Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 30 for “"coreceptor"”.
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Mathematical models of coreceptor usage and a dendritic cell-based vaccine during HIV-1 infection
While most of Europe is affected by HIV-1 subtype B, sub-Saharan African is dominated by HIV-1 subtype C. Due to costs, most vaccine development is carried out Europe rather than sub-Saharan countries. However since the mechanisms of disease progression in HIV-1 subtype B may be different from …
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Distinct Patterns of Ccr5 Versus Alternative Coreceptor Dependence in Non-Natural Host Versus Natural Host Simmian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
… infection occurs in the absence of functional coreceptor CCR5, implicating alternative SIV entry pathways in this natural host. In this thesis, I identified host-dependent patterns of SIV coreceptor use that distinguish viral entry in sooty mangabeys from viral entry in rhesus macaques. I …
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Virus tropism and neutralization response in SIV infection
… normally use the CD4 receptor and an additional coreceptor for cell entry. The most common coreceptors used by HIV are CCR5 and CXCR4. SIV use CCR5 and rarely CXCR4 but may use other coreceptors as alternatives. We have studied virus tropism and evolution of the humoral immune response in …
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HIV-1 Envelope-Induced Signaling Mediates Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements Necessary for Fusion and Entry
… in the target membrane that bring the chemokine coreceptor, CCR5 or CXCR4, into close proximity for binding and induces conformational changes in gp120 that allow it to couple to the coreceptor. Formation of the gp120-CD4-coreceptor complex triggers conformational changes in the transmembrane …
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HIV-1 evolution, disease progression and molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 single and HIV-1 and HIV-2 dual-infected individuals in Guinea-Bissau
… of the HIV-1 env gp120 is important for HIV-1 coreceptor use, and represents an informative region for both molecular epidemiology and intrapatient phylogenetic analyses due to high level of genetic variation. In this doctoral dissertation, HIV-1 V1-V3 sequences in combination with clinical …
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Dynamics of HIV coreceptors and their utilization by plasma and cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 isolates
… immune cells requires the assistance of cellular coreceptors. The regulation of these receptors is highly dynamic. In addition to the major coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4, several alternative coreceptors mediate entry for selected HIV isolates in vitro, although their role in vivo is yet to be …
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Recombinant CXCR4/CCR5 hybrid receptors as tools for studies of HIV-1 receptor usage
… and an evolution towards an altered mode of CCR5 coreceptor use and a reduced sensitivity to inhibition by natural CCR5 ligands has also been described. With the aim to study interactions of natural ligands and HIV-1 isolates with these chemokine receptors, a set of hybrid CXCR4/CCR5 receptors …
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Mechanisms of CCR5 Agonist/Antagonist Inhibition of HIV-1 Entry and In Vitro Selection of Virus Resistant to Maraviroc
… of inhibitors that target CCR5, a cellular coreceptor required for viral entry, has resulted in molecules with potent antiviral activity. However, diverse HIV-1 isolates exhibit a wide variation in intrinsic sensitivity to these inhibitors due to factors including the heterogeneity of the …
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Modulating the Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of HIV-1 Envelope by a Conserved N-Linked Glycan
… representing different clades, tissue origins, coreceptor usage, and neutralization sensitivity. I demonstrate that the absence of the N7 glycan increases the sensitivity of diverse HIV-1 isolates to CD4bs- and V3 loop-directed antibodies, indicating that the N7 glycan plays an important and …
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Intrahost evolution of HIV-1 phenotypes
… used CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) as coreceptor, R5 HIV-1, throughout the infection. Others had viruses whose coreceptor use was altered to include CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). We analyzed sequentially obtained viruses from both groups of patients and studied phenotypic features …
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Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Induced Clonal Anergy in αβ T Cell Receptor Transgenic Mice
… and SEB was enhanced by antibodies to the CD28 coreceptor suggesting that CD28/B7 mediated costimulation plays a role in the signal transduction pathways coupled to the two types of antigens.</p>
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Combined experimental and modeling studies reveal new mechanisms in T cell antigen recognition
… different ligands under the presence of CD8, a coreceptor which also binds MHC independently of TCR. Simulations of the BFP assay suggested that mechanotransduction by the TCR resulted in active heterodimerization of CD8 and TCR via intercellular interactions. These results indicate that the …
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Eukaryotic protein mimicry as an infection strategy for Ehrlichia chaffeensis
… E. ch. and Fzd2, 4, 5, 7, and 9, as well as coreceptor LRP5 1-3 h post infection. Direct binding between TRP120 and multiple Fzd receptors was further confirmed by ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Interfering RNA knockdown of Wnt receptors, coreceptors, and signaling pathway …
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Association Among CCR5 Genotypes, CCR5 Expression, And In Vitro HIV Infection
… receptor on human T lymphocytes. CCR5 is a major coreceptor for HIV to bind to the T cell prior to fusion. Individuals have various frequencies of these polymorphisms, which influence their susceptible to HIV infection and disease progression. This thesis is focused on determining the association …
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The role of tetraspanin pretein CD63 in humna immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and replication
… interaction of Env with CD4 and a chemokine coreceptor, either chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) or chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR4). Other cellular factors supporting HIV replication have recently been characterized. Previous works demonstrated a role for CD63 in early HIV …
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Soluble Peptide Treatment Reverses CD8 T Cell-Induced Disease in a Mouse Model of Spontaneous Tissue-Selective Autoimmunity
… peptide was shown to down-regulate the CD8 coreceptor and activate T-cells to differentiate into memory T-cells. This model can inform us about mechanisms of peripheral tolerance and potential therapies for autoimmune diseases in which specific molecular targets are known.
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Wnt-5a signaling in breast cancer metastasis
… the breast cancer cells. In addition, the Wnt-5a coreceptor Ror2 was found to be involved in regulation of breast cancer cell migration and to associate with DDR1, a tyrosine kinase receptor that participates in Wnt-5a signaling. These results further emphasize the importance of Wnt-5a in breast …
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Lung Defects Contribute to Respiratory Symptoms in a Mecp2-mutant Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome
… to decreased binding of the nuclear repressor coreceptor 1/2 (NCOR1/2) complex in the promoters of its target genes in the absence of MECP2, leading to their upregulation. I also showed that lung AE2 cell-specific depletion of Mecp2 is sufficient to cause lung lipid metabolism abnormalities and …
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Kinetic analysis of Fcγ receptor and T cell receptor interacting with respective ligands
… the adaptive human immune system. Together with coreceptor CD4 or CD8, TCR can discriminate different antigen peptides complexed with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule (pMHC), which differ by as few as only one amino acid, and trigger different T cell responses. When T cell …
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Protein- hormone interactions patterning the gynoecium
… over the synthetic analogues NAA and 2,4-D. This coreceptor functions to coordinate the development of the style and stigmatic tissues of the carpel, possibly via the regulation of PID kinase. Further, this work has also identified novel roles in protein-protein dimerisation for the domains …
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