Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 20 of 46 for “"cofilin"”.
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Cofilin
This study has identified cofilin, an actin binding protein, as a control element in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton which is highly relevant for T lymphocyte activation. Cofilin is regulated in its activity by reversible phosphorylation which is inducible by stimulation through …
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Investigation of Nonhydrolyzable ATP Analogues and Cofilin-Derived Peptides for Inhibition of Cofilin-Actin Rod Formation
Actin-Cofilin rods are an important marker of neurodegenerative disease and are commonly observed in the neurons of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The goal of this research is to investigate peptide and small-molecules for their potential to inhibit actin-cofilin rod formation in cells. These …
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The Interaction of Cofilin with the Actin Filament
… creating possible therapeutics to combat them. Cofilin is an ABP that plays an important part in the regulation process and in recent times, has come to be known as a player in maintaining a cell's homeostasis. It's activity has been shown to have implications in many diseases, such as …
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Regulation of Memory by the Actin-Binding Protein Cofilin
… is regulated by the actin binding protein cofilin, but its role in learning and memory remains unclear. Physiologically relevant manipulations of cofilin activity in vivo provide new opportunities for examining its function in learning and memory. Therefore, in this thesis, I examined three …
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Characterization of cofilin and its potential role in the EphA4 pathway
… pathway, which may include the protein cofilin. Cofilin actively severs and removes actin monomers, thus altering the actin cytoskeleton, leading to the cessation of cellular crawl. During the gastrulation phase of embryonic development, individual cells are relocating to create the …
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Bacterial Manipulation of Actin Dynamics via p21 Activated Kinases and Cofilin
… control of actin stabilisation and severing. Cofilin is an important promoter of actin turnover, promoting the severing and disassembly of actin filaments, resulting in increased availability of actin and driving assembly of new actin structures . A major reported negative regulator of cofilin …
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Lipid raft signaling in cofilin-actin rod formation induced by amyloid-β and TNFα
… (rods), composed of actin saturated with cofilin, are induced in neurons by energetic and oxidative stresses, excitotoxic levels of glutamate, and amyloid beta treatment. Cofilin is an F-actin assembly regulatory protein critical to various actin-dependent processes, such as cytokinesis, …
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Role of Cofilin, an Actin Cytoskeletal Protein, in Ischemic Conditions: Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Stroke
… play a key role in mediating these responses. Cofilin, an actin cytoskeletal severing protein is known to be involved in early stages of apoptotic cell death. Evidence supports its intervention in progression of disease states like Alzheimer’s and ischemic kidney disease. We have hypothesized …
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The Role of LIM Kinase 1 and its Substrates in Cell Cycle Progression
… process through inactivating phosphorylation of Cofilin. Aurora kinase A (Aur-A), a mitotic kinase, regulates initiation of mitosis through centrosome separation and proper assembly of bipolar spindles. Phosphorylated LIMK1 is recruited to the centrosomes during early prophase, where it …
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A biochemical investigation of actin disassembly mechanisms
… in vitro in the presence of three factors: cofilin, coronin and Aip1. These three factors have been shown to be principally responsible for the disassembly activity of thymus extract. We describe here our discoveries regarding catastrophic whole filament destabilization of actin in the …
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Mechanisms underlying rapid activity-dependent structural plasticity at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions
… the activity of the actin depolymerizing protein Cofilin. Expression of constitutively active or inactive Cofilin in motor neurons demonstrates that increased Cofilin activity promotes rapid bouton formation in response to elevated synaptic activity. Correspondingly, overexpression of Limk, which …
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Alteration of prenylation: Effect on neurite outgrowth and Rho GTPase signaling
… assess how lovastatin affects the activity of cofilin, which is inactivated by phosphorylation by the common Rho GTPase effector, LIM kinase. We correlate cofilin phosphorylation with effects on actin filament content since cofilin is an actin depolymerizing agent. We use western blot analyses …
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Nuclear accumulation of G-actin in cellular senescence: Reduced expressions of exportin 6 and Ran small G protein
… and Ran expression as well as phosphorylated cofilin. Concurrently, Ran was transported into the cytoplasm. We attempted to determine possible involvement of exp6 in the regulation of actin accumulation in nuclei, by employing H₂O₂-induced senescent model. Exp6 and Ran expressions were not …
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Actin dynamics in silico, in waves, and in rods
… formation of orderly-structured aggregates of cofilin and actin known as cofilin-actin rods (or rods). Using glutamate excitotoxicity as a model system for the cofilin pathology observed in Alzheimer disease (AD), we have determined signaling mechanisms for cofilin-actin rod induction, which in …
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ACTIN FILAMENT ASSEMBLY AND TURNOVER
… Finally, the synergistic depolymerization by cofilin, cyclase-associated protein (CAP), and capping protein are revealed by twelve structures. Cofilin binds cooperatively along an actin filament, shifting F-actin protomers to their monomeric form while keeping filaments intact. At the …
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P21- ACTIVATED KINASE 4 AND ACTIN CYTOSKELETON DYNAMICS
… THE ACTIN DEPOLYMERISATION FACTOR, COFILIN. COFILIN PHOSPHORYLATION RESULTS IN THE STABILISATION OF THE FILAMENTOUS FORM OF ACTIN. THE PRIMARY GOALS OF THIS PROJECT WERE TO 1) UNDERSTAND HOW THE KINASE DOMAIN OF PAK4 IS INHIBITED BY INCA (INDUCED IN NEURAL CREST BY AP2); AND 2) TO …
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The dynamics and regulation of actin filaments in vascular endothelial cells and in a reconstituted purified protein system
… consistent with mechanisms attributed to ADF/cofilin in vitro. Removal of gelsolin in fibroblasts produces a similar correlation between motility, t, and PF. Consistent with increased actin filament severing, fast-moving endothelial cells have an increased number of short actin filaments and …
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Simulated impact trauma and osteoarthritis: the role of cell volume and mechanotransduction
… proteins responsible for actin treadmilling cofilin, profilin and gelsolin mRNA was compared to untreated chondrocytes. REV5901 was observed to reduce cofilin (known actin depolymerizing factor) with 30 % (p<0.05) and increase profilin significantly by 75 % (p<0.001) respectively. Western …
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Cofilin-actin rods: quantification and comparison to tau pathology in a human longitudinal aging study and developing probes to measure localization and activity of NADPH oxidase 2, a component of the prion-dependent rod inducing pathway
… soluble form of Aβ induces the formation of cofilin-actin rods within neurons. Rods may grow to occlude the neurite and block transport, leading to loss of microtubules and synapses. Tau is a microtubule binding protein whose hyperphosphorylation depends upon its release from microtubules. …
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Role of Actin and its regulating proteins in drug response
… the actin cytoskeleton via phosphorylation of cofilin. Real Time RT PCR and western blotting was used in chapter 3 and showed that expression of LIMKs and their downstream target cofilin was altered in antimicrotubule resistant neuroblastoma and leukaemia cells. Moreover, altered LIMK …
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