Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 24 for “"channelrhodopsin"”.
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Homology Cloning, Heterologous Expression and Characterization of A New Channelrhodopsin
<p>Channelrhodopsins are phototaxis receptors in the plasma membranes of motile unicellular algae. They function as light-gated cation channels and this channel activity has been exploited to trigger action potentials in neurons with light to control neural circuits (“optogenetics"). Four …
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Independent two-color optogenetic excitation of neural populations
The optical modulation of neurons with channelrhodopsins, a class of genetically encoded light-gated ion channels, has enabled the spatiotemporally precise interrogation of the roles individual cell types play in neural circuit dynamics. A topic of great interest to the neuroscience community is …
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Fast scanning two-photon microscopy
… Finally the localization of optogenetic Channelrhodopsin-2 channel to the neuron cell body was tested using a ChR2-MBD construct.
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Expression of microbial rhodopsins in retinal neurons with subcellular targeting motifs: for the study of the structure/function of aii amacrine cells and for vision restoration
… revealed through viral-mediated expression of channelrhodopsin-2-GFP (ChR2-GFP) with the AIS-targeting motif of sodium channels (NavII-III) and was shown to be the site of spike initiation. The second part of the dissertation aimed to improve microbial rhodopsin-mediated gene therapy for vision …
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Development and application of control tools for use in optogenetics research
Optogenetic actuators such as Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) are seven-transmembrane proteins that function as light-gated ion channels. These naturally occurring proteins are found in green algae and serve as sensory photoreceptors controlling phototaxis. Operationally, they contain the …
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Opto-mechanical control of nerve growth
… Using dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) expressing channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) as a test system, I have investigated a broad range of optical stimulation parameters and identified conditions that enhance neurite outgrowth by three-fold as compared to unstimulated controls or wild-type DRGs lacking …
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High-efficiency ultrasound-powered micro-LEDs for optogenetic applications
… ~ 1 mA for activating light-sensitive proteins (Channelrhodopsin-2) while the temperature rise is < 1 oC, have an operating voltage below 3.3 V (limit of rectifier chip) and custom-made to match physical layout with rectifier. This requires the need for a highly efficient µLED. It is fortuitous …
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Flexible fibers for optoelectronic probing of spinal cord circuits
… mice expressing the light sensitive protein channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2). Furthermore, it is shown that the optical stimulation of the spinal cord with the polymer fiber probes induces on-demand limb movements. Finally, the modest dimensions and high flexibility of the devices permitting chronic …
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Using A Novel Optogenetic Approach To Directly Assess 5-Ht1a Somatodendritic Autoreceptor Function In Response To Chronic Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment
… mice expressing the light-sensitive ion channel Channelrhodopsin (ChR) in 5-HT neurons to facilitate their unambiguous identification and achieve precise temporal control over endogenous 5-HT release and 5-HT1A autoreceptor activation. Whole-cell intracellular recordings of DRN 5-HT neurons in in …
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Optogenetic Interrogation of Primary Visual Cortex and Its Impact On Neural Coding and Behavior
… using a recently discovered anion conducting channelrhodopsin.</p>
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Dopamine-dependent Transcriptional Dynamics in Striatal Physiology and Cocaine Reward
… in combination with viral vectors expressing channelrhodopsin, we demonstrate that photoactivation of MSNs in the NAc core is sufficient for reward-seeking behavior, independent of cocaine. In order to better characterize the cell populations driving these physiological and behavioral …
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The Role of Neuronal Leak Channels in Anesthesia
… I also used the light activated proteins, channelrhodopsin-2 andhalorhodopsin, to modulate the neuronal RMP in a wild type background anddetermined the effects of changing the RMP on anesthetic sensitivity.</p><p>In C. elegans, loss of a hyperpolarizing potassium leak through the …
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Characterization of spontaneous and evoked activity of mouse embryonic stem cell derived motor neurons using optogenetics and micro electrode array electrophysiology
… Hb9. The mES cell line was transfected with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) tagged with Td-Tomato which allowed for optogenetic stimulation of the networks with a 470 nm LED. Network firing patterns were evaluated for bursting activity and spectral content using analysis algorithms developed in …
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Microfluidic and optogenetic technologies to model spinal cord development and neuromuscular junction formation and function
… are derived with the light sensitive ion channel Channelrhodopsin, we form, in this microfluidic device, the first in vitro light-activatable neuromuscular junction. Keywords: microfluidics, optogenetics, morphogenesis, cell migration, neuromuscular junctions.
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Spatial-memory control of defensive actions
… a critical role in escape accuracy. Furthermore, channelrhodopsin-2-assisted connectivity studies showed a functional connection between RSC and SC, and chemogenetic inactivation of this projection impaired accurate orientation to refuge during escape. To understand how the RSC and SC control …
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Distinct roles for inhibitory neuron subtypes in cortical circuits : an examination of their structure, function, and connectivity
… to introduce either fluorescent protein or channelrhodopsin to PV+ or SOM+ neurons, targeting these cells for two-photon targeted physiological recording and morphological reconstruction, or selectively stimulating the population of PV+ or SOM+ neurons or stimulating single PV+ or SOM+ …
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A midbrain mechanism for computing escape decisions in the mouse
… all-or-nothing escape response. Finally, using channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping and monosynaptic viral tracing, we reveal that over half of dPAG-VGluT2 neurons receive monosynaptic connections from mSC-VGluT2 neurons with a low probability of release, allowing this synapse to act as a …
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Multisite optical neuromodulation : invention and application to emotion circuits
… bacteria-derived light-activated ion channels Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) and Halorhodopsin (Halo) could be used to treat circuit pathologies because they enable bidirectional control of transfected neurons with high temporal and spatial resolution. Virally delivered to mammalian neurons and …
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Optogenetic dissection of the dopaminergic circuitry involved in memory consolidation
… in VTA and LC were selectively tagged with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Conditional ChR2 expression made it possible to reliably identify CAergic neurons during unit recording sessions in freely moving animals. The main conclusion of the study is that that CAergic neurons in both VTA and LC …
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Crimpy Sorts a BMP into the Regulated Secretory Pathway for Activity-Dependent Release in Drosophila Motorneurons
… activating the blue light-gated cation channel, channelrhodopsin, in motorneurons, we detect activity-dependent changes in Gbb-HA levels at the larval NMJ. Growth factors of the neurotrophin and TGFß superfamilies are secreted from vertebrate neurons in response to synaptic activity in addition …
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