resistance Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Multi-Drug Efflux Pumps and Their Interactions with Other Resistance Mechanisms
The expression of multi-drug efflux pumps belonging to the Resistance-Nodulation- Division family of exporters has been shown to contribute to both intrinsic and acquired resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These pumps are able to recognize and export diverse compounds including several …
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Functional Expression of ABC Transporters at Blood-tissue Barriers: Relevance to Antiretroviral Drug Tissue Distribution
… several studies have observed antiretroviral drugs present at sub-therapeutic concentrations in these tissue compartments that may contribute to the formation of drug resistance and allow systemic viral repopulation. ATP-binding cassette drug efflux transporters i.e., P-glycoprotein and breast …
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Role of Membrane Transporters in Drug Delivery, Drug Disposition And Drug-Drug Interactions
… membrane transporters which play a vital role in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Understanding of functionality and molecular expression of drug transporters can prove to be of utmost importance in drug delivery or drug design by targeting specific transporter proteins. …
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A feasibility study of chemosensitivity testing in primary cultures from malignant gliomas, and analysis of drug resistance mechanisms
… response is limited by the development of drug resistance. A study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of providing information about tumour chemosensitivity in vitro by culturing glioma tumour cells in a hospital setting and performing chemnosensitivity assays on them using five …
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of verapamil analogues, reversed isoniazids and hybrid efflux pump inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
… but has been hampered by the emergence of drug resistance in the causative bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Resistant strains of Mtb counter the efficacy of various anti-TB drugs via mechanisms that help it overcome the toxic and inhibitory effects of these drugs. These …
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Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
… DNA gyrase and/or DNA topoisomerase IV, and (2) drug efflux via unknown transporter proteins. Although previous studies have examined the selection of these resistance mechanisms to varying degrees, a more rigorous and extensive investigation was warranted. The current research aimed to compare …
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Targeting the Colchicine Binding Site on Tubulin to Overcome Multidrug Resistance and Anticancer Efficacy of Selective Survivin Inhibitors
… for anticancer agents. While this class of drug has proven to be effective against many cancer types, the clinical efficacy of current tubulin inhibitors is often limited by the development of multidrug resistance. The most common form of resistance to these agents arises from the …
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Energetics and Structural Aspects of Cation-Coupled Drug Transport by NorM Multidrug Transporters
NorM multidrug transport proteins belong to the multiple antibiotics and toxins extrusion (MATE) family of secondary active transporters. Members of this family are present across all species including bacteria, plants and humans. In bacteria, their over-expression can lead to antibiotic …
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Identification and characterization of farR and farE as a regulator and effector of fatty acid resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
… superfamily of multi-drug efflux pumps. I named these genes farE and farR, for regulator and effector of fatty acid resistance, respectively. S. aureusDfarER exhibited loss of inducible resistance to linoleic acid, and although FarR is a TetR family regulator which …
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Structure and Dynamics of AcrA, a Periplasmic Component of a Multidrug Efflux Pump
AcrA is the periplasmic component of an efflux system AcrA-AcrB-TolC, which can expel different classes of antibiotics. AcrB is the inner membrane (IM) pump that utilizes proton-motive force for the active transport, TolC is the outer membrane (OM) channel, and AcrA coordinates the actions of AcrB …
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Three-dimensional Hyaluronan-based Hydrogels Designed for Breast Cancer Spheroid Formation
… extract without HA. Breast CS expressed multidrug resistance protein 1, a drug efflux transporter on bifunctional HA hydrogels, and showed decreased doxorubicin drug penetration. Secondly, HA-oxime hydrogels were designed with tunable gelation to encapsulate breast cancer cells. We compared …
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Characterisation and modulation of drug resistance in lung cancer cell lines
Chemotherapy drug resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of cancer. It can result from an increase in levels of cellular drug efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Using cellular models, this thesis aimed to investigate resistance in lung cancer cells while developing siRNA and …
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The development of an in vivo model to study the biology and treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)
… of death from disease in children. Broad-range drug resistance is often associated with relapse, although its underlying molecular mechanisms remained poorly understood. The aim of this thesis was to establish an in vivo model using the non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient …
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Novel Paclitaxel Nanoparticles for Enhanced Therapeutic Effects in Breast Cancer
Drug delivery to triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a formidable challenge. Given the lack of expressions of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), there is no specific prognostic marker for targeting this aggressive cancer. In spite of rapid …
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Advancing Precision Medicine in Psychiatry: Genetic Insights into Antidepressant Treatment Outcomes
… in pharmacokinetic genes such as CYP2C19 (drug metabolizing enzyme) and ABCB1 (encoding the drug-efflux transporter P-glycoprotein), and broader polygenic liability may partly explain this variability. Recent advances in psychiatric genomics have enabled the use of polygenic risk scores …
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Characterisation of novel and complex mechanisms of antobiotic resistance using a proteomics approach
… a global concern, particularly among multi drug resistant Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens. These organisms display non- susceptibility to the majority of routinely used antibiotics, causing infections which are more difficult to treat and increase the duration of patient recovery. Due to …
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Using post-genomics technologies to advance understanding of liver fluke therapeutics
… stages of the liver fluke. Widespread reports of drug resistance coupled with increasing infection forecasts (due to climate change and the intensification of farming), highlight the requirement for a better understanding of drug resistance mechanisms and for novel control methods. This study …
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Identification and Development of Novel Compounds for the Treatment of Human Cancers
… side-effects, a new paradigm for cancer drug development has been adopted. Using a molecular targeted approach, new gene and protein targets have been identified and the development of chemotherapies that are specific to these targets has already begun. In this study, compounds that …
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