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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"disinfection by-product"”.
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Removal of disinfection by-product precursors by activated carbon and MIEX(R)
… tested for DBP reduction potential. Reductions by the materials were poor and therefore the materials were not investigated further. Activated carbons, although similar in structure, perform differently from each other. Aqua Nuchar[copyright] and Hawkins Sabre Series[copyright] had greater than …
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Impacts of Sludge Volume and Sludge Age on Disinfection By-Product Formation in a Full-Scale Water Treatment Facility
… the role of settled sludge on the formation of disinfection by-products in a full-scale water treatment plant. The occurrence of disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water has become a major concern to treatment facilities in their effort to comply with strict regulations set by the …
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The Occurrence and Control of Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) in Two Water Treatment Plants Utilizing the Same Source
<p>The influence of disinfection by-products (DBPs) on the operation and design of water treatment plants has been increasing since the early studies by Rook on trihalomethanes (THMs) (Stevens, 1977). Work conducted in the 1980s identified the existence of nonvolatile halogenated organics (non-THM …
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Drinking water disinfection by-products: toxicological impacts and biological mechanisms induced by individual compounds or as complex mixtures
The introduction of drinking water disinfection greatly reduced the incidence of waterborne diseases. However, the reaction between disinfectants and natural or synthetic organic matter in the source water can lead to an unintended consequence which is the formation of drinking water disinfection …
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Finite fraction method for tracking desinfection by-product precursors in water treatment
… Collection Rule (ICR), the Disinfectants/Disinfection By-Product Rule (D/DBPR) and the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (ESWTR). Both the latter two have provisions to limit the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP) by controlling reactivity and removal of DOM or both. …
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Effects of Extracellular Polymeric Substance Composition on Bacteria Disinfection by Monochloramine
… implementation of the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection By-product Rules (DBPRs), many water treatment facilities in the United States began to utilize chloramines as their primary or secondary disinfectant. Although chloramines have been known to have better efficiency for biofilm control …
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Chemical Identification and Organoleptic Evaluation of Iodine and Iodinated Disinfection By-Products Associated with Treated Spacecraft Drinking Water
… and, consequently, the formation of iodinated disinfection by-products (IDBPs) requires investigation. Objectives of this research were to determine possible precursors of IDBPs, identify IDBPs formed, and apply flavor profile analysis (FPA) as a tool to evaluate water qaulity. Experiments were …
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Multivariate Analysis of Disinfection By-products Formation in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
… in disinfectant residuals decay and unintended disinfection by-product (DBP) formations, which are associated with increased adverse health outcomes. To improve drinking water quality, in-depth understandings of disinfectant stability are required. A systematic literature review was undertaken …
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Effects of Microbial Community Stress Response and Emerging Contaminants on Wastewater Treatment Plants
… of how these microorganisms are affected by various conditions and pollutants is needed. Also, as consumer products and industrial processes evolve, so do the pollutants they discharge to wastewater. In order to keep pace with these changes, understanding the effects of emerging …
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A Non-Biological Inhibition Based Sensing Technique (NIBS) for the Detection of Halogenated Disinfection By-Products in Water
… (NIBS), for the detection of toxic halogenated disinfection by-products in water. NIBS is a chemical amplification method where the analyte of interest inhibits a given catalyzed reaction rather than enhancing the reaction rate. NIBS works similar to enzymatic inhibition except that NIBS does …
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Trihalomethane Removal and Re-Formation in Spray Aeration Processes Treating Disinfected Groundwater
… in municipal water supplies. Although chlorine disinfection is effective in inactivating pathogenic microbes, the use of chlorine creates the unintentional formation of regulated chemicals. On January 4, 2006, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated the Stage 2 …
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Fundamental and Practical Aspects of Cometabolite Addition for 1,4-Dioxane Removal in Biofiltration
… groundwater sites, and in trace amounts as a byproduct formed in modern manufacturing. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has set the one in a million cancer risk level for 1,4-dioxane at 0.35 µg/L. 1,4-Dioxane is resistant to many conventional water treatment technologies, such …
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Drinking water disinfection by-products detection, formation and the precursors removal study
… (THMs) are two groups of commonly found disinfection by-products (DBPs). Iodinated THMs and HAAs were observed after disinfection of water containing high level of iodide and are proved to be more toxic than their corresponding chlorinated and brominated species. In the presented …
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Disinfection by-products and prenatal development
… studies have suggested modes of action for disinfection by-product (DBP) toxicity or teratogenicity, there is little evidence for a causal relationship between DBPs and induction of adverse outcomes in humans. This may be due, in part, to biases inherent to exposure assessment or analytical …
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Fluorescence Based Approach to Drinking Water Treatment Plant Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Characterization, Treatment, and Management
… process and the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP) derived from the NOM-oxidant reaction in the disinfection step. In this study, samples of raw and treated water after coagulation were collected from drinking treatment systems serving the cities of Akron, Barberton, …