Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"cortical plasticity"”.
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Investigating the role of thalamic activity in visual cortical plasticity
Experience-dependent plasticity is an integral process by which the brain learns to respond to relevant stimuli in the world. The visual cortex is a well-studied locus of such learning, exemplified by the simple yet robust phenomenon of stimulus-selective response plasticity (SRP). In SRP, neurons …
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Adenosine Production Is Essential for Closing the Critical Period of Cortical Plasticity
… effective adaptation to the environment. At the cortical level, this organization is referred to as cortical maps. The establishment of cortical maps begins with early life experiences during the critical period, a brief period during development of heightened sensitivity to sensory stimuli. …
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Visual cortical plasticity : the role of parvalbumin expressing inhibitory neurons and abnormalities in models of neurodevelopmental disorders
The roles played by cortical inhibitory neurons in experience-dependent plasticity and learning are not well understood. Here we evaluate the participation of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) GABAergic neurons in two forms of experience-dependent modification of primary visual cortex (V1) in adult …
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Cell-type specific cholinergic modulation of the cortex
… forebrain is implicated in modulating diverse neocortical functions including information processing, cortical plasticity, arousal and attention. To understand the physiological basis of these brain functions during cholinergic modulation, it is critical to identify the cortical circuit elements …
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Understanding experience-dependent plasticity of cellular and network activity in the mouse primary visual cortex
… during a juvenile critical period, but this plasticity lasts even in adulthood. A representative form of visual cortical plasticity is ocular dominance (OD) plasticity following temporary monocular deprivation (MD). Here, we used a mouse model of amblyopia and revealed that juvenile OD …
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Experience dependent coding of intonations by offsets in mouse auditory cortex
… The encoding of intra-species vocalizations and plasticity mechanisms engaged during the process of learning vocalizations are poorly understood. This is particularly true with regards to how sensory representations of vocalizations is transformed between primary to secondary auditory cortical …
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Localization and Function Of RNA Interference in the Cerebral Cortex
<p>During the course of adult cortical plasticity, a number of signal transduction mechanisms are brought into play. To study regulatory genes implicated in this process, we inhibited gene expression by harnessing the machinery of RNA interference (RNAi) pathway via small hairpin RNAs (shRNA) …
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Impact of Thalamocortical Synaptic Transmission on Input specific plasticity in Mouse Auditory Cortex
… that learning and experience lead to auditory cortical plasticity that is highly specific to the frequency of the acquired sound. Frequency specificity is demonstrated as the shift in the receptive field of cortical neurons towards the frequency of the acquired sound. Jafari and others showed …
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Structural dynamics and synaptic development in the visual system
… spines during a period of heightened visual cortical plasticity and describes how manipulations of visual input alter these dendritic structures. The third and final study examines the distribution of glutamate receptors, which are key components of excitatory synaptic contacts, during a …
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Characterization of CPG15 during cortical development and activity dependent plasticity
… cortex by sensory experience capable of inducing cortical plasticity. Using in situ hybridization, we monitored cgp15 expression in 4-week-old mouse barrel cortex after trimming all whiskers except D1. We found that cpgl5 expression is depressed in the deprived barrels and enhanced in the barrel …
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Deficient experience-dependent plasticity in the visual cortex of Arc null mice
… suggested to play a critical role in synaptic plasticity. The goal of this thesis is to understand the workings of Arc within the visual cortex. Specifically, we ask how genetic deletion of Arc influences plasticity, and how visual response properties differ between cells types containing, and …
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LGN activity patterns during ocular dominance plasticity in vivo
… by lid closure (MC) leads to a loss of cortical responsiveness of the deprived eye and a concomitant visual impairment. This ocular dominance (OD) plasticity is a well-studied model of experience-dependent cortical plasticity. While much is known about the anatomical, physiological and …
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The role of fast-spiking interneurons in cortical map plasticity
… brief period of disinhibition to promote plasticity in excitatory circuits followed by a more prolonged increase in inhibition to re-establish the excitatory – inhibitory balance. These hypotheses make different predictions about how inhibition<br/>changes during cortical map plasticity, …
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Structural mechanisms of experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in the mouse visual cortex
… of an animal shapes behavior through synaptic plasticity. Modification in the strength of synaptic drive can result from adjustments in the strength of existing synapses, creation of new synapses, or removal of existing ones and involves presynaptic, postsynaptic, and extra-synaptic mechanisms. …
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Sensorimotor Recovery, Functional and Structural Brain Plasticity, and the Development of Chronic Pain Following Upper Limb Peripheral Nerve Transection and Microsurgical Repair
… has indentified beneficial and maladaptive cortical plasticity following disease or injury. The general aim of this thesis was to determine the extent of sensory and motor recovery, functional and structural brain changes, and the impact of chronic neuropathic pain on sensorimotor outcomes …
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Requirement for AMPA receptor endocytosis and long-term depression in ocular dominance plasticity
The classic example of experience-dependent cortical plasticity is the ocular dominance (OD) shift in visual cortex following monocular deprivation (MD). As in other mammals with binocular vision, MD in mice induces bidirectional plasticity: rapid weakening of responses evoked through the deprived …
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Brain-Machine Interface for Reaching: Accounting for Target Size, Multiple Motor Plans, and Bimanual Coordination
… function by decoding neural activity from intact cortical brain regions in order to control external devices in real-time. While there has been exciting progress in the field over the past 15 years, the vast majority of the work has focused on restoring of motor function of a single limb. In the …
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Plasticity of the cortical representation of finger extensors induced by paired associative stimulation
This dissertation first explored associative plasticity of the human motor cortical representation with the use of noninvasive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paired with peripheral electrical stimulation. Paired Associative Stimulation (PAS) has grown in popularity because of its potential …
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Mechanisms of ocular dominance plasticity in the juvenile and adult mouse visual cortex
Ocular dominance (OD) plasticity is a classic example of bidirectional experience-dependent plasticity in the primary visual cortex. This form of plasticity is most robust during early postnatal development (termed the "critical period"), when monocular deprivation (MD) leads to a rapid weakening …
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The role of puberty in the development of the adolescent rodent medial prefrontal cortex and behavior
… nets (PNNs), which are important mediators of cortical plasticity and synaptic stability. This study describes that these structures remain juvenile-like in males and females across adolescence, suggesting the cortex continues to be plastic at this time. Interestingly, PNNs are significantly …
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