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Showing 1 to 20 of 313 for “"chemotaxis"”.
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Chemotaxis of Sperm Cells
… the concentration gradient, a process called chemotaxis. Eggs release chemoattractants to guide the sperm cells to the egg. Sperm chemotaxis is best studied experimentally in the sea urchin. There, specific receptors in the flagellar membrane of the sperm cells are activated upon binding of …
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Microfluidics for bacterial chemotaxis
Bacterial chemotaxis, a remarkable behavioral trait which allows bacteria to sense and respond to chemical gradients in the environment, has implications in a broad range of fields including but not limited to disease pathogenesis, in-situ bioremediation and marine biogeochemistry. And therefore, …
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Signal Processing in Bacterial Chemotaxis
… in the signal transduction pathway of bacterial chemotaxis and 2) the point of convergence of the methylation-independent systems of chemotaxis with the methylation-dependent system. The site of ATP utilization was localized at the CheY protein/switch point. In an Eaeheriehia call strain (BT3077) …
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The Chemotaxis Phosphatases cheC and cheX
… de-exciting them and inducing adaptation of the chemotaxis system.
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Chemotaxis Methyltransferase Ii From Bacillus Subtilis
Chemotaxis is the process by which motile cells sense and respond to their chemical environment. Following a period of time during which chemotactic bacteria respond to chemical stimulation, they revert to their pre-stimulus behavior, or adapt. Biochemically, adaptation is correlated with the …
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Motility and Chemotaxis of Erwinia Amylovora
Environmental and cultural factors influence the motility of Erwinia amylovora by affecting either flagella synthesis of motility itself. Flagella synthesis is temperature dependent with an optimum at 18-23(DEGREES)C. However, bacterial cells grown at these temperatures are actively motile even at …
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Neutrophil Chemotaxis in Multiple Chemoattractant Gradients
Chemotaxis, the phenomenon in which cells move in response to extracellular chemical gradients, plays a prominent role in the mammalian immune response. During this process, a number of chemical signals, called chemoattractants, are produced at or proximal to sites of infection and diffuse into the …
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Bleb-driven chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum
… – to investigate the role of blebbing in chemotaxis. Here I confirm that in standard conditions Dictyostelium cells move by a combination of F-actin-driven protrusions and blebs. Blebbing is characterized by the rapid projection of hemispherical patches of plasma membrane at 2-4 times the …
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A Two-Component Model For Bacterial Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis is the directed cell movement in response to chemical signals. It iscrucial in many multicellular processes, such as wound healing, cancer metastasis,embryonic development and bioremediation. Quantitative descriptions of chemotaxiswill lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms of …
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Sensory Adaptation and Chemotaxis in Bacillus Subtilis
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1983.
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An in vitro study of neutrophil chemotaxis
… accounts of methods available for studying chemotaxis in vitro and many reports of diverse compounds of biological origin with attractant, or chemotactic, properties for motile, phagocytic cells. In general, these reports tended to substantiate the belief that chemical substances generated …
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Microfabrication methods for the study of chemotaxis
We have developed a system for studying chemotaxis in a microfabricated system. The goal was to develop a system capable of generating spatially and temporally stable concentration gradients of a chemotactic molecule while providing a viable environment for the cell. Numerical models were generated …
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Exploring the Structural Dynamics of Bacterial Chemotaxis
… and adjust their swimming behavior using their chemotaxis system. The central components of the chemotaxis pathway are transmembrane chemoreceptors, which bind attractant ligands in the periplasmic domain and transmit ligand occupancy information through the cytoplasmic domain to inhibit a …
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Phospholipase A2 Induced Monocyte Chemotaxis to Apoptotic Cells
… must be recruited to the apoptotic cells through chemotaxis. Products of the reaction catalyzed by the phospholipases A2 (PLA2) have been shown to induce monocyte chemotaxis either directly or indirectly. Some investigators have implicated a cytosolic calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) in the …
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The Role of CheV in S. typhimurium Chemotaxis
The chemotaxis systems of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium are thought to be virtually identical. However, recently a putative chemotaxis gene, cheV, was found to be present in S. typhimurium but not in E. coli. Sequence analysis shows that the CheV protein shares sequence similarity to …
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Motility and Chemotaxis of Pseudomonas Syringae Subsp. Glycinea
Flagellar motility in Pseudomonas syringae subsp. glycinea (Psg), as determined by capillary assay, is best at sub-optimal growth temperatures (17-27 C) and inhibited at higher temperatures. Motility is optimal in the presence of 10$\sp{-5}$ M EDTA in potassium phosphate buffer at pH 6-7. Reduced …
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Molecular signaling programs underlying neutrophil polarity and chemotaxis
… of the actin cytoskeleton during neutrophil chemotaxis. Depletion of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and Rictor, but not Raptor, impairs actin polymerization, leading edge establishment and directional migration in neutrophils stimulated with chemoattractants. Intriguingly, depletion of …
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Molecular mechanisms of signal transduction in neutrophil chemotaxis
… role in host defense against invading pathogens. Chemotaxis, the directed migration of cells, allows neutrophil to seek out the sites of inflammation and infection. Neutrophil chemotaxis as well as other type of cell migration are considered as cycles composed of highly orchestrated steps. …
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