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Showing 1 to 20 of 26 for “"cellular reprogramming"”.
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Cellular reprogramming
DNA-methylatie is een epigenetische modificatie. Dit type van modificaties verandert de genetische informatie zelf niet, maar wijzigt de laag erboven. Er worden chemische modificaties toegevoegd of gewijzigd op het DNA of de histonen (waarrond het DNA gewonden is). DNA-methylatie is die modificatie …
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Cellular reprogramming in eukaryotes
Nearly all cellular processes are controlled by a highly complex genetic and epigenetic network. Although much of this complexity is still unknown to us, we have nonetheless begun exploring, perturbing, and creating genetic circuits in cells. To truly understand and control a cell, we have to build …
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Modeling Alzheimer's Disease Using Cellular Reprogramming Technologies
Two cellular reprogramming technologies have emerged that demonstrate that cell-fate can be converted by ectopic expression of defined transcription factors: induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology and induced neuronal (iN) cell technology. These recent advances in cell reprogramming …
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Single-cell analyses of cellular reprogramming and embryonic stem cells
… factors: Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4. During cellular reprogramming, only a small fraction of cells become iPSCs. Previous analyses of gene expression during reprogramming were based on populations of cells, impeding single-cell level identification of reprogramming events. Using single-cell …
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Cellular Reprogramming in Skeletal Muscle after Repeated Exposures to Endotoxin
Obesity-related metabolic derangements have been linked to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), an innate immune system receptor, due to its role in proinflammatory pathways. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative bacteria cell wall component, is the ligand for TLR4, and has been shown to be elevated in …
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Reprogramming to Pluripotency Using Small Molecule Compounds
… molecule compounds has evolved as a potential cellular reprogramming strategy. Individually, specific small molecule compounds have previously been shown to replace reprogramming transcription factors or enhance the efficiency of cellular reprogramming. More recently, a combination of small …
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DISSECTING THE REGULATORY LOGIC OF CELL FATE REPROGRAMMING THROUGH A MULTI-OMIC APPROACH
Human cellular reprogramming to induced pluripotency is still an inefficient process, which has hindered studying the role of critical intermediate stages. Here we take advantage of high efficiency reprogramming in microfluidics and temporal multi-omics to identify and resolve distinct …
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Engineered hydrogels for tracking cell signaling from the outside-in
… research. However, the introduction of these reprogramming factors leads to epigenetic changes which are not yet fully understood but are of great concern in clinical usages as epigenetic markers are heritable. The propagation of mechanochemical signals from the extracellular matrix (ECM) to …
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INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS UNVEILS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ROLES IN CELLULAR FATEAND SPATIALLY RESOLVED TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER IMMUNITY CAPACITY
… investigates transcription factors (TFs) in cellular differentiation, addressing the inefficiency in current cellular conversion strategies due to the complex TF regulatory landscape. We developed a comprehensive screening of 130 developmental TFs, comparing their dosages in a single …
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Interpreting Raman spectra using machine learning: towards a non-invasive method of characterizing single cells
… fibroblasts (MEFs) undergoing a dynamic cellular reprogramming process. Using a multi-modal, supervised learning approach, we provide evidence that Raman spectra can accurately resolve microbial cell types. This thesis also presents a robust computational pipeline to preprocess Raman …
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The Regulation of UHRF1 during Mammalian Embryogenesis
… it is not yet understood why this epigenetic reprogramming is so extensive. Recent research has revealed that multiple different examples of global demethylation are orchestrated by regulation of UHRF1, which recruits the maintenance methyltransferase DNMT1 to newly replicated DNA. This …
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The Role of SOX2 in Molecular Circadian Clock Regulation and Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Development
… in stem cell maintenance and proliferation, cellular reprogramming, neurogenesis, and tumorigenesis. Sox2 is expressed and maintained in stem cells of different tissues, including the developing central nervous system and adult neurogenic niches. When neural stem/progenitor cells terminally …
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Role of small RNAs and chromatin in transposable element silencing during global demethylation
… hypomethylation is a hallmark of epigenetic reprogramming in mammalian primordial germ cells (PGCs), the early embryo and in naïve embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Genome integrity is crucial during early development, as the germline DNA needs to be protected for future generations. Therefore, …
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Interrogating Dux4 Mrna 3′ End Processing
… to FSHD pathology due to Dux4-dependent cellular reprogramming.</p> <p>We aim to understand what regulatory elements facilitate the cleavage and polyadenylation (CPA) of the Dux4 mRNA beyond the non-consensus PAS and to determine if inefficient CPA underlies the poor expression of Dux4 in …
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Unlocking Compacted Heterochromatin Through Modulation Of Associated Proteins
… element silencing. As H3K9me3 can block cellular reprogramming, we used a human-induced fibroblast to hepatocyte (hiHep) reprogramming model to uncover diverse genes and repetitive elements silenced by each protein. We conducted RNA-seq experiments both with and without the addition of …
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Hematopoiesis: Functional Insights by Cell Fate Conversion
… Aging is characterized by an overall loss of cellular and organ fitness, which has been suggested to result from alterations in tissue-resident somatic stem cell function. In the blood, aging presents with several functional alterations that can be traced to cell intrinsic alterations …
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Integrative genomic analysis of Neurogenin2 reprogramming of human iPSCs
Direct cell reprogramming is a rapidly growing field that has challenged traditional concepts of cellular identity. The expression of Neurogenin 2 (NGN2) results in rapid reprogramming of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into functional excitatory neurons. My lab has previously demonstrated that …
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The generation of a human cell line to elucidate the role of Fumarate Hydratase loss in cancer
The reprogramming of cellular metabolism is an established hallmark of cancer, which enables cancer cells to survive, proliferate, and metastasize even under harsh environmental conditions. These cancer-associated metabolic changes can affect several pathways one of which is mitochondrial …
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Somatic microsatellite variability as a measure of DNA stability in cancer and DNA repair disorders
… in the progenitors, plays a critical role in cellular reprogramming leading to the development and progression of cancer. MST mutation rates are between 10 and 1000 time higher than that of surrounding DNA. MSTs are found ubiquitously throughout the genome including in nearly all transcribed …
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Building a Methodological Framework for Cell Fate Engineering
… three pillars: the discovery of new cell fate-reprogramming cocktails of factors, the evaluation of engineered cells, and the revelation of underlying molecular mechanisms. One major challenge has been the lack of a scalable screening approach in vitro for the performance of reprogramming …
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