Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 58 for “"commensal bacteria"”.
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STRUCTURE-FUNCTION STUDIES OF MULTIPLE INOSITOL POLYPHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASES FROM GUT COMMENSAL BACTERIA
… is found in humans where several members of the commensal bacteria have been found to produce multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatases (Minpp) which display phytase activity. In this study, high resolution X-ray crystal structures of Minpps from two human commensal gut bacteria, Bacteroides …
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Assessment of antibiotic resistance phenotypic patern in some commensal bacteria isolated from meat and dairy products
… the pattern of antibiotic resistance in some commensal bacteria isolated from meat and dairy products. This study is important because, antibiotics resistance has become a serious public health concern with economic and social implications throughout the world. The use of antibiotics in animal …
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Effect of cereal type and commensal bacteria on availability of methionine sources and intestinal physiology in pigs
… 8 pigs (2 isolators) were monoassociated with a bacteria closely related to Providencia spp. and 16 pigs (4 isolators) were monoassociated with Enterococcus faecium (EF). Species of bacterial contaminant and diet composition did not affect residual MET or MHA-FA in digesta. Decreased (P < 0.05) …
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Investigation of mechanisms underpinning host-microbial interactions in the gastrointestinal tract
… members of a host’s microbiota, particularly bacteria, as having critical roles in shaping the development and function of both intestinal and extra-intestinal immunity as reviewed in the introductory chapter (Chapter I) to this thesis. However in comparison to the vast numbers and diversity …
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EARLY-LIFE EXPOSURES TO SPECIFIC COMMENSAL MICROBES TRAIN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND PREVENT TYPE 1 DIABETES
… a rationally-designed consortium of 9 culturable bacteria (PedsCom) that dominate the early-life microbiome of diabetes-protected NOD/Eα16 mice confers protection from developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) in diabetes-susceptible NOD mice. PedsCom colonization induces weaning-associated peripheral …
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Characterising antibiotic susceptibility and resistance in human commensal gut bacteria
… susceptibility and resistance in human commensal gut bacteria The human commensal gut microbiota can act as a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes that can persist and spread to pathogens. However, the extent and diversity of antibiotic resistance encoded by human commensal …
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Adaptive immune responses in intestinal homeostasis and experimental inflammatory bowel disease
The intestine, a dwelling place for trillions of commensal bacteria, is constantly exposed to numerous ligands and antigens from foods and microbiota. Intestinal homeostasis involves a balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory signals. Intestinal epithelial barrier, commensal bacteria, …
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Adaptive immune responses in intestinal homeostasis and experimental inflammatory bowel disease
The intestine, a dwelling place for trillions of commensal bacteria, is constantly exposed to numerous ligands and antigens from foods and microbiota. Intestinal homeostasis involves a balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory signals. Intestinal epithelial barrier, commensal bacteria, …
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Induction of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps by Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae And Defense Mechanisms Against Host NETs and Oxidative Stress
… Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a Gram-negative commensal bacteria of the human nasopharynx. Normally residing in healthy individuals, NTHi rarely causes adverse effects. However, infection with NTHi in children often leads to middle ear inflammation and disease in the form of otitis media. A …
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THE ROLE OF GUT METABOLITES ON REGULATION OF INTESTINAL IMMUNITY
… various immune responses to dietary antigens, commensal bacteria, and pathogens. Maintaining homeostasis at this mucosal barrier requires stringent regulation of the immune responses, including mechanisms to convey information about environmental conditions. Dietary nutrients can be converted …
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ADP-Heptose and Nucleotide Enhancers Drive Fusobacteria-Induced Inflammation
<p>Colonization by <em>Fusobacteria</em> is associated with diverse inflammatory diseases and cancers, but the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive these associations remain elusive. Here I report studies showing that among commensal bacteria, <em>Fusobacteria</em> are uniquely potent …
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Integrity of the Barrier Epithelium in Drosophila Gut is Mediated by Factors That Regulate Intestinal Stem Cell Activity
… barrier function–specific genes as regulators of commensal bacteria density. The results from this project have shown that intestinal stem cells (ISCs) respond systemically in the presence of autonomously induced, visceral muscle (VM)-localized UPRmt. A phenotypic correlation between autonomous …
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Investigating the role of IL-4/IL-13 and their receptors in ulcerative colitis
… UC has overly aggressive T-cell responses to commensal bacteria eventually leading to disease pathology. UC is distinguished from Crohn's disease, another form of IBD, in that it is driven by a T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response. Oxazolone-induced colitis is a mouse model resembling UC …
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The effects of yeast derivatives and adult cecal droppings on growth parameters and intestinal morphology in commercial broilers
… of the intestine and early establishment of commensal bacteria is important for rapid growth and enteric disease resistance of the modern broiler. Three studies measured the impact of yeast derivatives in diets of broilers. The objective of the first study was to determine if yeast products …
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Exploiting Ruminococcus gnavus and Limosilactobacillus reuteri to strengthen host immunity and treat infections
… remains unknown whether specific Reg3-inducing bacteria act via one or both of these pathways. In recent work, we identified Ruminococcus gnavus and Limosilactobacillus reuteri as commensal bacteria able to induce Reg3g expression. As discussed in more detail in Chapter 2, we found that R. …
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Tale of Two Hosts: Vibrio parahaemolyticus Toxicity Against Human and Shrimp
… absorption and antimicrobial activities. Enteric bacterial pathogens have developed strategies to sense bile as an environmental cue to regulate virulence genes during infection. We discovered that Vibrio parahaemolyticus VtrC, along with VtrA and VtrB, are required for activating the virulence …
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Tale of Two Hosts: Vibrio parahaemolyticus Toxicity Against Human and Shrimp
… absorption and antimicrobial activities. Enteric bacterial pathogens have developed strategies to sense bile as an environmental cue to regulate virulence genes during infection. We discovered that Vibrio parahaemolyticus VtrC, along with VtrA and VtrB, are required for activating the virulence …
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Functional genomics of motile commensal intestinal bacteria
Flagella confer upon bacteria the ability to move and are therefore organelles of significant bacteriological importance. The innate immune system has evolved to recognise flagellin, (the major protein component of the bacterial flagellar filament). Flagellate microbes can potentially stimulate the …
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Transdisciplinary Strategies for the Characterization of Mucosal Immune Responses to Enteric Pathogens
… to luminal antigens including innocuous food, commensal bacteria and self-antigens. This carefully orchestrated system depends on elaborate down-regulating mechanisms that mediate and maintain a state of tolerance under normal conditions. Changes in such delicate balance are linked to the …
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The Role of PGRP Proteins in Innate Immunity Pathways in the Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae
… only PGRPLC has a role in the resistance to bacterial infections of both Gram types. In our experiments we have used the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. The PGRPLC gene encodes at least three isoforms that derive from …
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