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Showing 1 to 20 of 185 for “"discounting"”.
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Temporal Discounting of Losses
… five papers to better understand how to measure discounting, how and why discounting of losses differs from discounting of gains, and how to apply research on discounting to public policy. Paper 1 compares two common methods of measuring discounting - titration and matching - with a dynamic …
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Hyperbolic discounting and consumption
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 1994.
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Neuronale Korrelate von Delay Discounting
Delay Discounting im Sinne eines Abwertens zukünftiger Belohnungen ist ein weit verbreitetes Phänomen. Es zeigt sich z. B. in persönlichen Angelegenheiten, wie der Entscheidung für den kurzfristigen Genuss von Süßigkeiten und gegen die langfristigen, durchaus größeren Vorteile einer schlanken …
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Discounting of Probabilistic Reinforcers by Pigeons
<p>The phenomenon of probability discounting - the decrease in the subjective value of an outcome as the likelihood of its receipt decreases - has been an increasingly explored area of research with human participants, but has received little attention with nonhuman animals. The few studies that …
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Delay Discounting as a Transdiagnostic Neural Phenotype
… In particular, my work focuses on delay discounting, one of the recommended measures for brain-behavior phenotyping in transdiagnostic research. Delay discounting involves choosing between a smaller sooner reward and a larger reward available after a longer delay and has been thought to …
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Reciprocal Discounting: Investigating Altruistic Choice and Reciprocation with Others
… some other variable. In the case of probability discounting, value decreases as the probability of receiving the outcome decreases. Whereas with social discounting, value decreases with increases in the social distance of the person receiving that outcome. A weak correlation has been found …
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The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism
<p>People have a tendency to discount outcomes that are delayed or probabilistic. In other words, people will sacrifice larger benefits for smaller benefits that are immediate or certain. For many environmentally-friendly (“green”) products, the financial benefits are both delayed and …
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Delay Discounting Among American Indian And Non-Indian College Students
… this study was to examine the concept of delay discounting among a total 200 participants (150 American Indian college students and 50 non-Indian college students) recruited from the University of North Dakota (UND), Turtle Mountain Community College (TMCC), and Cankdeska Cikana (Little Hoop …
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Delay Discounting in At-Risk Preadolescents: Brain Mechanisms and Behavior
… functional magnetic resonance imaging delay discounting: (1) High-risk youth (n=35) with a family history of SUD and externalizing psychiatric disorders, (2) psychiatric controls (n=35) with no family history of SUD, but equivalent externalizing psychiatric disorders as high-risk youth, and …
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Multi-curve bootstrapping and implied discounting curves in illiquid markets
The credit and liquidity crisis of 2007 has triggered a number of inconsistencies in the interest rate market, questioning some of the standard methods and assumptions used to price and hedge interest rate derivatives. It has been shown that using a single risk-free curve (constructed from market …
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Discounting of Hypothetical Monetary Outcomes that are Both Delayed and Probabilistic
… both by the delay until its receipt: delay discounting) and by the likelihood of its receipt: probability discounting). Despite being well described by the same hyperboloid function, delay and probability discounting involve fundamentally different processes, as represented by the opposite …
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Temporal Discounting: A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures
… that the underlying decision-making process: discounting) is identical regardless of the procedure used, and that all would converge on similar indifference points. For each of the experiments, participants were initially tested on one of the adjusting tasks: Adjusting Immediate Amount, …
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Longitudinal Associations among Adolescent Socioeconomic Status, Delay Discounting, and Substance Use
… the contributions of SES on adolescent delay discounting and substance use in a sample of 167 adolescents (52% male). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to compute SES factor scores across three waves using a composite of parent and spouse education years and combined annual household …
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Delay Discounting, Reinforcing Value of Food, and Components of Metabolic Health
… health-related behaviors, one of which is delay discounting. Delay discounting is a cognitive process that describes the phenomenon by which individuals discount the value of a future reward compared to the value of an immediate reward. Researchers have associated delay discounting with drug …
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TO WAIT OR TO LOSE? FRAMING ATTENUATES DELAY DISCOUNTING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN
… wait receive them, a phenomenon known as a delay discounting. Nearly all species exhibit delay discounting, yet there is a striking level of inter-individual variability in discounting severity. In humans, discounting rate predicts a wide array of outcomes such as academic achievement, drug …
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Is It Time? Examining the Effects of Episodic Imagining on Reward Discounting
… personal cueing greatly reduces future reward discounting. Despite this robust finding, it is unclear whether this modulatory effect is due to the induction of episodic imagining. If so, the effect should not generalize to forms of discounting that are without a temporal component. To test …
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