Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 26 for “"chest radiographs"”.
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Image Features for Tuberculosis Classification in Digital Chest Radiographs
… medical care may be limited. Analysis of digital chest radiographs (CXRs) is a common and inexpensive method for the diagnosis of TB; however, a trained radiologist is required to interpret the results, and is subject to human error. Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) systems are a promising …
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Assessment of airway compression on chest radiographs in children with pulmonary tuberculosis
… tuberculosis (PTB) in children relies heavily on chest radiography as sputum samples are difficult to obtain and only yield positive results in 30-74% of children treated for PTB. However, radiological signs between lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and PTB overlap considerably and there …
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An investigation of the influence of radiographic malpositioning and image processing algorithm selection on ICU/CCU chest radiographs
Mobile chest radiography remains the most appropriate test for critical care patients with cardiorespiratory changes and with patients who have chest tubes and lines as a monitoring tool, and to detect complications related to their use. However, one of the most frequent issues recognized …
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A retrospective audit of the clinical value of routine chest radiographs in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery using medical records
Routine postoperative chest radiography after cardiac surgery is a common practice, although studies, both prospective and retrospective, conducted in their majority outside Africa, have shown that these chest radiographs are of low clinical value, mainly due to limited impact on patient …
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The prevalence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in patients with a short history of cough (less than three weeks) at Kamwala, Chilenje and Kabwata Clinics, Lusaka, Zambia
… microscopy and culture of 3 sputum samples and chest radiographs; 54 (26.5%) had PTB. There was no difference in the age and gender between patients with PTB and those with no evidence of PTB. Twenty-nine patients (53%) with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis had chest radiographs …
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The prevalence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in patients with a short history of cough (less than three weeks) at Kamwala, Chilenje and Kabwata Clinics, Lusaka, Zambia
… microscopy and culture of 3 sputum samples and chest radiographs; 54 (26.5%) had PTB. There was no difference in the age and gender between patients with PTB and those with no evidence of PTB. Twenty-nine patients (53%) with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis had chest radiographs …
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Image Classification with Consistent Supporting Evidence
… in the context of edema severity grading from chest radiographs. We demonstrate empirically that consistent models provide competitive performance while supporting interpretation.
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Imaging Based Models to Improve Lung Cancer Diagnosis
… to better detect and locate lung cancer from chest radiographs (x-rays) and computed tomography (CT) scans, as well as accurately estimate the risk of future lung cancer, all while factoring in the importance of model explainability in clinical settings. Recent advances in deep learning have …
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Synthesizing a complete tomographic study with nodules from multiple radiograph views via deep generative models
Chest radiography encodes a 3D anatomy into a complex 2D representation. This projection creates distinctive challenges even for the most experienced radiologists as many critical findings are superimposed, often resulting in error or further imaging. In particular, it is difficult to visualize the …
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A Bronchiolitis Study: The Overuse of Bronchiolitis Therapies in Children Admitted into the Hospital
… proper medical examination and other procedures. Chest radiographs, steroids, and certain bronchodilators are considered ineffective treatments. This study identified the amount of ineffective procedures being used in infants admitted into the pediatric emergency room, and the effect it had on the …
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Detection of Tubes in Radiographs Using Canny Edge Detection and Progressive Hough Transforms
… method for detecting tubes and catheters in chest radiographs could improve patient safety and healthcare efficiency by helping radiologists to more quickly and accurately identify mal-positioned tubes. We propose a method for automatically detecting tubes that first uses a Canny edge …
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An evaluation of digital radiography in the imaging of the neonatal chest.
Neonatal chest radiography is an area where there has been very limited research. The introduction of Computed Radiography (CR) has provided a new imaging modality that can be used to acquire neonatal chest radiographs and possibly reduce the radiation dose. The aim of this thesis was to design a …
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The long-term respiratory health effects of the herbicide, paraquat, among Western Cape workers
… Spirometry and gas transfer were measured and chest radiographs performed. Oxygen desaturation on exercise testing was by oximetry during a modified stage one exercise test. Results: No association was found between long-term paraquat exposure and reported symptoms, spirometry (FVC, FEVl, …
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Computer-assisted detection of lung cancer nudules in medical chest X-rays
… world countries. The routine diagnostic tool for chest complaints is the x-ray. Lung cancer may be diagnosed by the identification of a lung cancer nodule in a chest x-ray. The cure of lung cancer depends upon detection and diagnosis at an early stage. Presently the five-year survival rate of lung …
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Deep Learning Based Approaches For Low Cost Defense Detection
… may not be accessible in all clinical settings. Chest radiography provides a lower-cost and widely available imaging modality, but interpretation of chest X-rays for fibrotic disease can be challenging due to subtle radiographic patterns and overlapping anatomical structures. This thesis …
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Widened mediastinum on chest radiography as a prompt for further imaging in suspected blunt traumatic aortic injury: 3-year experience at a major trauma centre
… the presence of a widened mediastinum on a chest radiograph (CXR) as the commonest indication for chest computed tomography (CT) in cases of suspected blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI). Evaluating the practical implementation and accuracy of this tool could improve the degree of …
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Learning to Improve Clinical Decisions and AI Safety by Leveraging Structure
… scientific articles, radiology reports, chest radiography imaging and spoken utterances. We tackle tasks such as forecasting patient states, relationship extraction, disease prediction, medical report generation and differentially private model training. We begin the thesis by offering …
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Pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly : diagnostic criteria and its epidemiology in old age homes
… of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly. The chest radiographs in 93 consecutive cases of bacteriologically proven pulmonary tuberculosis showed infrequent apical involvement (7%), with the most frequent abnormality being opacification of the middle and lower zones of the lungs; half the cases …
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Improving the care of infants with bronchiolitis : Using knowledge translation to close the evidence-practice gap
… glucocorticoids, adrenaline or ordering chest radiographs. Despite evidence that these five therapies and management processes have no benefit, variation in clinical practice occurs with infants receiving non-evidence-based and potentially harmful care. The purpose of this implementation …
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Radiology Report Summarization With Large Language Models
… MIMIC-CXR, a large publicly available dataset of chest radiographs with free-text radiology reports, to transform the Findings into an Impression. Due to its large parameter count, the LLaMa model was fine-tuned using QLoRA—a quantized adaptation approach that enables memory-efficient …
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