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Showing 1 to 20 of 34 for “"contractile force"”.
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On contractile force developed by the Spasmoneme, a biological spring of a peritrich ciliate Vorticella convallaria
… a substrate in a few milliseconds generating the contractile force in the order of 10 nN. The spasmoneme, the contractile organelle inside the stalk, is a mechanochemical engine employing calcium ions as the energy source. In this thesis, I evaluate the lower and upper bounds of the contraction …
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Development of a Model System for Culturing Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes in vitro to Monitor Integrin Activation in Response to Altered Contractile Force
… the HCM disease state. The interplay between the forces generated by the contractile apparatus and sensed by integrins is central to understanding the pathogenesis of HCM. Integrins are likely the mechanotransducers in cardiomyocytes, converting mechanical stress into chemical signals that …
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A Proposed Mechanism for Enhanced Titin-Based Force during Ca2+-activation
… muscle sarcomere is stretched, it generates more force after the stretch is completed when compared to a contraction at the same corresponding length. This mechanical property of skeletal muscle defies explanation by any conventional mechanism of contraction. Surmounting evidence indicates that …
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Molecular organization of the actin cortex in apical constriction and epithelial folding
Actin and myosin generate contractile forces to change tissue and cell shape. These shape changes are essential for many biological functions, ranging from muscle contraction to tissue morphogenesis in development. While the spatial organization and composition of the actin and myosin contractile …
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The Role of Slow-Twitch Skeletal Muscle in the Musculoskeletal Endocrine Axis
… showed no effect on muscle mass or EDL contractile function but increased slow-twitch soleus contractile force by 15% over non-supplemented mice. In addition, the rate of soleus muscle contractile force development was greater in the supplemented group compared to control. In bone, …
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Investigations into mechanisms of magnesium homeostasis in the isolated rat heart
… of experiments, the effects on Mg 24 efflux and contractile force, of increased and decreased extracellular sodium [Na *], lithium chloride, specific ion channel inhibitors, osmotic shock, metabolic inhibition and global ischaemia, in the isolated, perfused (5 ml mm", 37°C) and paced (20V, I …
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Investigation of Cell Morphology and Cell-Induced 3-D Matrix Reorganization
… important finding is that Rho kinase-dependent contractile force generation leads to co-alignment of cells. This process contributes to global matrix contraction and thus may play a central role in cell transformation and force generation during wound healing. In contrast, activation of Rac …
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Development of an in vitro model of contraction by fibroblasts
… which promote tissue regeneration. A cell force monitor (CFM) was designed and constructed to measure quantitatively the contraction of a highly-porous, collagen-GAG matrix by fibroblasts. Using this device, contractile force, displacement, and kinetics were compared for different values of …
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Chronic Treatment of TMAO Undermines Mouse Cardiac Structure and Function in a Sex-specific Manner
… in TMAO-treated male hearts along with higher contractile force. Overall, TMAO-treated hearts show significant functional deficits with altered structure in a sex-specific way. Our study utilizes a variety of methods to comprehensively characterize features of TMAO-induced heart failure in both …
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Growth factors in extraocular muscles: effects on contractile properties
… normal muscles. Those biological features of contractile physiology enable them to meet the specialized functional demands of extraocular muscles: rapid eye movements (the fastest movement in the human body) and precise eye positioning. When contractile properties of extraocular muscles are …
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Mechanisms of Actomyosin Contractility in Cells
… processes hinge on the ability of cells to exert contractile force. Contractility is used by cells to divide, to migrate, to heal wounds, and to pump the heart and move limbs. Contractility is mediated by the actin and myosin cytoskeleton, a dynamic and responsive meshwork that assembles into …
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Phosphorylation Regulation of T-Lymphocyte Migration
… of Myosin-IIA enables it to generate contractile force inside a migrating T-cell, maintaining the shape and proper adhesion of the cell to extracellular matrix, both being requirements for successful migration. The regulation of L-plastin enables it to activate integrin adhesion …
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Efeitos cronotropico e inotropico negativos induzidos pelo timol em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos
… 0.037; E max = 100 ± 0%, n = 5) and reduction in contractile force (pD 2 = 4.6 ± 0.058; E max = 100 ± 0%, n = 7). Both in hypertensive animals , as in normotensive animals, the negative inotropic effect showed greater power ( p < 0.001) when compared to the negative chronotropic effect . When …
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration
… western blot, Masson’s trichrome stain, and contractile force of the TA muscle as an isometric force (Hz), respectively. In vitro, NAC administration resulted in a decrease in oxidative stress levels that was associated with significant survival benefit during oxidative damage. When used in …
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Chemical Biology Tools for Biochemical and Functional Analysis of Myosin Phosphatase
… regulatory light chain (MLC2a), modulating contractile force. In AF, PPP1R12C is upregulated, leading to excessive dephosphorylation of MLC2a and weakening of atrial contraction. This dissertation addresses the structural and functional analysis of the PPP1R12C–PP1cβ holoenzyme using a suite …
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A platelet-mediated paradigm for the targeted delivery of microencapsulated, clot-augmenting biotherapeutics
… by physically rupturing the microcapsule through contractile forces exerted during clot contraction. This cell-mediated, targeted drug delivery system utilizes polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules that hybridize with the patient’s own platelets upon intravenous administration and rupture upon …
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THE EFFECT OF THYROID HORMONES ON THE FORCE OF CONTRACTION OF LEFT ATRIA OF GUINEA-PIGS IN UITRO
Alterations in developed contractile force over a wide range of frequencies of electrical stimulation (0.1 to 6 Hz) were investigated in guinea-pig isolated left atria from animals pretreated for varying lengths of time with L-thyroxine or carbimazole. The guinea-pigs were pretreated with either …
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Transcriptional Regulation of Muscle Contractility and Metabolism by a MicroRNA-Mediated Feed Forward Loop
… couple action potentials to the generation of contractile force, and a concordant alteration of myofiber metabolism. This stress responsive phenotypic shift requires that extrinsic and intrinsic signals coordinately affect gene regulatory mechanisms to ensure a proper adaptive response. …
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Anisotropy of Passive and Active Rat Vagina under Biaxial Loading
Pelvic organ prolapse, the decent of the pelvic organs from their normal anatomical position, is a common condition among women that is associated with mechanical alterations of the vaginal wall. In order to characterize the complex mechanical behavior of the vagina, we performed planar biaxial …
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Role of Protein Kinase G in Regulating Vascular Tone in Hypoxic Ovine Cerebral Arteries
… using 5-HT as a contractant and measured contractile force. To measure the relative influence of the BK channel in these arteries, we used the selective BK channel blocker iberiotoxin. From this we demonstrated that while hypoxia affects both BK and non-BK channel mechanisms, the influence …
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